I've faced up with a problem to execute powershell class methods inside a scriptblock passed to invoke-command.
Let's start with some examples
FooClass.psm1
class Foo {
static [string]Func() {
return "bar"
}
}
FooToScriptblock.ps1
using module .\FooClass.psm1
Function FooToScriptBlock {
$m = [Foo]::new()
write-host "from func:" $m.Func()
$sb1 = {$m = [Foo]::new(); $m.Func()}
$sb2 = {param($foo)$foo.Func()}
$sb3 = [scriptblock]::Create('$m.Foo()')
$s = New-PSSession -ComputerName "computer" -Credential "someuser"
$r1 = Invoke-Command -Session $s -ScriptBlock $sb1
write-host $r1
$r2 = Invoke-Command -Session $s -ScriptBlock $sb2 -ArgumentList $m
write-host $r2
$r3 = Invoke-Command -Session $s -ScriptBlock $sb3
write-host $r3
}
FooToScriptBlock
After executing I'm getting output like this
PS <scripts> $> .\FooToScriptblock.ps1
from func: bar
Unable to find type [Foo].
+ CategoryInfo : InvalidOperation: (Foo:TypeName) [], RuntimeException
+ FullyQualifiedErrorId : TypeNotFound
+ PSComputerName :
You cannot call a method on a null-valued expression.
+ CategoryInfo : InvalidOperation: (:) [], RuntimeException
+ FullyQualifiedErrorId : InvokeMethodOnNull
+ PSComputerName :
Method invocation failed because [Deserialized.Foo] does not contain a method named 'Func'.
+ CategoryInfo : InvalidOperation: (Func:String) [], RuntimeException
+ FullyQualifiedErrorId : MethodNotFound
+ PSComputerName :
You cannot call a method on a null-valued expression.
+ CategoryInfo : InvalidOperation: (:) [], RuntimeException
+ FullyQualifiedErrorId : InvokeMethodOnNull
+ PSComputerName :
So now the question. Is it possible to execute PowerShell classes inside a script block on another computer?
The easiest solution is to specify the 'Using' statement in the PSSession by adding something like the following.
$sb = {using module UNC_Path_to_Module\FooClass.psm1}
$r = Invoke-Command -Session $s -ScriptBlock $sb
It should be noted that since PSSessions do not pass credentials to remote session by default and will not allow access to network resources requiring authentication. In order to authenticate to network resources you will need to specify the authentication method as CredSSP. This carries a security risk if the remote system is compromised.
New-PSSession -Authentication CredSSP
Related
I need to modify the below script to execute the Windows Update so it downloads and updates the remote server:
Invoke-RemoteExecution($computername){
$cred = get-credential
invoke-command -computername $computername -Credential $cred -scriptblock {
Function Search-Updates
{
$Criteria = "IsInstalled=0 and Type='Software'"
#Search for relevant updates.
$Searcher = New-Object -ComObject Microsoft.Update.Searcher
$SearchResult = $Searcher.Search($Criteria).Updates
return [System.MarshalByRefObject]$SearchResult
}
Function Download-Updates
{
Param ($SearchResult)
$Session = New-Object -ComObject Microsoft.Update.Session
$Downloader = $Session.CreateUpdateDownloader()
$Downloader.Updates = $SearchResult
$Downloader.Download()
}
[System.MarshalByRefObject]$SearchResult = Search-Updates
Download-Updates -SearchResult $SearchResult
}
}
Invoke-RemoteExecution -computername yourcomputername
The error I am facing is like the below:
Invoke-RemoteExecution -computername PRD-SVR01-VM
cmdlet Get-Credential at command pipeline position 1
Supply values for the following parameters:
Access is denied. (Exception from HRESULT: 0x80070005 (E_ACCESSDENIED))
+ CategoryInfo : OperationStopped: (:) [], UnauthorizedAccessException
+ FullyQualifiedErrorId : System.UnauthorizedAccessException
+ PSComputerName : PRD-SVR01-VM
The property 'Updates' cannot be found on this object. Verify that the property exists and can be set.
+ CategoryInfo : InvalidOperation: (:) [], RuntimeException
+ FullyQualifiedErrorId : PropertyNotFound
+ PSComputerName : PRD-SVR01-VM
You cannot call a method on a null-valued expression.
+ CategoryInfo : InvalidOperation: (:) [], RuntimeException
+ FullyQualifiedErrorId : InvokeMethodOnNull
+ PSComputerName : PRD-SVR01-VM
I have tried to use the remoting but it is still failed as above.
I want to reset my own Active Directory Password on a remote Machine (different domain).
