I recently started using VS Code and I have a question. How do I set the values of the compilation options defined in CMakeList.txt?
For example if the following option is set in the CMakeList.txt:
option(BUILD_WITH_TESTS "Build with tests." OFF)
Then I can set this value when building using for example the CMake GUI:
selecting option value
Does a similar toolkit exist in VS Code? What are the ways to set value BUILD_WITH_TESTS when building a project in VS Code?
At the moment I'm using VS Code with the plugin CMake Tools 1.5.3. But I do not find such functionality as a CMake GUI there.
You have several choices, depending on your exact requirements.
The CMake Tools extensions is a good choice, but it doesn't come with a GUI. If you want to use cmake-gui, you could still use it in your vscode CMake build directory, by executing cmake-gui <path_to_build_folder> in the vscode terminal.
In case you need to run this command often, you could customize your vscode settings, for a better cmake-gui integration, by using the Command Runner extension, which allows to run custom shell commands. After installation add the following to your settings.json:
"command-runner.commands": {
"cmake-gui": "cmake-gui ${workspaceFolder}/build"
}
and, if you like, a key binding to keybindings.json
{
"key": "ctrl+alt+1",
"command": "command-runner.run",
"args": { "command": "cmake-gui" }
}
Personally I would do none of the above methods, but just use ccmake in the terminal.
All of the above describes how to change settings in the current existing build directory (which is usually created by CMake Tools on first launch). However, the settings will get lost if you switch to a different compiler or delete the CMake cache in any other way.
To persist your settings and configure CMake by default with your preferred configuration, you can add your CMake arguments to your vscode workspace settings (in ${workspaceFolder}/.vscode/settings.json), e.g.
{
"cmake.configureArgs": [
"-DBUILD_WITH_TESTS=ON"
]
}
I need to prepare a number of exercises for students learning Rust. I've found the use of ${workspaceFolderBasename} within the program field of my launch.json to be quite useful, as in:
"program": "${workspaceFolder}/target/debug/${workspaceFolderBasename}.exe"
This allows me to execute the program using CTRL+F5. However, this only works while the resulting executable has the same name as the workspace folder (i.e. ${workspaceFolderBasename}). I note that the name field in my project's Cargo.toml file has a name field under [package] which controls the name of the resulting executable. Is there a way to use this field within launch.json?
I want to propose a different approach. What if you define cargo run as a task in your tasks.json with a shortcut and let cargo handle the naming. That also has the advantage that, if students make a change ,cargo will compile it automatically when running cargo run.
This is how to do it:
Create a .vscode folder on project directory.
Create a tasks.json file in it.
In the tasks.json file, my content is like this:
{
// See https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=733558
// for the documentation about the tasks.json format
"version": "2.0.0",
"tasks": [
{
"label": "run",
"type": "shell",
"command": "cargo run",
"problemMatcher": []
}
]
}
Now when you run the command tasks: run task on the command palette, you will see a new task called run. Clicking it will run cargo run on the workspace folder.
The documentation can be found in https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/editor/tasks .
Sidenote: I checked the VsCode Rust Plugin and it seems that they already have that functionality, so just let your students install that extension and they can run all the cargo tasks without doing the above steps.
How do I correctly set up the $PYTHONPATH variable for my workspace in VisualStudio Code?
Background Information
I have installed two versions of GNURadio:
GNURadio version 3.7.11 installed by the Linux Mint package manager in /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/gnuradio
GNURadio version 3.7.13.4 installed by PyBOMBS in /home/tejul/Documents/gr13/default/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/gnuradio (my prefix directory is ~/Documents/gr13/default)
I can use the newer version of GNURadio version only after I run the setup_env.sh script (which -- among other things -- adds /home/tejul/Documents/gr13/default/lib/python2.7/dist-packages to $PYTHONPATH) and then start python in the terminal
tejul#Wacom:~/Documents/gr13/default$ ls
bin etc include lib libexec setup_env.sh share src
tejul#Wacom:~/Documents/gr13/default$ source ./setup_env.sh
tejul#Wacom:~/Documents/gr13/default$ python
Python 2.7.15rc1 (default, Nov 12 2018, 14:31:15)
[GCC 7.3.0] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> from gnuradio import gr
>>> gr.version()
'3.7.13.4'
>>>
Without modifying the $PYTHONPATH python -- naturally -- imports the older version of GNURadio.
