I am trying to query a column which contains string such as
595.1,N30.10
630.5,E10
I have tried separating the two values into different columns
split_part(code, ',', 1) AS code1,
split_part(code, ',', 2) AS code2
But now I see that some of the rows have 3 (or could be more)
785.59, R57.1, R
I wonder if there is a way to specify and query only the first part of the string without having to split the string. In this case only look for enteries with 595.1,785.59 and ignore the rest.
SELECT distinct ON (id) id,time,year,code
FROM data
where code= ANY('{595.1,785.59}');
I think you already the have logic you need, you only need to thread it together:
SELECT DISTINCT ON (id) id, time, year, code
FROM data
WHERE split_part(code, ',', 1) = ANY('{595.1,785.59}');
This logic appears to be working in the demo below.
Demo
To query on first part of code column you can do like below
SELECT * FROM tableName
WHERE split_part(code, ',', 1) = somevalue
Related
Source data
I am working on an ELT project to load data from CSV files into PostgreSQL where I will transform it. The CSV files have many columns that are consistent across files, but also contain activity columns that are inconsistent with names like Date (05/19/2020), Type (05/19/2020), etc.
In the loading script I am merging all of the columns with dates in the column name into one jsonb column so I don't have to constantly add new columns to the raw data table.
The resulting jsonb column in the raw data table looks like this:
id
activity
12345678
{"Date (05/19/2020)": null, "Type (05/19/2020)": null, "Date (06/03/2020)": "06/01/2020", "Type (06/03/2020)": "E"}
98765432
{"Date (05/19/2020)": "05/18/2020", "Type (05/19/2020)": "B", "Date (10/23/2020)": "10/26/2020", "Type (10/23/2020)": "T"}
JSON to columns
Using the amazing create_jsonb_flat_view function from this post I can convert the jsonb to columns like this:
id
Date (05/19/2020)
Type (05/19/2020)
Date (06/03/2020)
Type (06/03/2020)
Type (10/23/2020
Date (10/23/2020)
Type (10/23/2020)
10629465
null
null
06/01/2020
E
98765432
05/18/2020
B
10/26/2020
T
Need to move part of column name to row
Now, this is where I'm stuck. I need to remove the portion of the column name that is the Activity Date (e.g. (05/19/2020)) and create a row for each id and ActivityDate with additional columns for Date and Type like this:
id
ActivityDate
Date
Type
12345678
05/19/2020
null
null
12345678
06/03/2020
06/01/2020
E
98765432
05/19/2020
05/18/2020
B
98765432
10/23/2020
10/26/2020
T
I followed your link to the create_jsonb_flat_view article yesterday and then forgot this question. While I thank you for pointing me there, I think that mentioning it worked against you.
A more conventional approach using regexp_replace() works here. I left the date values as strings, but you can convert them with to_date() if needed:
with parse as (
select id, e.k, e.v,
regexp_replace(e.k, '\s+\([0-9/]{10}\)', '') as k_no_date,
regexp_replace(e.k, '^.+([0-9/]{10}).+', '\1') as k_date_only
from rawinput
cross join lateral jsonb_each_text(activity) as e(k, v)
)
select id,
k_date_only as activity_date,
min(v) filter (where k_no_date = 'Date') as date,
min(v) filter (where k_no_date = 'Type') as type
from parse
group by id, k_date_only;
db<>fiddle here
#Mike-Organek's Answer works beautifully!
However, I was curious if the regexp_replace() calls might be slowing the query down a bit and it seemed I could get the same results using a simpler function.
Since Mike gave me a great example to start with I modified it to split on the space between Date and (05/19/2020).
For 20,000 rows, it went from taking an avg of 7 sec on my local machine to an avg of .9 sec.
Here is the resulting query:
with parse as (
select id, e.k, e.v,
split_part(e.k, ' ', 1) as k_no_date,
trim(split_part(e.k, ' ', 2),'()') as k_date_only
from rawinput
cross join lateral jsonb_each_text(activity) as e(k, v)
)
select id,
k_date_only as activity_date,
min(v) filter (where k_no_date = 'Date') as date,
min(v) filter (where k_no_date = 'Type') as type
from parse
group by id, k_date_only;
I am trying to manipulate string data in a column such as if the given string is '20591;#e123456;#17507;#c567890;#15518;#e135791' or '26169;#c785643', then the
result should be like 'e123456;c567890;e135791' or 'c785643'. The number of digits in between can be of any length.
