I am trying to create a role in Azure PostgreSQL that is allowed to bypass row level security so I can run backups which do not fail when row level security is enabled for all users apart from my backup user:
ALTER TABLE jobschedule.jobs ENABLE ROW LEVEL SECURITY;
ALTER TABLE jobschedule.jobs FORCE ROW LEVEL SECURITY;
When I try and assign the role using the admin supplied by Azure I get the following error message:
ALTER ROLE srvdevadmin BYPASSRLS;
ERROR: must be superuser to change bypassrls attribute
I checked the privileges and it seems that it is not possible in Azure PostgreSQL to assign superuser to a user. Any ideas how I can assign BYPASSRLS to users?
As an update to any one who is trying to do this, I contacted Azure support and they confirmed at the present time it is not possible in Azure PostgreSQL to assign BYPASSRLS to a role and the product team has no plans to implement this.
https://feedback.azure.com/forums/597976-azure-database-for-postgresql/suggestions/34044541-enable-the-ability-to-assign-bypassrls-to-postgres
I created a suggestion on their feedback site so if you would like this functionality it is probably worth up-voting it.
Related
I'd like to have query logging on for one specific role only. But it doesn't seem to be possible to turn it on with the powers of cloudsqlsuperuser role that the default postgres user has:
postgres=> ALTER ROLE my_log_role SET log_statement = 'all';
ERROR: permission denied to set parameter "log_statement"
Turning log_statement on for the entire instance is doable through Cloud SQL tools, but can this be done for select role(s) instead of all of them in a managed PostgreSQL?
Only superusers can change this setting. (https://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.5/runtime-config-logging.html#GUC-LOG-STATEMENT)
check if cloudsqlsuperuser is a superusers running "show is_superuser;"
Superuser restrictions
https://cloud.google.com/sql/docs/postgres/users#superuser_restrictions
As Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL is a managed service, the "superuser" access is not provided, which is required to run the below command:
postgres=> ALTER ROLE my_log_role SET log_statement = 'all';
However,
Although you can't create database users with superuser privileges, you can create database users with the cloudsqlsuperuser role which has some of those privileges
If this is a blocker, you may consider hosting PostgreSQL on a Google Compute Engine (GCE) instance, where you will have full control.
Context
In our application we have multiple tablespace, basically for allocating different sizes.
We are evaluating to deploy our application in Azure Database for PostgreSQL server.
Problem
While trying to create a table space we got the error
ERROR: permission denied to create tablespace "tec_large"
HINT: Must be a superuser to create a tablespace
On search we got to this information , which basically says
the server admin account is not part of the azure_superuser role. Since this service is a managed PaaS service, only Microsoft is part of the super user role.
Can someone please give a hint on this. Is this a no solution limitation of the Azure offer. Or Is there any possibility to hack around.
We have a production postgres database which is accessible by all team members.
We use pgadmin to administer the database.
For safety reasons, I am willing to make the database readonly. So that, only data can be viewed and cannot be modified
(blocking any update operation to the database).
If any database update is required, then I can make the database to readwrite mode, make the modification
and change to readonly again.
There are ROLES AND PRIVILEGES options which can be used for achieving this functionality.
But I am wondering if there is any Pgadmin UI options for making the database readonly.
Thanks in advance.
Why don't you use Roles and Privileges ??
create multiple users
master_user
readonly_user
etc
Once you have users created, you can grant access on database/ schema or even table level.
Share the readonly user with the team and keep the master user for admins / applications etc
More info on postgres roles and privileges: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/user-manag.html
I am trying to run SET session_replication_role = 'replica'; in a GCP Cloud SQL Postgres 9.6 instance, however I'm encountering this error ERROR: permission denied to set parameter "session_replication_role" even if the postgres user is a cloudsql admin user. Do I have to spin up my own self managed instance to solve the problem or is there a way around it?
Unfortunately, it is not connected with the service is in Beta or not, you can't set session_replication_role in GCP Cloud SQL.
You need to have superuser privileges to do that operation, but GCP Cloud only allows to cloudsqlsuperuser privileges. It's features as follows:
When you create a new Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL instance, the default postgres user is already created for you, though you must set its password.
The postgres user is part of the cloudsqlsuperuser role, and has the following attributes (privileges): CREATEROLE, CREATEDB, and LOGIN. It does not have the SUPERUSER or REPLICATION attributes.
You can find much more information in this blog post.
From what I was looking at, since the service is currently in Beta, there are still some features that are not available, such as that. Therefore we would need to wait a bit more for Google to realease the final version of their product.
We also encountered same issue . This is because postgres user does not have Replication permission.
To resolve this issue:
a) Login with postgres user
b) Since postgres user has Create role permission. Now create a new user with below command:
CREATE USER <YOUR_USER> WITH PASSWORD '<YOUR_PASSWORD>' CREATEDB CREATEROLE REPLICATION IN GROUP cloudsqlsuperuser;
replace <YOUR_USER> with your user name and <YOUR_PASSWORD> with password.
c) Login with newly created user and run
SET session_replication_role = 'replica';
if you see response SET then you are good to go
I'm not a DBA and I have got some questions around access controls for schemas. Let's say I have a Postgres server running a several databases. The admin user is postgres. I have another user tmpUser with which I could log in to the remote server using pgadmin3 client.
I now create a database called myDatabase which is by default owned by the postgres user. I then use my admin client to remotely log in to this myDatabase using the tmpUser account.
I now create a new schema inside this myDatabase called myDbSchema. I created a new role called myDbRole and did a grant usage, grant all on myDatabase, myDbSchema to the myDbRole.
The question now is how should I control access to this myDatabase. I tried to log in to the remote server using the tmpUser and when I tried to execute select * from myTable where myTable is a table in myDatabase, it came back with a permission denied sql message. So I changed the owner of the table to the tmpUser which I really do not want to!
Is there a guide or something on how I should go about creating and organizing roles with schemas in postgres?
It is not entirely clear what your problem is (for instance, what is role "myDbRole" for, is that a group role (NOLOGIN) or a user role (LOGIN)?) but in general you could follow this pattern of permission management:
Create a specific role to own a database and all or most of the objects in it. This should be a group role (NOLOGIN) for security reasons. Do not use the postgres user; if you need to login as that role often to do regular database work, you are doing something wrong. Any superuser (or other user role that has that role granted to it) can "impersonate" that owner role using SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION to do necessary maintenance. In a production environment this should be hardly ever necessary; during development you might want to consider making the role with LOGIN permission for ease of use.
The owner creates all the schemas, tables, views, functions, etc. that you need for your application. By default, all of those objects are only available to the database owner, with the exception of functions.
Define a number of group role profiles, each having specific requirements of the database. You could have, for instance sales_staff, product_managers, accounting and senior_management for a company, or web_user, web_admin, app_developer and app_manager for a web site. The database owner then GRANTs access to the database (CONNECT), schemas (USAGE), tables, views and functions (EXECUTE), as needed. I usually REVOKE ALL ON FUNCTION x() TO public, for security reasons.
Assign group role membership to user roles, as needed: GRANT sales_staff TO jane. The user roles should have LOGIN INHERIT such that they can log in and inherit the permission of group roles that they are a member of. That includes the permission to connect to a database and usage rights on schemas. Note that a single user role can have membership in multiple group roles.
Lastly, update your pg_hba.conf file to enable remote access to the database.