I want to write, run, and debug python scripts for the new version of GNURadio in the VisualStudio Code. I've been trying to understand the selection of python interpreters, workspaces, and environments for VSCode.
As far as I understand it, the VSCode workspace setting python.pythonPath is not to be confused with the environment variable $PYTHONPATH. python.pythonPath is the path to the python interpreter used for debugging or running the code, while $PYTHONPATH is the environment variable which python uses to search for modules.
It looks like PyBOMBS did not install its own python interpreter into my prefix directory. So I need to use VSCode with my normal python interpreter located in /usr/bin/python2.7. So redefining VSCode's python.pythonPath or selecting another python interpreter would not help me.
I need to let VSCode use my own version of the environment variable $PYTHONPATH which would tell my regular python interpreter to import modules preferably from /home/tejul/Documents/gr13/default/lib/python2.7/dist-packages.
Problem
Following the documentation, I have created my own .env file in the workspace directory which sets the order of preference for locations from which python should import the modules. Alas, it has no effect on the python interpreter.
Can you see anything that I am doing wrong here? I have also tried:
Setting the PYTHONPATH to one folder level higher, i.e. /home/tejul/Documents/gr13/default/lib/python2.7, this did not help
Calling the variable $PYTHONPATH instead of PYTHONPATH, this did not help
Restarting VSCode after each change of the .env file, this did not help
Using double quotes around the path string, e.g. PYTHONPATH="/home/tejul/Documents/gr13/default/lib/python2.7:/usr/lib/python2.7", this did not help
I have a situation that I believe is relatively common. I want a script to import a module from another directory. My python project is laid out as follows:
~/project/
|
|---modules/
|
|---mod.py
|---scripts/
|---script.py
in script.py, I have from modules import mod. So my PYTHONPATH needs to be set to ~/project/ (something that PyCharm does automatically).
VSCode is a great editor, but everywhere else, it falls short, in my opinion. This is a perfect example of that.
I create a default launch.json file to "run the current file". A "cwd": "${fileDirname}" line has to be added to make things work like they do in PyCharm (FYI, a list of the built-in variables can be found here).
Debugging
For debugging (the "play" button on the sidebar, or the F5 key), the PYTHONPATH set in launch.json or your .env file takes effect. Note that in the .env file, you cannot use variables such as ${workspaceRoot}, but you can easily append or insert to the path by using the proper separator for your platform (; for Windows and : for everyone else).
Because I want to take advantage of that variable, I put this in my launch.json:
"env": {"PYTHONPATH": "${workspaceFolder}${pathSeparator}${env:PYTHONPATH}"}
(Thanks to #someonr for the suggestion to use ${pathSeparator}.)
It appears that you can prepend/append to whatever is inherited from the environment (this is not true for settings.json; see below).
This will also work for the hotkey Ctrl+F5 (run without debugging).
For reference, here's the full file, which replicates what PyCharm does automatically:
{
"version": "0.2.0",
"configurations": [
{
"name": "Python: Current File",
"type": "python",
"request": "launch",
"program": "${file}",
"console": "integratedTerminal",
"cwd": "${fileDirname}",
"env": {"PYTHONPATH": "${workspaceFolder}${pathSeparator}${env:PYTHONPATH}"}
}
]
}
Run in terminal
If I hit the "play" button that appears on the top right of the editor window (when a python file is the active tab), it will not work. This runs the current file in a terminal, which doesn't pay attention to launch.json at all. To make that work, you have to define PYTHONPATH in a settings.json file, by adding this:
"terminal.integrated.env.osx": {"PYTHONPATH": "${workspaceFolder}"}
(Note there are different values for each platform.) If you've selected a python interpreter (e.g. from a virtual environment), you will already have a settings.json file in the .vscode directory. Mine looks like this:
{
"python.pythonPath": "/Users/me/project/venv/bin/python3",
"terminal.integrated.env.osx": {"PYTHONPATH": "${workspaceFolder}"}
}
You can't append or insert values into the inherited PYTHONPATH via the settings.json file. It will only take one string, and it will not parse separators. So even though you could get the value using ${env:PYTHONPATH}, you won't be able to do anything with it.
