How does JWT DefaultAuthenticateScheme work? - jwt

I am new to JWT and identity servers. Can someone please explain me this code, what these codes means, and how are they connected.
We add authentication here, we are saying that the DefaultAuthenticateScheme from asp.net core will be initialised as the scheme from jwt bearer. What is the difference, and how this things works.
services.AddAuthentication(x =>
{
x.DefaultAuthenticateScheme = JwtBearerDefaults.AuthenticationScheme;
x.DefaultChallengeScheme = JwtBearerDefaults.AuthenticationScheme;
x.DefaultScheme = JwtBearerDefaults.AuthenticationScheme;
}).AddJwtBearer(x => {
x.RequireHttpsMetadata = false;
x.SaveToken = false;
x.TokenValidationParameters = new Microsoft.IdentityModel.Tokens.TokenValidationParameters
{
ValidateIssuerSigningKey = true,
IssuerSigningKey = new SymmetricSecurityKey(key),
ValidateIssuer = false,
ValidateAudience = false,
ClockSkew = TimeSpan.Zero
};
});

There is a very informative article in the official docs.
Check it out:
Authorize with a specific scheme in ASP.NET Core
I hope this helps!

Related

JWT Authentication with Swagger .NET Core 6

I am trying to develop an application. For Authentication I am using JWT Token. I have successfully created token. And using Postman I can authenticated. But Swagger I did whatever I should do but, It doesn't work.
After authenticated as you can see,The lock icon in the upper right is active, but the lock icons on the right of the endpoints do not work.
You can find the code part below:
JWT Authentication Part:
//JwtAuthentication
var tokenOptions = builder.Configuration.GetSection(TokenOptions.OptionSectionName).Get<TokenOptions>();
builder.Services.AddAuthentication(options =>
{
options.DefaultAuthenticateScheme = JwtBearerDefaults.AuthenticationScheme;
options.DefaultChallengeScheme = JwtBearerDefaults.AuthenticationScheme;
options.DefaultScheme = JwtBearerDefaults.AuthenticationScheme;
}).AddJwtBearer(options =>
{
options.SaveToken = true;
options.RequireHttpsMetadata = false;
options.TokenValidationParameters = new Microsoft.IdentityModel.Tokens.TokenValidationParameters()
{
ValidIssuer = tokenOptions.Issuer,
ValidateIssuer = true,
ValidateAudience = false,
ValidateIssuerSigningKey = true,
IssuerSigningKey = SignService.GetSymmetricSecurityKey(tokenOptions.SecurityKey),
ValidateLifetime = true,
ClockSkew = TimeSpan.Zero
};
});
Swagger Gen Section:
{
options.SwaggerDoc("V1",new OpenApiInfo{
Version = "V1",
Title = "Educal API",
Description = "Main API Documantation of Educal API"
});
options.AddSecurityDefinition("Bearer,", new OpenApiSecurityScheme
{
Description = "Please insert your JWT Token into field",
Name = "Authorization",
Type = SecuritySchemeType.ApiKey,
In = ParameterLocation.Header,
Scheme = "Bearer",
BearerFormat = "JWT"
});
options.AddSecurityRequirement(new OpenApiSecurityRequirement{
{
new OpenApiSecurityScheme{
Reference = new OpenApiReference{
Type = ReferenceType.SecurityScheme,
Id = "Bearer"
}
},
new string[]{}
}
});
});
And Finally Swagger and Swagger UI section:
app.UseSwagger();
app.UseSwaggerUI(options => {
options.SwaggerEndpoint("/swagger/V1/swagger.json","Main API Documantation of Educal API");
});
Token is created successfully. When send a request from swagger to an endpoint Authorize tag I realized that swagger don't add to parameter.
For example:
curl -X 'GET' \
'https://localhost:7086/api/Manager/e1433dd0-ad45-456f-97e1-9f074e665feb' \
-H 'accept: */*'
By the way when sending request from Postman with header contains token, I can get to result.
Updated: https://stackoverflow.com/a/62337464/13490329 This answer solved my problem.

