I have got this Swift code
var request = URLRequest(url: URL(string: "http://www.centill.com/ajax/logreg.php")!)
request.httpMethod = "POST"
let postString = "app_log_pass=\(pass_text_field.text!)"
request.httpBody = postString.data(using: .utf8)
And when my text is
(1&*^&&2
It only prints (1.How can i send string that contains various symbols safely with Swift?
As Sulthan suggested, no predefined CharacterSet can be used for actual servers when you want to include some symbol characters in your POST data.
An example CharacterSet which I often use:
extension CharacterSet {
static let rfc3986Unreserved = CharacterSet(charactersIn:
"ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789-._~")
}
let postValue = "(1&*^&&2"
let postString = "app_log_pass=\(postValue.addingPercentEncoding(withAllowedCharacters: .rfc3986Unreserved)!)"
print(postString) //->app_log_pass=%281%26%2A%5E%26%262
Another CharacterSet which would work for usual PHP servers:
extension CharacterSet {
static let queryValueAllowed = CharacterSet.urlQueryAllowed.subtracting(CharacterSet(charactersIn: "&+="))
}
let postValue = "(1&*^&&2"
let postString = "app_log_pass=\(postValue.addingPercentEncoding(withAllowedCharacters: .queryValueAllowed)!)"
print(postString) //->app_log_pass=(1%26*%5E%26%262
Anyway, you need to escape the key and the value separately, to prevent escaping the separator =.
ADDITION
An example of escaping multiple key-value pairs:
extension String {
var queryValueEscaped: String {
return self.addingPercentEncoding(withAllowedCharacters: .queryValueAllowed)!
}
}
let params: [String: String] = [
"app_log_usn": "OOPer",//usn_text_field.text!,
"app_log_pass": "(1&*^&&2"//pass_text_field.text!
]
let postString = params.map {"\($0.key)=\($0.value.queryValueEscaped)"}.joined(separator: "&")
print(postString) //->app_log_usn=OOPer&app_log_pass=(1%26*%5E%26%262
Assuming each key is made of safe characters and no need to escape.
Use the addingPercentEncoding method with the urlHostsAllowed parameter:
string.addingPercentEncoding(withAllowedCharacters: .urlHostAllowed)
Related
I want to pass array like this in my request:
{
"ids": ["5ed7603ab05efe0004286d19", "5ed7608ab05efe0004286d1a"]
}
I did like that but I am not sure the server is getting as I intended:
request.httpBody = try JSONSerialization.data(withJSONObject: ids, options: .prettyPrinted)
You should be using a Dictionary for this purpose. Here's how:
let dictionary = ["ids": ["5ed7603ab05efe0004286d19", "5ed7608ab05efe0004286d1a"]]
request.httpBody = try JSONSerialization.data(withJSONObject: dictionary, options: .prettyPrinted)
Suggestion: The modern approach would be to use JSONEncoder(). You could google this, there are plenty of solutions online. If you're still struggling you can ask for the method in the comments, I'll help you figure out.
Update: How you can implement Swift's JSONEncoder API in your code.
let dictionary = ["ids": ["5ed7603ab05efe0004286d19", "5ed7608ab05efe0004286d1a"]]
request.httpBody = try JSONEncoder().encode(dictionary)
Using a struct would be much safer. Here's how:
typealias ID = String
struct MyRequestModel: Codable { var ids: [ID] }
let myRequestModel = MyRequestModel(ids: ["5ed7603ab05efe0004286d19", "5ed7608ab05efe0004286d1a"])
request.httpBody = try JSONEncoder().encode(myRequestModel)
Note: Usage of type-alias is optional it just adds a bit of readability to your code, as is the usage of JSONDecoder.
You can encode using JSONEncoder;
let yourList = ["5ed7603ab05efe0004286d19", "5ed7608ab05efe0004286d1a"]
struct DataModel: Encodable {
var ids: [String]
}
let data = DataModel(ids: yourList)
let encodedData = try! JSONEncoder().encode(data)
// JSON string value
let jsonString = String(data: encodedData, encoding: .utf8)
I'm trying to do a request with Alamofire to this url:
https://overpass-api.de/api/interpreter?data=[out:json];(way[highway~"^(motorway)$"][!maxspeed](around:5,45.792790,3.062686););out%20tags;
but it contains a double quotation mark and the cast into URL fails.