Moreover, you can't set the current working directory. Even though it would seem you could set it with "terminal.integrated.cwd": "${workspaceFolder}", it doesn't work. So if any of your scripts do anything with paths relative to their location in the tree, they won't work. The working directory will be your project root.
Note that any changes to the settings.json file will require that you exit the integrated terminal and restart it.
Linting
Nothing I do to launch.json regarding PYTHONPATH makes any difference to pylint, which will red-underline from modules import mod, despite the fact I can put the cursor on mod, hit F12, and the file opens. Snooping around linting settings, the defaults for mypy include --ignore-missing-imports. To replicate this behavior with pylint, add this to your settings.json:
"python.linting.pylintArgs": [
"--disable=F0401"
]
Shame that we just have to work around this, but the autocomplete helps a lot when writing the import statements to begin with.
Conclusion
There are many layers to VSCode and it's hard to get things to work together. It seems multiple environments are floating around. In the end:
I cannot "run in terminal" because I can't set the current working directory to be the path containing the current file.
I cannot set PYTHONPATH for pylint as that runs in some environment different than the integrated terminal and whatever is controlled by launch.json, so I can only tell pylint to ignore import errors.
Running with F5 works if you set PYTHONPATH either via an .env file or in launch.json
This question deserves an upvote because the documentation is missing some important details.
Example
Suppose your project layout is like this
myproject/
.vscode/
settings.json
.env
src/
a_module.py
tests/
test_a.py
Open the settings.json fie and insert these lines
"terminal.integrated.env.windows": {
"PYTHONPATH": "${workspaceFolder}/src;${workspaceFolder}/tests"
},
"python.envFile": "${workspaceFolder}/.env",
Note that ${workspaceFolder} evaluates to myproject, it is not to the .vscode folder.
In the .env file enter this
WORKSPACE_FOLDER=C:/full/path/to/myproject
PYTHONPATH=${WORKSPACE_FOLDER}/src;${WORKSPACE_FOLDER}/tests
Note that on Windows the slashes in the path lean forward, like so /. Different paths are separated with a ; (on other platforms with a :).
This blog was helpful.
OP seemed to have asked about path syntax for the .env file and the vscode set up so that it finds and reads some custom module files. My problem was similar in that I wanted code to find my custom modules for import in a script. I did not want to put my custom modules in a folder inside my python environment. I also wanted to avoid setting one or more paths as PYTHONPATH for the User Variables in the Windows Environment Variables - but this will work if you want to do it.
I am working in vscode in Windows 10.
1) SYNTAX:
a) I found that the following path syntax works in the env file:
PYTHONPATH = C:/0APPS/PYTHON/_MODULES
My .py module files are in this folder.
b) # works for comments in the .env file.
2) VSCODE SET-UP: I found that the following works:
a) Like sunew said at #2 My setup: Use the Explorer in vscode to open at your selected project workspace folder. For me that is Q:\420 PYTHON
b) Give the env file a name, like vscode.env file and place it in that folder at the top level of the workspace.
c) Open vscode settings and search .env where under the Extensions > Python you will find "Python: env file". Edit the box to add your env file name just before .env.
e.g. ${workspaceFolder}/vscode.env
d) import custom_modulename now work for me - in the python interactive window and in a script.
Setting PYTHONPATH in .env works for me.
Note that the effect just is for vscode and the tools it runs, such as pylint.
My situation:
I have a project that is not a pip installable package, but simply a source folder. (For historical reasons...)
myproject/src
The project has dependencies defined in a pip requires file.
My setup:
I create a virtualenv, and install the packages from the requires file.
I open vscode in the folder myproject - so this becomes the root of the vscode "project".
I point vscode to use the virtualenv as the python interpreter. This will make imports of dependencies installed with pip work. (For linters, intellisense, etc)
To also make imports from my project source work for the linters (pylint especially) in vscode, I add a .env with this content, adding my project source folder to the PYTHONPATH:
PYTHONPATH=./src:${PYTHONPATH}
For tools like Pyright you can edit python.analysis.extraPaths in the workspace settings.json.