www-authenticate: Bearer error="invalid_token" in .NET 6 preview 7

I am using VS2022 Preview 3.1 .NET 6 Preview 7 for Blazor wasm hosted App.
I am getting www-authenticate: Bearer error="invalid_token"
Value being passed is
authorization: Bearer "token value removed 8_03bxo56jY7o70"
Token decodes successfully using
code in program.cs(using .NET 6 mminimal API model)
builder.Services.AddAuthentication(JwtBearerDefaults.AuthenticationScheme).AddJwtBearer(options =>
{
var Issuer = builder.Configuration["Jwt:Issuer"];
var Audience = builder.Configuration["Jwt:Audience"];
var Key = builder.Configuration["Jwt:Key"];
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(Issuer))
Issuer = "MyAppName";
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(Audience))
Audience = "MyAppAudience";
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(Key))
Key = "MyApplicationKey";
// For example only! Don't store your shared keys as strings in code.
// Use environment variables or the .NET Secret Manager instead.
var sharedKey = new SymmetricSecurityKey(
Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("mysupers3cr3tsharedkey!"));
options.TokenValidationParameters = new TokenValidationParameters
{
// Specify the key used to sign the token:
IssuerSigningKey = new SymmetricSecurityKey(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(Key)),
RequireSignedTokens = true,
// Ensure the token hasn't expired:
RequireExpirationTime = true,
ValidateLifetime = true,
// Ensure the token audience matches our audience value (default true):
ValidateAudience = true,
//ValidAudience = "api://default",
ValidAudience = Audience,
// Ensure the token was issued by a trusted authorization server (default true):
ValidateIssuer = true,
//ValidIssuer = "https://{yourOktaDomain}/oauth2/default",
ValidIssuer = Issuer,
ValidateIssuerSigningKey = true,
//https://developer.okta.com/blog/2018/03/23/token-authentication-aspnetcore-complete-guide
};
options.Events = new JwtBearerEvents
{
//https://stackoverflow.com/questions/35586663/how-to-apply-custom-validation-to-jwt-token-on-each-request-for-asp-net-webapi
// OnTokenValidated = AdditionalValidation
//OnTokenValidated = CustomJWTAuthenticationProvider
};
});
towards the bottom
app.UseHttpsRedirection();
app.UseBlazorFrameworkFiles();
app.UseStaticFiles();
app.UseRouting();
app.UseAuthentication();
app.UseAuthorization();
app.UseEndpoints(endpoints =>
{
endpoints.MapRazorPages();
endpoints.MapControllers();
endpoints.MapControllerRoute(
name: "default",
pattern: "{controller=Home}/{action=Index}/{id?}");
endpoints.MapHub<ChatHub>("/chathub");
endpoints.MapFallbackToFile("index.html");
});
The problem was that there was double quote surrounding the token that was being sent in header. I end up in that mix-up because i was upgrading my Blazor client to use Blazored local storage library to write to cookie, but using JSRuntime to read that same cookie.
After using Blazored local storage to both write and read it is working fine