I've escaped the " with the backslash
let urlString = "https://overpass-api.de/api/interpreter?data=[out:json];(way[highway~\"^(motorway)$\"][!maxspeed](around:5,45.792790,3.062686););out%20tags;"
but when I convert the string in a URL, it returns nil
let url = URL(string: urlString)
I've tried replacing the " symbols with %22, but it is still not working. I tried using the addingPercent but it results in a wrong url and returns error 400 or 404
let urlWithEconding = urlString.addingPercentEncoding(withAllowedCharacters: .urlHostAllowed)
I also tried to use AlamoFire method for url casting and encoding, but I cannot make it work...
Here is how you can use URLComponents
let queryValue = "[out:json];(way[highway~\"^(motorway)$\"][!maxspeed](around:5,45.792790,3.062686););out tags;"
var components = URLComponents()
components.scheme = "https"
components.host = "overpass-api.de"
components.path = "/api/interpreter"
components.queryItems = [URLQueryItem(name: "data", value: queryValue)]
If you don't want to escape the quotes you can define the variable like this
let queryValue = """
[out:json];(way[highway~"^(motorway)$"][!maxspeed](around:5,45.792790,3.062686););out tags;
"""
I'm trying to create a request with multiple parameters using Swift. So far I managed to create with one parameter but not with multiple.
I tried to use a Dictionary but couldn't do it.
Here is my actual code:
let protocolo = txtProtocolo.text!
var request = URLRequest(url: url)
let parameters = "protocolo=\(protocolo) "
request.httpMethod = "POST"
request.httpBody = parameters.data(using: String.Encoding.utf8)
URLSession.shared.dataTask(with: request)
{ (data, response, error) in
....
I'm trying to do something like this:
let dictionary = ["protocolo":protocolo,
"secondParameter": "value"]
And use this dictionary as httpBody.
Thanks in advance for your help.
If you have the option use Alamofire. It is very good :)
But if you want to use the dictionary. It seems you have to convert it to a string. Did you try something like
let parameters = ["auth":"asdf", "width":"123"]
let parametersString = (parameters.compactMap({ (key, value) -> String in
return "\(key)=\(value)"
}) as Array).joined(separator: "&")
And use the parametersString as the parameter
my php code creates an empty image on server
here is my code (swift4) :
var encoded_img = imageTobase64(image: image1.image!)
func convertImageToBase64(image: UIImage) -> String {
let imageData = UIImagePNGRepresentation(image)!
return imageData.base64EncodedString(options: Data.Base64EncodingOptions.lineLength64Characters)
}
php code :
$decodimg = base64_decode(_POST["encoded_img"]);
file_put_contents("images/".$imgname,$decodimg);
And the code to prepare the request:
#IBAction func BtnSend(_ sender: UIButton) {
var url = "http://xxxxxx/msg.php"
var encoded_img = imageTobase64(image: image1.image!)
let postData = NSMutableData(data: ("message=" + message).data(using: String.Encoding.utf8)!)
postData.append(("&encoded_img=" + encoded_img).data(using: String.Encoding.utf8)!)
request = NSMutableURLRequest(url: NSURL(string: url)! as URL,
cachePolicy: .useProtocolCachePolicy,
timeoutInterval: 20.0)
request.httpMethod = "POST"
request.httpBody = postData as Data
let session = URLSession.shared
let dataTask = session.dataTask(with:
request as URLRequest, completionHandler:
{ (data, response, error)-> Void in
...
})
dataTask.resume()
The fundamental issue is that your x-www-form-urlencoded request is not well-formed. You have explicitly requested it to create base64 string with newline characters in it, but those are not allowed in x-www-form-urlencoded unless you percent encode them. Plus, we don't know what sort of characters are inside message.
I would suggest:
Not request newline characters to be added to the base64 string unless you really needed them; but
Percent escape the string values, anyway, as I don't know what sort of values you have for message.