Example:
{
...
"python.analysis.extraPaths": [
"src/apps",
"src/override_apps"
],
...
// next lines can be different
"python.linting.enabled": true,
"python.linting.pylintEnabled": true,
"python.linting.mypyEnabled": false,
"python.pythonPath": "environment/bin/python",
...
}
Linux user here. I had trouble getting it to work and there is a lot of interaction with other vscode Python extension settings, but the following worked for me:
Close all workspaces.
Add a single folder that you wish to be the root folder of your new workspace.
Put your .env file there containing PYTHONPATH=/path/to/a:/path/to/b on a single line by itself. Do not use double quotes around the value.
Restart vscode
Create a test.py script that imports a package or module within your folder
vscode should allow your import statement, and should autocomplete to code within your folder.
Edit settings.json in your vs code workspace folder
{
"python.pythonPath": "*python package path*",
"terminal.integrated.env.windows": {
"PYTHONPATH": "${workspaceFolder}/*sub folder*;*python package path*"
},
"python.defaultInterpreterPath": "*path to python exe*",
"python.analysis.extraPaths": [
"*python package path*",
"*python package path*"
],
"python.autoComplete.extraPaths": [
"*python package path*",
"*python package path*"
]}
Works good!
I also had a similar issue where I was using the vs-code on a remote server over ssh, the server had multiple user-accounts so the typical ubuntu python path did not work for me.
The easiest way, I have found for doing debugging was to first find out my own python install location using "which python". The output would be something like "/home/user_name/anaconda3/bin/python".
Then in vs-code, I manually set the python interpreter location to be the above location. I did this by clicking on the python tab on the bottom of vs code. like the Python 3.8.5 64-bit in this picture.
This will open the command pallete asking for the location of python interpreter, as shown in this image. manually put the location of python install here.
After doing all these steps, my python debugging is working smoothly.
Running VSCode 1.6.2, with Python extension v2021.10.1365161279 on Windows 10.
Debugging works based on the env file, I used the default file .env:
PYTHONPATH=<full_path_to_the_workspace_folder>
Running works based on the .vscode/settings.json file with such a setting
"terminal.integrated.env.windows": {"PYTHONPATH": "<full_path_to_the_workspace_folder>"}
just that I found I needed to disable+reload+enable the extension if I changed the path.
Two other issues that I spent a long time figuring out (despite the great answers above) which may help others:
Make sure that you have configured VS Code to allow terminal
configurations to amend your shell settings (via Manage Workspace
Shell Permissions (see
https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/editor/integrated-terminal#_configuration). Otherwise VS Code silently ignores your
terminal.integrated.env.{platform} settings.
Pylint will only search for other modules in the worspace directory if the module from which it is launched is in a folder which is a package (ie has _init_.py file) (See https://docs.pylint.org/en/1.6.0/run.html) meaning that pylint will continue to highlight import errors despite the code running properly due to the VS Code launch.json configured as above.
These are 3 different ways to solve the issue :
1/ Editing PYTHONPATH :
export PYTHONPATH=/Users/.../Projects/MyNewProject/src
python3 myfile.py to run the file
2/ Editing VSCode settings :
add "terminal.integrated.env.osx": {"PYTHONPATH": "${workspaceFolder}/src"} to settings.json in VScode
3/ Adding a setup.py file to your src/ directory.
create the file src/setup.py
from setuptools import find_packages, setup
setup(
name="sample",
description="Sample Python Project",
packages=find_packages(),
)
run python -m pip install -e ./src/ to install all modules in src/ as packages
After for reasons unknown my .venv/Lib/site-packages/.pth solution failed, as well as my subsequent .vscode\settings.json one, and an .env didn't work on my Windows 10*, I settled for the environment-independent way to import ./src/lib.py in ./test/test_lib.py:
import os, sys
sys.path.append(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), '../src'))
from lib import foo
That also works in non-IDE terminals, and VS Code's pycodestyle still complains when I forget an extra newline between functions.