Some of the things I have tried so far are:
select replace('20591;#e123456;#17507;#c567890;#15518;#e135791','#','');
This leaves me with '20591;e123456;17507;c567890;15518;e135791', which still includes the digits without 'e' or 'c' prefixed to them. i want to get rid of 20591, 17507 and 15518.
Create function that will keep a pattern of '%[#][ec][0-9][;]%' and will get rid of the rest.
The most important advise is: Do not store any data in a delimited string. This is violating the most basic principle of relational database concepts (1.NF).
The second hint is SO-related: Please always add / tag your questions with the appropriate tool. The tag [tsql] points to SQL-Server, but this might be wrong (which would invalidate both answers). Please tag the full product with its version (e.g. [sql-server-2012]). Especially with string splitting there are very important product related changes from version to version.
Now to your question.
Working with (almost) any version of SQL-Server
My suggestion uses a trick with XML:
(credits to Alan Burstein for the mockup)
DECLARE #table TABLE (someid INT IDENTITY, somestring VARCHAR(50));
INSERT #table VALUES ('20591;#e123456;#17507;#c567890;#15518;#e135791'),('26169;#c785643')
--the query
SELECT t.someid,t.somestring,A.CastedToXml
,STUFF(REPLACE(A.CastedToXml.query('/x[contains(text()[1],"#") and empty(substring(text()[1],2,100) cast as xs:int?)]')
.value('.','nvarchar(max)'),'#',';'),1,1,'') TheNewList
FROM #table t
CROSS APPLY(SELECT CAST('<x>' + REPLACE(t.somestring,';','</x><x>') + '</x>' AS XML)) A(CastedToXml);
The idea in short:
By replacing the ; with XML tags </x><x> we can transform your delimited list to XML. I included the intermediate XML into the result set. Just click it to see how this works.
In the next query I use a XQuery predicate first to find entries, which contain a # and second, which do NOT cast to an integer without the #.
The thrid step is specific to XML again. The XPath . in .value() will return all content as one string.
Finally we have to replace the # with ; and cut away the leading ; using STUFF().
UPDATE The same idea, but a bit shorter:
You can try this as well
SELECT t.someid,t.somestring,A.CastedToXml
,REPLACE(A.CastedToXml.query('data(/x[empty(. cast as xs:int?)])')
.value('.','nvarchar(max)'),' ',';') TheNewList
FROM #table t
CROSS APPLY(SELECT CAST('<x>' + REPLACE(t.somestring,';#','</x><x>') + '</x>' AS XML)) A(CastedToXml);
Here I use ;# to split your string and data() to implicitly concatenate your values (blank-separated).
UPDATE 2 for v2017
If you have v2017+ I'd suggest a combination of a JSON splitter and STRING_AGG():
SELECT t.someid,STRING_AGG(A.[value],';') AS TheNewList
FROM #table t
CROSS APPLY OPENJSON(CONCAT('["',REPLACE(t.somestring,';#','","'),'"]')) A
WHERE TRY_CAST(A.[value] AS INT) IS NULL
GROUP BY t.someid;
You did not include the version of SQL Server you are on. If you are using 2016+ you can use SPLIT_STRING, otherwise a good T-SQL splitter will do.
Against a single variable:
DECLARE #somestring VARCHAR(1000) = '20591;#e123456;#17507;#c567890;#15518;#e135791';
SELECT NewString = STUFF((
SELECT ','+split.item
FROM STRING_SPLIT(#somestring,';') AS s
CROSS APPLY (VALUES(REPLACE(s.[value],'#',''))) AS split(item)
WHERE split.item LIKE '[a-z][0-9]%'
FOR XML PATH('')),1,1,'');
Against a table:
NewString
----------------------
e123456,c567890,e135791
-- Against a table
DECLARE #table TABLE (someid INT IDENTITY, somestring VARCHAR(50));
INSERT #table VALUES ('20591;#e123456;#17507;#c567890;#15518;#e135791'),('26169;#c785643')
SELECT t.*, fn.NewString
FROM #table AS t
CROSS APPLY
(
SELECT NewString = STUFF((
SELECT ','+split.item
FROM STRING_SPLIT(t.somestring,';') AS s
CROSS APPLY (VALUES(REPLACE(s.[value],'#',''))) AS split(item)
WHERE split.item LIKE '[a-z][0-9]%'
FOR XML PATH('')),1,1,'')
) AS fn;
Returns:
someid somestring NewString
----------- -------------------------------------------------- -----------------------------
1 20591;#e123456;#17507;#c567890;#15518;#e135791 e123456,c567890,e135791
2 26169;#c785643 c785643
I have a table of Verticals which have names, except one of them is called 'Other'. My task is to return a list of all Verticals, sorted in alpha order, except with 'Other' at the end. I have done it with two queries, like this:
String sqlMost = "SELECT * from core.verticals WHERE name != 'Other' order by name";
String sqlOther = "SELECT * from core.verticals WHERE name = 'Other'";
and then appended the second result in my code. Is there a way to do this in a single query, without modifying the table? I tried using UNION
(select * from core.verticals where name != 'Other' order by name)
UNION (select * from core.verticals where name = 'Other');
but the result was not ordered at all. I don't think the second query is going to hurt my execution time all that much, but I'm kind of curious if nothing else.