Thus:
let parameters = [
"message": message,
"encoded_img": convertToBase64(image: image1.image!)
]
let session = URLSession.shared
let url = URL(string: "http://xxxxxx/msg.php")!
var request = URLRequest(url: url, timeoutInterval: 20.0)
request.httpMethod = "POST"
request.setValue("application/x-www-form-urlencoded", forHTTPHeaderField: "Content-Type") // not necessary, but best practice
request.setValue("application/json", forHTTPHeaderField: "Accept") // again, not necessary, but best practice; set this to whatever format you're expecting the response to be
request.httpBody = parameters.map { key, value in
let keyString = key.addingPercentEncoding(withAllowedCharacters: .urlQueryValueAllowed)!
let valueString = value.addingPercentEncoding(withAllowedCharacters: .urlQueryValueAllowed)!
return keyString + "=" + valueString
}.joined(separator: "&").data(using: .utf8)
let dataTask = session.dataTask(with:request) { data, response, error in
guard error == nil,
let data = data,
let httpResponse = response as? HTTPURLResponse,
(200 ..< 300) ~= httpResponse.statusCode else {
print(error ?? "Unknown error", response ?? "Unknown response")
return
}
// process `data` here
}
dataTask.resume()
where
func convertToBase64(image: UIImage) -> String {
return UIImagePNGRepresentation(image)!
.base64EncodedString()
}
and
extension CharacterSet {
/// Character set containing characters allowed in query value as outlined in RFC 3986.
///
/// RFC 3986 states that the following characters are "reserved" characters.
///
/// - General Delimiters: ":", "#", "[", "]", "#", "?", "/"
/// - Sub-Delimiters: "!", "$", "&", "'", "(", ")", "*", "+", ",", ";", "="
///
/// In RFC 3986 - Section 3.4, it states that the "?" and "/" characters should not be escaped to allow
/// query strings to include a URL. Therefore, all "reserved" characters with the exception of "?" and "/"
/// should be percent-escaped in the query string.
///
/// - parameter string: The string to be percent-escaped.
///
/// - returns: The percent-escaped string.
static var urlQueryValueAllowed: CharacterSet = {
let generalDelimitersToEncode = ":#[]#" // does not include "?" or "/" due to RFC 3986 - Section 3.4
let subDelimitersToEncode = "!$&'()*+,;="
var allowed = CharacterSet.urlQueryAllowed
allowed.remove(charactersIn: generalDelimitersToEncode + subDelimitersToEncode)
return allowed
}()
}
Alternatively, you could consider using Alamofire which gets you out of the weeds of creating well-formed x-www-form-urlencoded requests.
For work we have a third party company which supply a JSON api for some functionality. The JSON contains urls which I try to map in my code with URL(string: ...) but this fails on some urls which have spaces.
For example:
var str = "https://google.com/article/test test.html"
let url = URL(string: str) //nil
Should I ask the third party to encode their URLs ?
Is this normal or should I try to add encoding myself?
Encoding myself is hard I think because the path should be encoded different from the query and the host shouldn't be encoded etc.
Or am I overthinking this?
If the URL contains spaces in its path, escape the characters with addingPercentEncoding(withAllowedCharacters passing the urlPathAllowed character set:
let str = "https://google.com/article/test test.html"
if let escapedString = str.addingPercentEncoding(withAllowedCharacters: CharacterSet.urlPathAllowed),
let url = URL(string:escapedString) {
print(url)
} else {
print("url \(str) could not be encoded")
}
What I would do if I were you, is to split the string up on the space, try converting each of the elements to a url, and when that works save it in your variable.
var str = "https://google.com/article/test test.html"
var url: URL? = nil
for urlString in str.components(separatedBy: .whitespacesAndNewlines) {
let url = URL(string: urlString)
if url != nil {
break
}
}
// url might be nil here, so test for value before using it
If each URL that you get from the API is in the format in your example, you can instead just grab the first element after spitting the string.
var str = "https://google.com/article/test test.html"
if let urlString = str.components(separatedBy: .whitespacesAndNewlines).first {
let url = URL(string: urlString)
}
// url might be nil here, so test for value before using it