#version: ppas 9.2
#pg_hba.conf
local edb,testdb enterprisedb trust
local edb user1 trust
local edb user2 trust
local all all md5
#pg_env.sh
PGDATABASE=edb
When I type psql, I will connect to the edb database as an enterprisedb user without password.
But when I type psql -h / tmp -U enterprisedb -l it asks for a password, which means that -h / tmp connects locally.
Of course, I can run without password psql -h /tmp -U enterprisedb -d edb -l or psql -h /tmp -U enterprisedb -c "\ l" What's the difference?
The question is, what do you get the default value for when you run the psql command?
I want to run psql -h / tmp -U enterprisedb -l command without password.
when you type only "psql" it goes
postgresql database with postgresql user
as default.
And in order to enter psql without password you can go pg_hba.conf and make your ip as trust instead of md5 or else.
Related
I have installed PostgreSQL server in Google Colab as follows :
# Install postgresql server
!apt update > /dev/null
!apt install postgresql > /dev/null
!service postgresql start
and have then configured the 'postgres' userid and database as follows :
# Setup a password `pass` for username `postgres`
!sudo -u postgres psql -U postgres -c "ALTER USER postgres PASSWORD 'pass';"
#
# Setup a database with name `praxis` to be used
!sudo -u postgres psql -U postgres -c 'DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS praxisdb;'
!sudo -u postgres psql -U postgres -c 'CREATE DATABASE praxisdb;'
Subsequently, I have created a table, inserted data and run the select command
!psql -h localhost -p 5432 -Upostgres -W -dpraxisdb -c 'create table dept ... ;'
!psql -h localhost -p 5432 -Upostgres -W -dpraxisdb -c "INSERT INTO Dept ... ;"
!psql -h localhost -p 5432 -Upostgres -W -dpraxisdb -c "select * from dept;"
All this works perfectly but each time, I am prompted to enter the password. I wish to avoid having to enter the password each time. Based on what I read in the documentation on using password files, I created a file ~/.pgpass as follows :
!echo "localhost:5432:praxisdb:postgres:pass" > ~/.pgpass
!chmod 0600 ~/.pgpass
Now, when I execute any command, eg.
!psql -c "select * from dept;"
I get the error
psql: error: FATAL: role "root" does not exist
Where does this role root come from? I looked at the file ~/.pgpass and noted that its owner and group is root and I changed that to postgres using chown, chgrp, but that does not solve the problem. What else should I do in this case to solve the problem.
The version of Postgres and the OS is as follows :
!sudo -u postgres psql -V
psql (PostgreSQL) 12.13 (Ubuntu 12.13-0ubuntu0.20.04.1)
You misunderstand how the password file works. You still have to specify host, port, database and user in your connection request. The client library then searches the matching entry in the password file and reads the password.
I have some .sql files with thousands of INSERT statements in them and need to run these inserts on my PostgreSQL database in order to add them to a table. The files are that large that it is impossible to open them and copy the INSERT statements into an editor window and run them there. I found on the Internet that you can use the following by navigating to the bin folder of your PostgreSQL install:
psql -d myDataBase -a -f myInsertFile
In my case:
psql -d HIGHWAYS -a -f CLUSTER_1000M.sql
I am then asked for a password for my user, but I cannot enter anything and when I hit enter I get this error:
psql: FATAL: password authentication failed for user "myUsername"
Why won't it let me enter a password. Is there a way round this as it is critical that I can run these scripts?
I got around this issue by adding a new entry in my pg_hba.conf file with the following structure:
# IPv6 local connections:
host myDbName myUserName ::1/128 trust
The pg_hba.conf file can usually be found in the 'data' folder of your PostgreSQL install.
Of course, you will get a fatal error for authenticating, because you do not include a user name...
Try this one, it is OK for me :)
psql -U username -d myDataBase -a -f myInsertFile
If the database is remote, use the same command with host
psql -h host -U username -d myDataBase -a -f myInsertFile
You should do it like this:
\i path_to_sql_file
See:
You have four choices to supply a password:
Set the PGPASSWORD environment variable. For details see the manual: http://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/libpq-envars.html
Use a .pgpass file to store the password. For details see the manual: http://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/libpq-pgpass.html
Use "trust authentication" for that specific user: http://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/auth-methods.html#AUTH-TRUST
Since PostgreSQL 9.1 you can also use a connection string: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/libpq-connect.html#LIBPQ-CONNSTRING
Use this to execute *.sql files when the PostgreSQL server is located in a difference place:
psql -h localhost -d userstoreis -U admin -p 5432 -a -q -f /home/jobs/Desktop/resources/postgresql.sql
-h PostgreSQL server IP address
-d database name
-U user name
-p port which PostgreSQL server is listening on
-f path to SQL script
-a all echo
-q quiet
Then you are prompted to enter the password of the user.