If I use the following code snippet locally it works perfectly:
param(
[string]$oldPassword = $(Read-Host "Old password"),
[string]$newPassword = $(Read-Host "New password")
)
$ADSystemInfo = New-Object -ComObject ADSystemInfo
$type = $ADSystemInfo.GetType()
$user = [ADSI] "LDAP://$($type.InvokeMember('UserName', 'GetProperty', $null, $ADSystemInfo, $null))"
$user.ChangePassword($oldPassword, $newPassword)
Running following snippet on the remote machine fails:
$ADSystemInfo = New-Object -ComObject ADSystemInfo
$type = $ADSystemInfo.GetType()
Invoke-Command -Session $Session -ScriptBlock {
param($rtype, $RemoteADSystemInfo, $OldPassword)
$user = [ADSI] "LDAP://$($rtype.InvokeMember('UserName', 'GetProperty', $null, $RemoteADSystemInfo, $null))"
$user.ChangePassword($OldPassword , "TestPa$$w0rd"")
} -ArgumentList $type,$ADSystemInfo,$Password
Error Message: Method invocation failed because
[Deserialized.System.RuntimeType] does not contain a method named
'InvokeMember'.
+ CategoryInfo : InvalidOperation: (InvokeMember:String) [], RuntimeException
+ FullyQualifiedErrorId : MethodNotFound
+ PSComputerName : test.test.domain The following exception occurred while retrieving member "ChangePassword": "Unknown error (0x80005000)"
+ CategoryInfo : NotSpecified: (:) [], ExtendedTypeSystemException
+ FullyQualifiedErrorId : CatchFromBaseGetMember
+ PSComputerName : test.test.domain
$buildDef = "Service.xxxx"
$buildDefFull="MyProject/$buildDef"
Start-Job -Name 'Service1' -ScriptBlock { tfsbuild start /collection:"http://yyyy:8080/tfs/DefaultCollection" /builddefinition:"$buildDefFull" }
i get this error:
Option builddefinition requires a value.
+ CategoryInfo : NotSpecified: (Option builddefinition requires a value.:String) [], RemoteException
+ FullyQualifiedErrorId : NativeCommandError
+ PSComputerName : localhost
i can't seem to get tfsbuild to accept the parameter in a start job... it actually runs fine if i just do the tfsbuild part with no job.
Any ideas how i'm supposed to pass that value?
tx
The $buildDefFull variable is outside the scope of the scriptblock.
You have 2 options:
PowerShell 3+
Use the Using scope modifier:
$buildDef = "Service.xxxx"
$buildDefFull="MyProject/$buildDef"
Start-Job -Name 'Service1' -ScriptBlock { tfsbuild start /collection:"http://yyyy:8080/tfs/DefaultCollection" /builddefinition:"$Using:buildDefFull" }
Any Version
Define and pass parameters to the scriptblock:
$buildDef = "Service.xxxx"
$buildDefFull="MyProject/$buildDef"
Start-Job -Name 'Service1' -ScriptBlock { param($bdf) tfsbuild start /collection:"http://yyyy:8080/tfs/DefaultCollection" /builddefinition:"$bdf" } -ArgumentList $buildDefFull
I am unable to run an invoke-command script to install printers on a remote machine. My code works locally, but as soon as I pipe it into Invoke-command, i get errors.
Local:
$Printer = "\\server1\printer1"
(New-Object -Com Wscript.Network).AddWindowsPrinterConnection($Printer)
And this adds the printer just fine. I can do this same command on the remote computer with no issues. But when i tried to execute the command remotely I have the issues.
Remote:
$compname = "computer"
$Printer = "\\server1\printer1"
Invoke-Command -ComputerName $CompName -Scriptblock {(New-Object -Com Wscript.Network).AddWindowsPrinterConnection('$Printer')}
Which returns the error "The printer name is invalid"
So I tried to see what the shell was sending to the remote computer with the following code, and everything in the write output looks good, but I still get errors:
Invoke-Command -ComputerName $CompName -Scriptblock {(New-Object -Com Wscript.Network).AddWindowsPrinterConnection('$Printer'); write-host "(New-Object -Com Wscript.Network).AddWindowsPrinterConnection('$Printer')"}
Output:
Exception calling "AddWindowsPrinterConnection" with "1" argument(s): "The printer name is invalid. (Exception from
HRESULT: 0x80070709)"
+ CategoryInfo : NotSpecified: (:) [], MethodInvocationException
+ FullyQualifiedErrorId : ComMethodTargetInvocation
+ PSComputerName : computer
(New-Object -Com Wscript.Network).AddWindowsPrinterConnection('\\server1\printer1')
Edit 1/5/2015
So I've tried Paul's code with a number of different entries to the argumentlist. All have not worked so far. i think the first 3 are closer to an answer.
-ArgumentList ""\\server1\printer1""
-ArgumentList ""'\\server1\printer1'""
-ArgumentList "\"\\server1\printer1""
Results in:
Invoke-Command : A positional parameter cannot be found that accepts argument '\\server1\printer1'.