*: VS Code 1.70.0 release note:
Loading environment variables from .env files
A number of fixes have been made to loading environment variables from
.env files, including detecting changes to the .env files. Python
kernels will now load environment variables from the file defined in
the setting python.envFile.
Using VS Code, a pip virtual env, you can put at the end of the .venv/bin/activate file:
export PYTHONPATH="${PYTHONPATH}:/path/to/your/package"
package -> module1 -> abc.py and you can use: import module.abc etc.
I would like to optimize my typescript code by running some commands (e.g. resolve.organizeImports that comes with TS Hero plugin) in all of my typescript (.ts) files.
Doing this file by file can be quite tiresome and time consuming. Is there an easy way of doing this sort of 'bulk' execute?
I have written the extension Command on All Files. It is a modification of the extension Format All Files in Workspace by Alex Ross.
You can configure multiple commands that you want to run on all files and configure to which files it should apply. You can override the includeFileExtensions and excludeFolders setting per command.
If you use multi-command by ryuta46 you can create a sequence of commands that you want to apply to each file. (Why recreate what already is implemented) For an example see the extension page.
For the organizeImports from the TS Hero plugin you can have this configuration
settings.json
"commandOnAllFiles.commands": {
"TS Hero: Organize Imports": {
"command": "typescriptHero.imports.organize",
"includeFileExtensions": [".ts"]
}
}
keybindings.json
{
"key": "ctrl+i o", // or any other key combo
"command": "commandOnAllFiles.applyOnWorkspace",
"args": ["TS Hero: Organize Imports"]
}
For version 0.1.0 of the extension only the method of the keybinding is implemented to supply the argument to the commandOnAllFiles.applyOnWorkspace command. In the next release it can be done from the Command Palette.
With Visual Studio Code (not the traditional Visual Studio IDEs), can you run PowerShell in the Command Palette? I ask because I commonly use it in the full IDE.
I have not seen PowerShell mentioned in the documentation, other than for basic syntax highlighting. I have tried it with no success. Is it unsupported, or is it an optional feature I can configure somehow?
Note: to those voting up the PowerGUI answer, it is not correct as it references the wrong edition of Visual Studio for this question. It is helpful if you are using the full IDE, but not the new editor named: Code.
This was the first problem I wanted to solve in VSCode. I did not find a way to
type PowerShell commands but I have found a way to create and run PowerShell tasks.
In the command palette type and choose Tasks: Configure Task Runner. It will
show you a json file configured for the default task runner.
I replaced the content with this
{
"version": "0.1.0",
"command": "PowerShell.exe",
"isShellCommand": true,
"args": [
"-NoProfile",
"Invoke-Build.ps1"
],
"tasks": [
{
"taskName": "Build",
"isBuildCommand": true,
"showOutput": "always"
},
{
"taskName": "Test",
"isTestCommand": true,
"showOutput": "always"
},
{
"taskName": "Build, Test",
"showOutput": "always"
}
]
}
As a result in the command palette I can choose and run my predefined tasks (Build, Test, and combined Build, Test). I can add other tasks and probably bind them to some hotkeys. This is not exactly what I would like to have in VSCode for PowerShell but for the preview it is at least something.
P.S. This just my first experiment that somewhat worked. It is not perfect, more likely. There are many configuration parameters for this json file that I have not tried yet.
With version 0.10.1 of Visual Studio Code, you can run and debug PowerShell. Here is a sample launch.json that I use:
{
"version": "0.2.0",
"configurations": [
{
"name": "PowerShell",
"type": "PowerShell",
"program": "MyScript.ps1",
"args": "-Verbose"
}
]
}
Unfortunately, I cannot get the args to work (for more details, see: https://github.com/PowerShell/vscode-powershell/issues/24). Another problem I have is that Read-Host does not work with VS Code (for more details, see: https://github.com/PowerShell/vscode-powershell/issues/29). Definitely some rough edges.