EDIT: updated based on the comment provided by #zwacky
If you are logged in into psql on the Linux shell the command is:
\i fileName.sql
for an absolute path and
\ir filename.sql
for the relative path from where you have called psql.
export PGPASSWORD=<password>
psql -h <host> -d <database> -U <user_name> -p <port> -a -w -f <file>.sql
Via the terminal log on to your database and try this:
database-# >#pathof_mysqlfile.sql
or
database-#>-i pathof_mysqlfile.sql
or
database-#>-c pathof_mysqlfile.sql
You can give both user name and PASSSWORD on the command line itself with the "-d" parameter
psql -d "dbname='urDbName' user='yourUserName' password='yourPasswd' host='yourHost'" -f yourFileName.sql
you could even do it in this way:
sudo -u postgres psql -d myDataBase -a -f myInsertFile
If you have sudo access on machine and it's not recommended for production scripts just for test on your own machine it's the easiest way.
2021 Solution
if your PostgreSQL database is on your system locally.
psql dbname < sqldump.sql username
If its hosted online
psql -h hostname dbname < sqldump.sql username
If you have any doubts or questions, please ask them in the comments.
Walk through on how to run an SQL on the command line for PostgreSQL in Linux:
Open a terminal and make sure you can run the psql command:
psql --version
which psql
Mine is version 9.1.6 located in /bin/psql.
Create a plain textfile called mysqlfile.sql
Edit that file, put a single line in there:
select * from mytable;
Run this command on commandline (substituting your username and the name of your database for pgadmin and kurz_prod):
psql -U pgadmin -d kurz_prod -a -f mysqlfile.sql
The following is the result I get on the terminal (I am not prompted for a password):
select * from mytable;
test1
--------
hi
me too
(2 rows)
psql -h localhost -d userstoreis -U admin -p 5432 -a -q -f /home/jobs/Desktop/resources/postgresql.sql
Parameter explanations:
-h PostgreSQL server IP address
-d database name
-U user name
-p port which PostgreSQL server is listening on
-f path to SQL script
-a all echo
-q quiet
You can open a command prompt and run as administrator. Then type
../bin>psql -f c:/...-h localhost -p 5432 -d databasename -U "postgres"
Password for user postgres: will show up.
Type your password and enter. I couldn't see the password what I was typing, but this time when I press enter it worked. Actually I was loading data into the database.
I achived that wrote (located in the directory where my script is)
::someguy#host::$sudo -u user psql -d my_database -a -f file.sql
where -u user is the role who owns the database where I want to execute the script then the psql connects to the psql console after that -d my_database loads me in mydatabase finally -a -f file.sql where -a echo all input from the script and -f execute commands from file.sql into mydatabase, then exit.
I'm using:
psql (PostgreSQL) 10.12
on (Ubuntu 10.12-0ubuntu0.18.04.1)
A small improvement in #wingman__7 's 2021 answer: if your username contains certain characters (an underscore in my case), you need to pass it with the -U flag.
This worked for me:
$ psql -h db.host -d db_name -U my_user < query.sql
Try using the following command in the command line console:
psql -h localhost -U postgres -f restore.sql
I have an installed PostgreSQL database on my Ubuntu and I want to use psql to execute queries in it.
Normally when I use it in the following format, it works fine:
user#ubuntu:~$ sudo -u postgres psql -c "<the query>"
<query response without asking for password>
But when I add the -h 127.0.01 parameters, it asks for password as below:
user#ubuntu:~$ sudo -u postgres psql -h "127.0.0.1" -c "<the query>"
password:I
The question is why? What is the difference? In both cases I am connecting to the same database. How can I prevent asking password?
My older Postgresql servers accepts remote connections.
I'm trying to transfer the database from the old server to a new one. On the new server when logged in as root, I execute the following command
pg_dump -h oldserverip -U mydb -C mydb | psql -h localhost -d mydb -U mydb
I then get prompted with the following
"Password for user mydb: Password: "
Why is it asking for password twice?
and after I input the password, it waits there and nothing happens.
Any idea what the problem is?
Because you are using the -h flag twice, you are being asked for password twice. The second time you are getting asked for the password, there is no prompt because the pipe | is masking it. If you just “trust” that the password prompt is there, and you type in the password, things will proceed.
But that’s probably not what you want to do. If the passwords for both servers are the same, you can do export PGPASSWORD=<password> before issuing your command. If you fee uncomfortable with this, you could use a .pgpass file
Another option is to set PGPASSWORD for both the pg_dump and psql commands, like so:
PGPASSWORD=<password> pg_dump -h oldserverip -U mydb -C mydb | PGPASSWORD=<otherpassword> psql -h localhost -d mydb -U mydb
Finally, if your pg_hba.conf has a local all all trust entry, you can simply omit the -h localhost arg on the psql side, and you’ll only be prompted for a password once.
Take your pick!