UNION ALL is the usual way to request a simple concatenation; without ALL an implicit DISTINCT is applied to the combined results, which often causes a sort. However, UNION ALL isn't required to preserve the order of the individual sub-results as a simple concatenation would; you'd need to ORDER the overall UNION ALL expression to lock down the order.
Another option would be to compute an integer order-override column like CASE WHEN name = 'Other' THEN 2 ELSE 1 END, and ORDER BY that column followed by name, avoiding the UNION entirely.
I am trying to create a stored procedure that will split 3 text boxes on a webpage that have user input that all have comma delimited strings in it. We have a field called 'combined_name' in our table that we have to search for first and last name and any known errors or nicknames etc. such as #p1: 'grei,grie' #p2: 'joh,jon,j..' p3: is empty.
The reason for the third box is after I get the basics set up we will have does not contain, starts with, ends with and IS to narrow our results further.
So I am looking to get all records that CONTAINS any combination of those. I originally wrote this in LINQ but it didn't work as you cannot query a list and a dataset. The dataset is too large (1.3 million records) to be put into a list so I have to use a stored procedure which is likely better anyway.
Will I have to use 2 SP, one to split each field and one for the select query or can this be done with one? What function do I use for contains in tsql? I tried using IN win a query but cannot figure out how it works with multiple parameters.
Please note that this will be an internal site that has limited access so worrying about sql injection is not a priority.
I did attempt dynamic SQL but am not getting the correct results back:
CREATE PROCEDURE uspJudgments #fullName nvarchar(100) AS
EXEC('SELECT *
FROM new_judgment_system.dbo.defendants_ALL
WHERE combined_name IN (' + #fullName + ')')
GO
EXEC uspJudgments #fullName = '''grein'', ''grien'''
Even if this did retrieve the correct results how would this be done with 3 parameters?
You may try use this to split string and obtain a tables of strings. Then to have all the combinations you may use full join of these two tables. And then do your select.
Here is the Table valued function I set up:
ALTER FUNCTION [dbo].[Split] (#sep char(1), #s varchar(8000))
RETURNS table
AS
RETURN (
WITH splitter_cte AS (
SELECT CHARINDEX(#sep, #s) as pos, 0 as lastPos
UNION ALL
SELECT CHARINDEX(#sep, #s, pos + 1), pos
FROM splitter_cte
WHERE pos > 0
)
SELECT SUBSTRING(#s, lastPos + 1,
case when pos = 0 then 80000
else pos - lastPos -1 end) as OutputValues
FROM splitter_cte
)
)
I want a query which will return a combination of characters and number
Example:
Table name - emp
Columns required - fname,lname,code
If fname=abc and lname=pqr and the row is very first of the table then result should be code = ap001.
For next row it should be like this:
Fname = efg, lname = rst
Code = er002 and likewise.
I know that we can use substr to retrieve first letter of a colume but I don't know how to use it to do with two columns and how to concatenate.
OK. You know you can use substr function. Now, to concatenate you will need a concatenation operator ||. To get the number of row retrieved by your query, you need the rownum pseudocolumn. Perhaps you will also need to use to_char function to format the number. About all those functions and operators you can read in SQL reference. Anyway I think you need something like this (I didn't check it):
select substr(fname, 1, 1) || substr(lname, 1, 1) || to_char(rownum, 'fm009') code
from emp