Here's how you can configure the Powershell task to execute the currently opened .ps1 file without any Invoke-Build dependency:
{
"version": "0.1.0",
"command": "PowerShell.exe",
"isShellCommand": true,
"args": [
"${file}"
],
"tasks": [
{
"taskName": "Build",
"isBuildCommand": true,
"showOutput": "always"
},
{
"taskName": "Test",
"isTestCommand": true,
"showOutput": "always"
},
{
"taskName": "Build, Test",
"showOutput": "always"
}
]
}
Note: This is just a slight modification of Roman's answer (My edit to his answer was rejected).
Open the Debug view, in the View Bar select Debug from the View menu or press Ctrl + Shift + D.
In the Launch Configuration dropdown (shown in the following screenshot), select Add Configuration...
The launch.json configuration will open in the editor, type PowerShell and select the debug configurations you want, as shown in the following screenshot.
Save the launch.json file and select the debug configuration you want from the Launch Configuration dropdown:
Now you can debug PowerShell scripts through VSCode.
The Scripting Guys wrote a comprehensive 2 part blog post on this topic, like everything else they write, it's well worth a read if you're new to VSCode and PowerShell.
https://blogs.technet.microsoft.com/heyscriptingguy/2017/02/06/debugging-powershell-script-in-visual-studio-code-part-1/
https://blogs.technet.microsoft.com/heyscriptingguy/2017/02/13/debugging-powershell-script-in-visual-studio-code-part-2/
EDIT: I am aware that this question is several years old, but I came across it before I found any up to date information on how to set up PowerShell debugging in VSCode
As of version 0.10.3 there is now a PowerShell extension written by Microsoft that will enable writing PowerShell with IntelliSense and highlighting in Visual Studio Code
http://blogs.msdn.com/b/powershell/archive/2015/11/17/announcing-windows-powershell-for-visual-studio-code-and-more.aspx
At least in V1.4 (July 2016) this has been made a lot simpler.
The relevant documentation can be found here:
https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/editor/integrated-terminal
Essentially all you're doing is adding an entry to the settings.json file for User Settings.
Adding the following value:
// 64-bit PowerShell if available, otherwise 32-bit
"terminal.integrated.shell.windows":"C:\\Windows\\sysnative\\WindowsPowerShell\\v1.0\\powershell.exe"
IMG: Shows the User Settings settings.json file and the successful Integrated Console showing the PowerShell prompt:
An "Integrated Terminal" is now integrated into Visual Studio Code. This is a PowerShell Terminal in Windows. (Likely BASH in Linux / MacOS). The terminal appears in a panel at the bottom of the code editor, not in the Command Pallete.
Keyboard Shortcut to open Terminal: CTRL + `
Sources:
https://code.visualstudio.com/shortcuts/keyboard-shortcuts-windows.pdf
https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/getstarted/keybindings
I confirmed in version 1.19.2. Not sure when the feature was first integrated.
There is a much easier way to run PowerShell, no configuration needed:
Install the Code Runner Extension
Open the PowerShell code file in Text Editor, then use shortcut Ctrl+Alt+N, or press F1 and then select/type Run Code, or right click the Text Editor and then click Run Code in context menu, the code will run and the output will be shown in the Output Window.
Besides, you could select part of the PowerShell code and run the code snippet. Very convenient!
PowerGUI tool provides a nice interface to Visual Studio. The goal of this extension is to bring PowerShell development into Visual Studio.
Here is how it looks -
Along with IntelliSense, the PowerGUI Visual Studio Extension provides the following features and more to make it easier to work with PowerShell.
PowerShell file and project types: You can create/edit PowerShell code files and assemble them into projects with more than one file.
PowerShell code snippets: The code snippet feature can be used for PowerShell code.
PowerShell console window: This feature provides the PowerShell console environment within Visual Studio IDE. This allows you to run commands or view output of scripts. Figure B shows the console window opened in the IDE.
PowerShell debugging: This feature is why I installed the extension; it provides a way to debug scripts within Visual Studio. It's a straight-forward way to locate syntax or logical problems in a script.
Syntax highlighting and script analysis: These are more Visual Studio features made available to PowerShell development.
In order to install the PowerGUI Visual Studio Extension, PowerGUI must be installed, with the caveat that the correct version of each product is installed.
Download Here
It also provides Debugging facility which is the best part I like as a developer.
Thanks!