Resolve Authentication problem JWT Bearer for .NET Core API

I use .NET Core 3.1 API and I would like to configure a JWT Bear Token.
I have configured a method which generates a token with a ValidateLifetime of one day.
Then, I put [authorize] on my usercontroller method and I tested all with Postman, by using my token and selecting "Bearer Token as Authorisation method "but I don't know why it doesn't work.
I filled out the token generated previously by my GenerateToken method, I tried to enter only the header part of the jwt token, the header/content/signature of the jwt token but it doesn't work.
Would someone have a video or tutorial explaining how to test the "Bear token" as authentication mode?
//example of generated token :
eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.eyJodHRwOi8vc2NoZW1hcy54bWxzb2FwLm9yZy93cy8yMDA1LzA1L2lkZW50aXR5L2NsYWltcy9uYW1lIjoiYXJ0aHVyIiwiaHR0cDovL3NjaGVtYXMueG1sc29hcC5vcmcvd3MvMjAwNS8wNS9pZGVudGl0eS9jbGFpbXMvbmFtZWlkZW50aWZpZXIiOiIxIiwibmJmIjoiMTYxMDI5OTAzMyIsImV4cCI6IjE2MTAzODU0MzMiLCJodHRwOi8vc2NoZW1hcy5taWNyb3NvZnQuY29tL3dzLzIwMDgvMDYvaWRlbnRpdHkvY2xhaW1zL3JvbGUiOiJBZG1pbiJ9.E9TnS62nv10gNH8U03OPhK_QrGLEotnS7yjHBvh4i0E
{
var claims = new List<Claim>{
new Claim(ClaimTypes.Name , UserNAME),
new Claim(ClaimTypes.NameIdentifier, userId),
new Claim(JwtRegisteredClaimNames.Nbf,new DateTimeOffset(DateTime.Now).ToUnixTimeSeconds().ToString()),
new Claim(JwtRegisteredClaimNames.Exp,new DateTimeOffset(DateTime.Now.AddDays(1)).ToUnixTimeSeconds().ToString())
};
claims.Add(new Claim(ClaimTypes.Role, "Admin"));
var token = new JwtSecurityToken(
new JwtHeader(
new SigningCredentials(
new SymmetricSecurityKey(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(SECRET_KEY)),
SecurityAlgorithms.HmacSha256
)),
new JwtPayload(claims));
var output = new
{
Accces_Token = new JwtSecurityTokenHandler().WriteToken(token),
UserName = UserNAME
};
return output;
}
//this is my authentication services
services.AddAuthentication(options => {
options.DefaultAuthenticateScheme = "jwtBearer";
options.DefaultChallengeScheme = "jwtBearer";
}).AddJwtBearer("jwtBearer", jwtoptions => {
jwtoptions.TokenValidationParameters = new TokenValidationParameters()
{
IssuerSigningKey = SIGNING_KEY,
ValidateIssuer = false,
ValidateAudience = false,
ValidateLifetime = true,
ClockSkew = TimeSpan.FromMinutes(5) };
});
//this is my IApplicationBuilder application configure : {
app.UseAuthentication();
app.UseAuthorization();```}
From the code of generating token, SIGNING_KEY is a string, but IssuerSigningKey is a type of SecurityKey. So in the configuration, it need to be changed.
jwtoptions.TokenValidationParameters = new TokenValidationParameters()
{
IssuerSigningKey = new SymmetricSecurityKey(Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(SIGNING_KEY)),
};
The way you tested token may be not correct. After generating the token, you put it in the request header. Note the Bearer.

Identity Server 3 + ASP.NET Core 2.0 MVC app - Federated single sign-out not including a redirect to ADFS before ending session