Disclosure: I work for EnterpriseDB (EDB)
I have some .sql files with thousands of INSERT statements in them and need to run these inserts on my PostgreSQL database in order to add them to a table. The files are that large that it is impossible to open them and copy the INSERT statements into an editor window and run them there. I found on the Internet that you can use the following by navigating to the bin folder of your PostgreSQL install:
psql -d myDataBase -a -f myInsertFile
In my case:
psql -d HIGHWAYS -a -f CLUSTER_1000M.sql
I am then asked for a password for my user, but I cannot enter anything and when I hit enter I get this error:
psql: FATAL: password authentication failed for user "myUsername"
Why won't it let me enter a password. Is there a way round this as it is critical that I can run these scripts?
I got around this issue by adding a new entry in my pg_hba.conf file with the following structure:
# IPv6 local connections:
host myDbName myUserName ::1/128 trust
The pg_hba.conf file can usually be found in the 'data' folder of your PostgreSQL install.
Of course, you will get a fatal error for authenticating, because you do not include a user name...
Try this one, it is OK for me :)
psql -U username -d myDataBase -a -f myInsertFile
If the database is remote, use the same command with host
psql -h host -U username -d myDataBase -a -f myInsertFile
You should do it like this:
\i path_to_sql_file
See:
You have four choices to supply a password:
Set the PGPASSWORD environment variable. For details see the manual: http://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/libpq-envars.html
Use a .pgpass file to store the password. For details see the manual: http://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/libpq-pgpass.html
Use "trust authentication" for that specific user: http://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/auth-methods.html#AUTH-TRUST
Since PostgreSQL 9.1 you can also use a connection string: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/libpq-connect.html#LIBPQ-CONNSTRING
Use this to execute *.sql files when the PostgreSQL server is located in a difference place:
psql -h localhost -d userstoreis -U admin -p 5432 -a -q -f /home/jobs/Desktop/resources/postgresql.sql
-h PostgreSQL server IP address
-d database name
-U user name
-p port which PostgreSQL server is listening on
-f path to SQL script
-a all echo
-q quiet
Then you are prompted to enter the password of the user.
EDIT: updated based on the comment provided by #zwacky
If you are logged in into psql on the Linux shell the command is:
\i fileName.sql
for an absolute path and
\ir filename.sql
for the relative path from where you have called psql.
export PGPASSWORD=<password>
psql -h <host> -d <database> -U <user_name> -p <port> -a -w -f <file>.sql
Via the terminal log on to your database and try this:
database-# >#pathof_mysqlfile.sql
or
database-#>-i pathof_mysqlfile.sql
or
database-#>-c pathof_mysqlfile.sql
You can give both user name and PASSSWORD on the command line itself with the "-d" parameter
psql -d "dbname='urDbName' user='yourUserName' password='yourPasswd' host='yourHost'" -f yourFileName.sql
you could even do it in this way:
sudo -u postgres psql -d myDataBase -a -f myInsertFile
If you have sudo access on machine and it's not recommended for production scripts just for test on your own machine it's the easiest way.
2021 Solution
if your PostgreSQL database is on your system locally.
psql dbname < sqldump.sql username
If its hosted online
psql -h hostname dbname < sqldump.sql username
If you have any doubts or questions, please ask them in the comments.
Walk through on how to run an SQL on the command line for PostgreSQL in Linux:
Open a terminal and make sure you can run the psql command:
psql --version
which psql
Mine is version 9.1.6 located in /bin/psql.
Create a plain textfile called mysqlfile.sql
Edit that file, put a single line in there:
select * from mytable;
Run this command on commandline (substituting your username and the name of your database for pgadmin and kurz_prod):
psql -U pgadmin -d kurz_prod -a -f mysqlfile.sql
The following is the result I get on the terminal (I am not prompted for a password):
select * from mytable;
test1
--------
hi
me too
(2 rows)
psql -h localhost -d userstoreis -U admin -p 5432 -a -q -f /home/jobs/Desktop/resources/postgresql.sql
Parameter explanations:
-h PostgreSQL server IP address
-d database name
-U user name
-p port which PostgreSQL server is listening on
-f path to SQL script
-a all echo
-q quiet
You can open a command prompt and run as administrator. Then type
../bin>psql -f c:/...-h localhost -p 5432 -d databasename -U "postgres"
Password for user postgres: will show up.
Type your password and enter. I couldn't see the password what I was typing, but this time when I press enter it worked. Actually I was loading data into the database.
I achived that wrote (located in the directory where my script is)
::someguy#host::$sudo -u user psql -d my_database -a -f file.sql
where -u user is the role who owns the database where I want to execute the script then the psql connects to the psql console after that -d my_database loads me in mydatabase finally -a -f file.sql where -a echo all input from the script and -f execute commands from file.sql into mydatabase, then exit.
I'm using:
psql (PostgreSQL) 10.12
on (Ubuntu 10.12-0ubuntu0.18.04.1)
A small improvement in #wingman__7 's 2021 answer: if your username contains certain characters (an underscore in my case), you need to pass it with the -U flag.
This worked for me:
$ psql -h db.host -d db_name -U my_user < query.sql
Try using the following command in the command line console:
psql -h localhost -U postgres -f restore.sql