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Escaping forward slashes in sed command [duplicate]
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Closed 4 years ago.
I want to replace special character "/" with a special character "*" using sed command.
EXAMPLE-
I / YOU.
I * YOU.
As detailed in the comment Escaping forward slashes in sed command
You can use instead of
sed "s/target/replacement/" file
either
sed "s|target|replacement|" file
or
sed "s#target#replacement#" file
Command:
$ echo "I / YOU." | sed 's#/#*#'
I * YOU.
More generally when looking at the sed accepted syntax:
sed
[2addr] s/BRE/replacement/flags
Substitute the replacement string for instances of the BRE in the
pattern space. Any character other than backslash or newline can be
used instead of a slash to delimit the BRE and the replacement. Within
the BRE and the replacement, the BRE delimiter itself can be used as a
literal character if it is preceded by a backslash.
You can also go for another approach in which you do not change the separators but you use the hexadecimal value of the character you want to replace, this will also avoid ambiguity. (http://www.asciitable.com/)
$ echo "I / YOU." | sed 's/\x2F/*/'
I * YOU.
Related
I am using sed in a shell script to edit filesystem path names. Suppose I want to replace
/foo/bar
with
/baz/qux
However, sed's s/// command uses the forward slash / as the delimiter. If I do that, I see an error message emitted, like:
▶ sed 's//foo/bar//baz/qux//' FILE
sed: 1: "s//foo/bar//baz/qux//": bad flag in substitute command: 'b'
Similarly, sometimes I want to select line ranges, such as the lines between a pattern foo/bar and baz/qux. Again, I can't do this:
▶ sed '/foo/bar/,/baz/qux/d' FILE
sed: 1: "/foo/bar/,/baz/qux/d": undefined label 'ar/,/baz/qux/d'
What can I do?
You can use an alternative regex delimiter as a search pattern by backslashing it:
sed '\,some/path,d'
And just use it as is for the s command:
sed 's,some/path,other/path,'
You probably want to protect other metacharacters, though; this is a good place to use Perl and quotemeta, or equivalents in other scripting languages.
From man sed:
/regexp/
Match lines matching the regular expression regexp.
\cregexpc
Match lines matching the regular expression regexp. The c may be any character other than backslash or newline.
s/regular expression/replacement/flags
Substitute the replacement string for the first instance of the regular expression in the pattern space. Any character other than backslash or newline can be used instead of a slash to delimit the RE and the replacement. Within the RE and the replacement, the RE delimiter itself can be used as a literal character if it is preceded by a backslash.
Perhaps the closest to a standard, the POSIX/IEEE Open Group Base Specification says:
[2addr] s/BRE/replacement/flags
Substitute the replacement string for instances of the BRE in the
pattern space. Any character other than backslash or newline can
be used instead of a slash to delimit the BRE and the replacement.
Within the BRE and the replacement, the BRE delimiter itself can be
used as a literal character if it is preceded by a backslash."
When there is a slash / in theoriginal-string or the replacement-string, we need to escape it using \. The following command is work in ubuntu 16.04(sed 4.2.2).
sed 's/\/foo\/bar/\/baz\/qux/' file
I am using sed in a shell script to edit filesystem path names. Suppose I want to replace
/foo/bar
with
/baz/qux
However, sed's s/// command uses the forward slash / as the delimiter. If I do that, I see an error message emitted, like:
▶ sed 's//foo/bar//baz/qux//' FILE
sed: 1: "s//foo/bar//baz/qux//": bad flag in substitute command: 'b'
Similarly, sometimes I want to select line ranges, such as the lines between a pattern foo/bar and baz/qux. Again, I can't do this:
▶ sed '/foo/bar/,/baz/qux/d' FILE
sed: 1: "/foo/bar/,/baz/qux/d": undefined label 'ar/,/baz/qux/d'
What can I do?
You can use an alternative regex delimiter as a search pattern by backslashing it:
sed '\,some/path,d'
And just use it as is for the s command:
sed 's,some/path,other/path,'
You probably want to protect other metacharacters, though; this is a good place to use Perl and quotemeta, or equivalents in other scripting languages.
From man sed:
/regexp/
Match lines matching the regular expression regexp.
\cregexpc
Match lines matching the regular expression regexp. The c may be any character other than backslash or newline.
s/regular expression/replacement/flags
Substitute the replacement string for the first instance of the regular expression in the pattern space. Any character other than backslash or newline can be used instead of a slash to delimit the RE and the replacement. Within the RE and the replacement, the RE delimiter itself can be used as a literal character if it is preceded by a backslash.
Perhaps the closest to a standard, the POSIX/IEEE Open Group Base Specification says:
[2addr] s/BRE/replacement/flags
Substitute the replacement string for instances of the BRE in the
pattern space. Any character other than backslash or newline can
be used instead of a slash to delimit the BRE and the replacement.
Within the BRE and the replacement, the BRE delimiter itself can be
used as a literal character if it is preceded by a backslash."
When there is a slash / in theoriginal-string or the replacement-string, we need to escape it using \. The following command is work in ubuntu 16.04(sed 4.2.2).
sed 's/\/foo\/bar/\/baz\/qux/' file
I am trying to understand what this below command does with -e in sed and exclamatory marks in the command,
sed -e "s!VPC_CIDR!"$(get_cluster_vpc_cidr)"!g" "templates/network-policies-${ns}.yaml"
This command helped to replace VPC_CIDR with 1.2.3.4\16.
Could someone through light on this please?
-e option just tells sed that the next argument is the script to execute. "s!VPC_CIDR!"$(get_cluster_vpc_cidr)"!g" is the script.