At line:1 char:1
+ Invoke-Command -ComputerName $CompName -Scriptblock {(New-Object -Com Wscript.Ne ...
+ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+ CategoryInfo : InvalidArgument: (:) [Invoke-Command], ParameterBindingException
+ FullyQualifiedErrorId : PositionalParameterNotFound,Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.InvokeCommandCommand
-ArgumentList "'\\server1\printer1'"
-ArgumentList \'"\\server1\printer1"'
-ArgumentList \""\\server1\printer1""
-ArgumentList \"\\server1\printer1"
Result in:
Exception calling "AddWindowsPrinterConnection" with "1" argument(s): "The printer name is invalid. (Exception from
HRESULT: 0x80070709)"
+ CategoryInfo : NotSpecified: (:) [], MethodInvocationException
+ FullyQualifiedErrorId : ComMethodTargetInvocation
+ PSComputerName : sso-mxl327082y
Try this:
Invoke-Command -ComputerName $CompName -Scriptblock {(New-Object -Com Wscript.Network).AddWindowsPrinterConnection($args[0]); write-host "(New-Object -Com Wscript.Network).AddWindowsPrinterConnection($($args[0]))"} -ArgumentList "\\server1\printer1"
I think it´s because your $printer variable is placed between single quotes, variables between single quotes are not interpreted by powershell. So the printername your function probably gets is "$printer".
In case you wonder it is printed out correctly in your write-host statement because here the single quotes are inside a string.
you need to use $Using:yourvar to pass variables to the scriptblock
$compname = "computer"
$Printer = "\\server1\printer1"
Invoke-Command -ComputerName $CompName -Scriptblock
{
(New-Object -Com Wscript.Network).AddWindowsPrinterConnection($Using:$Printer)
}
I think it's because of the so called 'double hop problem', where your authentication isn't transfered to the next remote computer which is sharing the printer.
I tried to solve similar problem using add-printer and following this article double hop problem solution.
However, although it works with get-childitem etc. it doesn't work with add-printer cmdlet.
I want to execute below code in the either local or remote machine whith current user.
$BackUpSqlAgentAndRemoveOldbackup = {
param([string]$AppServer,[string]$SqlInstance,[string]$BackupShare,[string]$alias)
[Environment]::UserName #I got same user name in all cases.
[System.Reflection.Assembly]::LoadWithPartialName('Microsoft.SqlServer.Smo') | Out-Null
$server = New-Object ('Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.Server') $SqlInstance
$backupName = 'SqlAgentJob_' + $SqlInstance + '_' + (Get-Date –format ‘yyyyMMdd_HHmm’) + '_' + $alias + '.sql'
$backupPath = join-path $BackupShare $backupName
$oldBackups = Get-ChildItem $backupShare | where { ( $_.name -like 'SqlAgentJob_*.sql' ) }
$server.JobServer.Jobs.Script() | Out-File -filepath $backupPath
foreach ( $item in $oldBackups ) { remove-item $item.fullName }
}
the #argList is
#('hafcapp-1', 'hafcsql-1', '\\Host5FileSrv\Backup\test','auto')
I notice that
this one, it works well (no -comupterName and -session)
Invoke-Command -ScriptBlock $BackUpSqlAgentAndRemoveOldbackup -argumentList $argList
this one, it throw execption (I also tried "-session", get same result)
Invoke-Command -computerName localhost -ScriptBlock $BackUpSqlAgentAndRemoveOldbackup -argumentList $argList
the exception is as below, it seems the it can not access the folder.
Cannot find path '\\Host5FileSrv\Backup\test' because it does not exist.
+ CategoryInfo : ObjectNotFound: (\\Host5FileSrv\Backup\test:String) [Get-ChildItem], ItemNotFoundException
+ FullyQualifiedErrorId : PathNotFound,Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.GetChildItemCommand
You cannot call a method on a null-valued expression.
+ CategoryInfo : InvalidOperation: (Script:String) [], RuntimeException
+ FullyQualifiedErrorId : InvokeMethodOnNull
Cannot bind argument to parameter 'Path' because it is null.
+ CategoryInfo : InvalidData: (:) [Remove-Item], ParameterBindingValidationException
+ FullyQualifiedErrorId : ParameterArgumentValidationErrorNullNotAllowed,Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.RemoveItemCommand
does anyone know how can I do if I want to add computerName or session?
(notes:[Environment]::UserName return identical user)
You have run into the double hop problem. Your credentials can be transferred to the next machine (first hop), but no further (second hop). This means that you can't use the credentials of the machine where you are executing Invoke-Command on, the remote machine (localhost) to connect to a file share (\Host5FileSrv\Backup). Even if you use localhost as computername, it is still remoting. A solution could be CredSSP. See here and here for more information.
This looks like a "second hop" remoting problem, and you'll need to configure WinRM on the computers involved to use CredSSP
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ee309365(v=vs.85).aspx