My web app is client to an Identity Server 3 STS, which is federated with ADFS for the external IdP. Sign-in works great. Sign-out from the STS is fine. But I have never been able to get IdSrv3 to redirect to ADFS for sign-out prior to ending the IdSrv3 session and ultimately redirecting to the app.
If I understand correctly, I should be able to have ADFS post back to the RP (IdSrv3) after signing out, at which point IdSrv3
Read the docs:
https://identityserver.github.io/Documentation/docsv2/advanced/federated-post-logout-redirect.html
As well as much of the anthology of the GitHub issues surrounding this topic of federated single sign-out.
Tracing through IdSrv3 I never see an attempt to redirect to ADFS for sign-out, so I assume I'm missing configuration here.
Once complexity is that I'm running IdSrv3 however my client apps are ASP.NET Core 2.0 so many of the samples don't cleanly reconcile with the latest Microsoft identity client middleware.
On the IdSrv3, these are (I believe) the relevant configuration components:
Configuration of Additional Identity Providers:
var wsFed = new WsFederationAuthenticationOptions
{
Wtrealm = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["Wtrealm"],
MetadataAddress = metaDataAddress,
AuthenticationType = "ADFS",
Caption = "ACME ADFS",
SignInAsAuthenticationType = signInAsType
};
The IdSrv3 middleware:
coreApp.UseIdentityServer(
new IdentityServerOptions
{
SiteName = "eFactoryPro Identity Server",
SigningCertificate = Cert.Load(),
Factory = factory,
RequireSsl = true,
AuthenticationOptions = new AuthenticationOptions
{
IdentityProviders = ConfigureAdditionalIdentityProviders,
EnablePostSignOutAutoRedirect = true,
EnableSignOutPrompt = false,
EnableAutoCallbackForFederatedSignout = true
},
LoggingOptions = new LoggingOptions
{
EnableHttpLogging = true,
EnableKatanaLogging = true,
//EnableWebApiDiagnostics = true,
//WebApiDiagnosticsIsVerbose = true
}
});
coreApp.Map("/signoutcallback", cleanup =>
{
cleanup.Run(async ctx =>
{
var state = ctx.Request.Cookies["state"];
await ctx.Environment.RenderLoggedOutViewAsync(state);
});
});
});
Now for the Client side, an ASP.NET Core 2.0 MVC application:
Update: See accepted answer - the redirect to IdP for sign-out should have been handled on the IdSrv3 side with respect to redirecting to the external IdP (ADFS)
public static void ConfigureAuth(this IServiceCollection services,
ITicketStore distributedStore,
Options.AuthenticationOptions authOptions)
{
services.AddDataProtection();
services.AddAuthentication(options =>
{
options.DefaultAuthenticateScheme = CookieAuthenticationDefaults.AuthenticationScheme;
options.DefaultSignInScheme = CookieAuthenticationDefaults.AuthenticationScheme;
options.DefaultChallengeScheme = OpenIdConnectDefaults.AuthenticationScheme;
options.DefaultSignOutScheme = CookieAuthenticationDefaults.AuthenticationScheme;
}).AddCookie(options =>
{
options.ExpireTimeSpan = TimeSpan.FromHours(8);
options.SlidingExpiration = true;
options.SessionStore = distributedStore;
})
.AddOpenIdConnect(options =>
{
options.Authority = authOptions.Authority;
options.ClientId = authOptions.ClientId;
options.ClientSecret = authOptions.ClientSecret;
options.ResponseType = "code id_token";
options.Scope.Add("openid");
options.Scope.Add("profile");
options.Scope.Add("roles");
options.Scope.Add("email");
options.Scope.Add("offline_access");
options.RequireHttpsMetadata = false;
options.GetClaimsFromUserInfoEndpoint = true;
options.SaveTokens = true;
options.Events = new OpenIdConnectEvents()
{
OnRedirectToIdentityProviderForSignOut = n =>
{
var idTokenHint = n.ProtocolMessage.IdTokenHint;
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(idTokenHint))
{
var sessionId = n.HttpContext?.Session?.Id;
var signOutRedirectUrl = n.ProtocolMessage.BuildRedirectUrl();
if (sessionId != null)
{
n.HttpContext.Response.Cookies.Append("state", sessionId);
}
n.HttpContext?.Session?.Clear();
n.Response.Redirect(signOutRedirectUrl);
}
return Task.FromResult(0);
}
};
});
}
From the documentation I should be passing the "sign out message id" into that 'state' cookie. However, this extension method doesn't work in ASP.NET Core 2.0 as we don't really have access to OwinContext anymore.
var signOutMessageId = n.OwinContext.Environment.GetSignOutMessageId();
I've even tried instantiating a new OwinContext(n.HttpContext) to get at the environment dictionary - however, the value that the "GetSignOutMessageId()" obtains has a key of "id" which I can't find in the Owin variables.
It seems this cookie is really just necessary to persist state through all of the redirects so that after the PostLogoutUri of my client application is hit, which is currently set to "https://myapp/signout-callback-oidc", the message id can be used to finish cleaning up the session.
I'm also confused as to what role the "EnableAutoCallbackForFederatedSignout = true" setting plays on the IdSrv3 configuration.
From this description and looking at the code it would apear that this just saves me from having to set the "WReply" parameters on the ADFS signout:
https://github.com/IdentityServer/IdentityServer3/issues/2613
I would expect that ADFS would redirect to:
"https://myIdSrv3/core/signoutcallback" automatically if this settings was 'true'.
If anyone has any guidance to share it is much appreciated.
It turns out I was conflating some of the concepts in IdSrv3 that describe Federated Single Sign-Out initiated by the External Idp as opposed to my use case - sign-out initiated by the IdSrv3 client app, cascading "up" to the external IdP.
The root cause of this problem was in my UserService implementation. There I had overriden the "AuthenticateExternalAsync()" method, but did not specify the external identity provider in the AuthenticateResult object.
Here is the corrected implementation:
public override Task AuthenticateExternalAsync(ExternalAuthenticationContext context)
{
...
context.AuthenticateResult = new AuthenticateResult(
user.Id,
user.UserName,
new List<Claim>(),
context.ExternalIdentity.Provider);
return Task.FromResult(0);
}
Once the External Idp was specified in my AuthenticateResult, I was able to handle the WsFederationAuthenticationNotifications.RedirectToIdentityProvider event.
For the sake of completeness, here is my code to handle federated sign-out (client intiatited) from ADFS vis WsFed. It is more or less straight from the IdSrv3 documentation:
Notifications = new WsFederationAuthenticationNotifications()
{
RedirectToIdentityProvider = n =>
{
if (n.ProtocolMessage.IsSignOutMessage)
{
var signOutMessageId = n.OwinContext.Environment.GetSignOutMessageId();
if (signOutMessageId != null)
{
n.OwinContext.Response.Cookies.Append("state", signOutMessageId);
}
var cleanUpUri =
$#"{n.Request.Scheme}://{n.Request.Host}{n.Request.PathBase}/external-signout-cleanup";
n.ProtocolMessage.Wreply = cleanUpUri;
}
return Task.FromResult(0);
}
}
And finally, my /external-signout-cleanup implementation:
coreApp.Map("/external-signout-cleanup", cleanup =>
{
cleanup.Run(async ctx =>
{
var state = ctx.Request.Cookies["state"];
await ctx.Environment.RenderLoggedOutViewAsync(state);
});
});