The " usage is strange. I would just "s!VPC_CIDR!$(get_cluster_vpc_cidr)!g". Because $(get_cluster_vpc_cidr) is not within " quotes, the result will undergo word splitting and filename expansion. Ie. it will fail on spaces and * or ? characters may work strangely.
The "s!VPC_CIDR!"$(get_cluster_vpc_cidr)"!g" is a sed script. The s command does, from man 1 sed:
s/regexp/replacement/
Attempt to match regexp against the pattern space. If successful, replace that portion matched with replacement. The replacement may con‐
tain the special character & to refer to that portion of the pattern space which matched, and the special escapes \1 through \9 to refer to
the corresponding matching sub-expressions in the regexp.
But you think - och ! is not /! But, as man 1 sed tells us This is just a brief synopsis of sed commands to serve as a reminder to those who already know sed. The POSIX sed or man 7 sed page will shed some more light:
[2addr]s/BRE/replacement/flags
Substitute the replacement string for instances of the BRE in the pattern space. Any character other than <backslash> or <newline> can be used instead of a to delimit the BRE and the replacement. Within the BRE and the replacement, the BRE delimiter itself can be used as a literal character if it is preceded by a <backslash>.
Any character. You can evey pass byte 0x01, like sed $'s\x01BRE\x01replacement\x01' and it's a valid script.
So s!VPC_CIDR!$(get_cluster_vpc_cidr)!g command replaces every occurence (ie. the g global flag) of the VPC_CIDR string (the string is literal, there are no special regex expressions there) for the output of $(get_cluster_vpc_cidr) (except that & and \1 and such are interpreted specially in replacement part).
I am using sed in a shell script to edit filesystem path names. Suppose I want to replace
/foo/bar
with
/baz/qux
However, sed's s/// command uses the forward slash / as the delimiter. If I do that, I see an error message emitted, like:
▶ sed 's//foo/bar//baz/qux//' FILE
sed: 1: "s//foo/bar//baz/qux//": bad flag in substitute command: 'b'
Similarly, sometimes I want to select line ranges, such as the lines between a pattern foo/bar and baz/qux. Again, I can't do this:
▶ sed '/foo/bar/,/baz/qux/d' FILE
sed: 1: "/foo/bar/,/baz/qux/d": undefined label 'ar/,/baz/qux/d'
What can I do?
You can use an alternative regex delimiter as a search pattern by backslashing it:
sed '\,some/path,d'
And just use it as is for the s command:
sed 's,some/path,other/path,'
You probably want to protect other metacharacters, though; this is a good place to use Perl and quotemeta, or equivalents in other scripting languages.
From man sed:
/regexp/
Match lines matching the regular expression regexp.
\cregexpc
Match lines matching the regular expression regexp. The c may be any character other than backslash or newline.
s/regular expression/replacement/flags
Substitute the replacement string for the first instance of the regular expression in the pattern space. Any character other than backslash or newline can be used instead of a slash to delimit the RE and the replacement. Within the RE and the replacement, the RE delimiter itself can be used as a literal character if it is preceded by a backslash.
Perhaps the closest to a standard, the POSIX/IEEE Open Group Base Specification says:
[2addr] s/BRE/replacement/flags
Substitute the replacement string for instances of the BRE in the
pattern space. Any character other than backslash or newline can
be used instead of a slash to delimit the BRE and the replacement.
Within the BRE and the replacement, the BRE delimiter itself can be
used as a literal character if it is preceded by a backslash."
When there is a slash / in theoriginal-string or the replacement-string, we need to escape it using \. The following command is work in ubuntu 16.04(sed 4.2.2).
sed 's/\/foo\/bar/\/baz\/qux/' file
I am using sed in a shell script to edit filesystem path names. Suppose I want to replace
/foo/bar
with
/baz/qux
However, sed's s/// command uses the forward slash / as the delimiter. If I do that, I see an error message emitted, like:
▶ sed 's//foo/bar//baz/qux//' FILE
sed: 1: "s//foo/bar//baz/qux//": bad flag in substitute command: 'b'
Similarly, sometimes I want to select line ranges, such as the lines between a pattern foo/bar and baz/qux. Again, I can't do this:
▶ sed '/foo/bar/,/baz/qux/d' FILE
sed: 1: "/foo/bar/,/baz/qux/d": undefined label 'ar/,/baz/qux/d'
What can I do?
You can use an alternative regex delimiter as a search pattern by backslashing it:
sed '\,some/path,d'
And just use it as is for the s command:
sed 's,some/path,other/path,'
You probably want to protect other metacharacters, though; this is a good place to use Perl and quotemeta, or equivalents in other scripting languages.
From man sed:
/regexp/
Match lines matching the regular expression regexp.
\cregexpc
Match lines matching the regular expression regexp. The c may be any character other than backslash or newline.
s/regular expression/replacement/flags
Substitute the replacement string for the first instance of the regular expression in the pattern space. Any character other than backslash or newline can be used instead of a slash to delimit the RE and the replacement. Within the RE and the replacement, the RE delimiter itself can be used as a literal character if it is preceded by a backslash.
Perhaps the closest to a standard, the POSIX/IEEE Open Group Base Specification says:
[2addr] s/BRE/replacement/flags
Substitute the replacement string for instances of the BRE in the
pattern space. Any character other than backslash or newline can
be used instead of a slash to delimit the BRE and the replacement.
Within the BRE and the replacement, the BRE delimiter itself can be
used as a literal character if it is preceded by a backslash."
When there is a slash / in theoriginal-string or the replacement-string, we need to escape it using \. The following command is work in ubuntu 16.04(sed 4.2.2).
sed 's/\/foo\/bar/\/baz\/qux/' file