"onBeforeRendering" or "onAfterRendering" is not called every time the view is opened - sapui5

Question

In my UI5 app, I have a view with a table (sap.m.Table), populated by data coming from the back-end at onInit hook. The problem is that onInit is executed only once per view instance:
It is only called once per View instance, unlike the onBeforeRendering and onAfterRendering hooks.
And if a user decides to leave this view (e.g., back navigation) and to reopen it later, the onInit will not be recalled, and thus the data will not be retrieved again, and the table content will not reflect the possible changes.
To ensure that the data are retrieved every time the view is opened, I tried to get the data at onBeforeRendering, but this hook is also called just once. The only way, that I have found, to force onBeforeRendering to be called every time the view is opened, is to add the following code into onInit method:
onInit: function () {
this.getView().addEventDelegate({
onBeforeShow: this.onBeforeShow,
}, this);
}
My questions:
Why, without the code snippet above in onInit, is the onBeforeRendering not triggered every time the view is displayed?
What does exactly the code snippet above do?
The alternative technique: to use patternMatched and routeMatched. But which one of these three approaches is more common?

Answer 1

Why (...) is the onBeforeRendering not triggered every time the view is displayed?
I think there is a misconception of what "rendering" means. In UI5, when a control is "rendering", its corresponding HTML element is being modified or created in the DOM by the RenderManager. I.e. onBeforeRendering means literally "before the render function of the control (here: View) is called".
onBeforeRendering does not mean that it's called before the paint event from the browser (For that, modern browsers provide high-level APIs such as Intersection Observer).
Rendered controls can be in the DOM but not visible in the viewport at the same time.
Coming back to the question; the reason why on*Rendering is not triggered, is because the control has been already rendered before. This can be seen when user navigates via navTo and then back again. The corresponding view element is already in the DOM, so there is no need to call render again, meaning no on*Rendering triggered.
What does the code snippet exactly do?
this.getView().addEventDelegate({
onBeforeShow: this.onBeforeShow,
}, this);
addEventDelegate adds a listener to the events that are fired on the control (not by the control).
E.g.: The view contains events like afterInit, beforeExit, ...
Doing addEventDelegate({onAfterInit}) won't work since afterInit is fired by this control (view).
Doing addEventDelegate({onmouseover}) works since it's fired on this control.
The same applies to the onBeforeShow. The view doesn't contain any events like beforeShow, afterShow, etc.. Those are fired on the view by the NavContainer (e.g. by <App> on its child, view). Documentation about those events can be found in:
API reference: sap.m.NavContainerChild
Topic Events Fired on the Pages
See also a similar question https://stackoverflow.com/questions/44882085/why-does-onbeforefirstshow-work/44882676
The alternative technique: to use patternMatched (...). But which one of these three approaches is more common?
By "three approaches" I assume you mean:
on*Rendering (1st approach),
on*Show (2nd approach),
and the above mentioned routing events like patternMatched (3rd approach).
The answer is, as always, it depends on what you're trying to achieve. But usually, we:
Use the 2nd approach (NavContainerChild events) if the application does not have a routing concept (no sap.ui5/routing in manifest.json).
Use the 2nd approach with onAfterShow if the intent is to set initial focus after the view is displayed. See How to Set Initial Focus in a View?
Use the 3rd approach to get notified about the route pattern being matched. This approach is commonly used to do something every time the view (NavContainerChild) is displayed, for example, to do Context Binding after navigating to a detail page. How it works:
When router.navTo() is called, the next corresponding view and controller are created.
In onInit of the newly created controller, you assign a patternMatched handler.
On navigation, the URL hash value will change. The router (internally the HashChanger) notices the URL change, leading to Route firing patternMatched by which your handler will be invoked. See the TL;DR below.
⚠️ Personal opinion: avoid 1st approach as an application developer. Avoid doing anything in onBeforeRendering and in onAfterRendering since it's unpredictable how often the render function is called from the viewpoint of the application. For control developers, those hooks are absolutely necessary. But for application developers, there are often better alternatives.
TL;DR
Forget on(Before|After)Rendering. Use the (pattern)Matched event from the route instead:
{
// Controller
onInit() {
const myRoute = this.getOwnerComponent().getRouter().getRoute("routeName");
myRoute.attachPatternMatched(this.onMyRoutePatternMatched, this);
},
onMyRoutePatternMatched(event) {
// your code when the view is about to be displayed ..
},
}

Answer 2

You should use
onInit: function() {
let route = this.getOwnerComponent().getRouter().getRoute("yourroutename");
route.attachPatternMatched(this.onRoutePatternMatched, this);
// ...
},
This route event will be triggered every time the route pattern is matched in your routing config. In the above example, the function onRoutePatternMatched will be called every time the route is loaded through navigation.
onRoutePatternMatched: function(event) {
// this logic will repeat itself every time the route pattern is matched
},

Answer 3

Question #3:
patternMatched is going to get hit when your router is matched on the URL or on the router.navTo method.
routeMatched is going to get hit on the same occasion as patternMatched and when its child routes get navigated to.
Imagine, you have a master view on route A and it’s detail on route B. If the user navigates directly to route B, it makes sense to render the target associated to route B and also the target associated to route A.
To conclude:
patternMatched: direct route match
routeMatched:
The pattern of a route in this router.
The pattern of its sub-route.
The pattern of its nested route. When this occurs, the nestedRoute parameter is set with the instance of nested route.

Answer 4

The answers of Boghyon Hoffmann and Bernard are currently the best solution to the problem of needing an event to perform some action when the page is navigated to.
There is an option where it's possible to configure the target of a route to clear the control aggregation and force it to be re-rendered every time it is navigated to. With this configurantion the events onBeforeRendering and onAfterRendering will be called when navigating to the page. However, it is not a recommended solution as it will cause performance issues with the constant re-rendering and it should set to false when working with sap.m.NavContainer or it would cause transitions stop happening and other issues. If you are working on a legacy project that uses sap.ui.ux3.Shell, which is currently deprecated, it is a possible solution.
So to configure this option we need to set the option clearControlAggregation to true in the manifest.json, it is false by default when using sap.m.routing.Router.
In this link you can check all the options you have for the route targets:
https://sapui5.hana.ondemand.com/#/api/sap.ui.core.routing.Targets
"config": {
"routerClass": "sap.ui.core.routing.Router",
"viewPath": "TestApp.view",
"viewType": "XML",
"clearControlAggregation": true,
"controlId": "Main",
"controlAggregation": "pages",
"transition": "slide"
}
It is also possible to add this option only for a specific target like this:
"targets": {
"Test1": {
"viewType": "XML",
"viewName": "Test1",
"clearControlAggregation": true,
"title": "Test1"
},
"Test2": {
"viewType": "XML",
"viewName": "Test2",
"title": "Test2"
}
}