jwt token multi tenancy

I implemented in my ASP.NET Core project Web API user authorization via token. I create a token at each login and everything seems to work.
My problem is that the app will be multi-tenancy, so I will have many subdomains client-side, e.g.
(Client1.myapp.com, client2.myapp.com, client3.myapp.com)
Server-side my app that manages the bees will accept a parameter that will be the name of the tenant.
Some examples:
apimyapp.com/client1/api/generateToken
apimyapp.com/client2/api/generateToken
apimyapp.com/client3/api/generateToken
Now if I create the token from client1 and I put in a call apimyapp.com/client2/api/users (insert token generated by the client1 in the header, but the call is made for the client2), the token will be validated and the call gets authorized.
Instead, I wish that the token was valid only for the tenant from which it was generated.
In my startup.cs:
app.UseJwtBearerAuthentication(new JwtBearerOptions()
{
AutomaticAuthenticate = true,
AutomaticChallenge = true,
TokenValidationParameters = new TokenValidationParameters()
{
ValidIssuer = _config["Tokens:Issuer"],
ValidAudience = _config["Tokens:Audience"],
ValidateIssuerSigningKey = true,
IssuerSigningKey = new SymmetricSecurityKey(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(_config["Tokens:Key"])),
ValidateLifetime = true
}
});
and in my controller for generation token:
var userClaims = _userManagerRepository.GetClaims(user);
var claims = new[]
{
new Claim(JwtRegisteredClaimNames.Sub, user.UserName),
new Claim(JwtRegisteredClaimNames.Jti, Guid.NewGuid().ToString()),
new Claim(JwtRegisteredClaimNames.GivenName, user.UserName),
new Claim(JwtRegisteredClaimNames.FamilyName, user.UserName),
new Claim(JwtRegisteredClaimNames.Email, user.Email)
}.Union(userClaims);
var key = new SymmetricSecurityKey(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(_config["Tokens:Key"]));
var creds = new SigningCredentials(key, SecurityAlgorithms.HmacSha256);
var token = new JwtSecurityToken(
issuer: _config["Tokens:Issuer"],
audience: _config["Tokens:Audience"],
claims: claims,
expires: DateTime.UtcNow.AddMinutes(90),
signingCredentials: creds
);
You can add a list on keys, Audiences etc like this to the TokenValidationParameters
ValidAudiences = new List<string>
{
"AUDIENCE1",
"AUDIENCE2"
}