Flutter/Dart Rebuild a Statefulwidget - flutter

I have the following problem. In a stateful widget (1), which contains a text field, a stateful widget (2) is called, which outputs a text. If an entry was made in the stateful widget (1), the stateful widget (2) should output the current text. (So ​​it has to be updated).
Here is my sample code that unfortunately doesn't work:
class _TexfildState extends State<Texfild> {
String text;
#override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return Column(
children: <Widget>[
TextField(
onChanged: (str){
setState(() {
text = str;
});
},
),
Textprint(text) //This widget should reload if str changes!
],
);
}
}
class Textprint extends StatefulWidget {
#override
final String textprint;
Textprint(this.textprint);
_TextprintState createState() => _TextprintState();
}
class _TextprintState extends State<Textprint> {
#override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return Container(
child: Text(widget.textprint),
);
}
}

What you need to do is to initialize the text with value or so called empty string. Because TextPrint Widget can't receive null String.
String text = '';

Related

How I am able to fetch updated value from a Child widget using callback without Calling setState() in parent Widget?

In the code below I am using a callback to forward value from child to parent widget but I'm not calling setState() callback and yet I am able to print latest value? Can anyone Explain this because from My understanding a value is only updated when setState() is called.
Parent:
class One extends StatefulWidget {
const One({Key key}) : super(key: key);
#override
_OneState createState() => _OneState();
}
class _OneState extends State<One> {
String _text;
//CallBack
func(text) {
//No setState() is being called here.
_text = text;
}
#override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
print('Build One');
return Scaffold(
body: SafeArea(
child: Column(
children: [
Two(func: func),
TextButton(
child: Text('Press Me'),
onPressed: () {
print(_text);
},
),
],
),
),
);
}
}
Child:
class Two extends StatefulWidget {
const Two({Key key, this.func}) : super(key: key);
final Function func;
#override
_TwoState createState() => _TwoState();
}
class _TwoState extends State<Two> {
String text;
#override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
print('Build Two');
return TextField(
onChanged: (value) {
setState(() {
text = value;
});
//Callback is being executed after the setState yet when i press button in Parent widget it prints latest value.
widget.func(text);
},
);
}
}
setState updates the variable changes in the UI by rebuilding the widget.
Let's say you have a variable i = 0 in your code and on the press of a button this variable gets incremented i++.
int i = 0;
void increment(){
i++;
}
if you have used this variable i in the UI, then the increment function will update the value of i but no changes will reflect on the UI.
In order to update the changes in the UI we use setState like this
void increment(){
setState({
i++;
});
}

Pass form to multiple widgets

I'm building an app with a long form in it. So I decided to seperate it into several steps.
Each step would be a widget containing formFields.
So I would have something like this:
int _currentStep = 0;
final GlobalKey<FormState> _formKey = GlobalKey<FormState>();
String _firstname;
String _lastname;
String _city;
List<Widget> formGroups = [
FormGroup1(),
FormGroup2(),
FormGroup3(),
];
The form would bind to the state like this
Form(
key: _formKey,
child: formGroups[_currentStep],
),
My idea is to be able to navigate to the next widget like this
void goToNext() {
setState(() {
if (_currentStep < formGroups.length - 1) {
_currentStep += 1;
}
});
}
Firstly, is it a good practice?
How can I get the main widget to get the input from the children widgets?
For example if the FormGroup2 contains the inputfield to set the _lastname, how can I make it availaibe at the form level?
Thank you for your help.
Whenever you want parent widget to get input from the child widget you always use the NotificationListener at parent and pass Notification containing data from the child.
This technique is used by many flutter widgets like DefaultTabController receives OverscrollNotification when user swipes to the last page and is still trying to swipe.
In your use case you can pass the value notifications from the child Widgets to the Form Widget.
Here is a Demo for your reference Run on dartpad
Following is a working code demonstrating the use of this widget:
import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
main() => runApp(MaterialApp(home: MyApp()));
class MyApp extends StatefulWidget {
#override
_MyAppState createState() => _MyAppState();
}
class _MyAppState extends State<MyApp> {
String _string = 'You haven\'t pressed a button yet' ;
#override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return Scaffold(
appBar: AppBar(title: Text('Notification demo'),),
body: NotificationListener<IntegerNotification>(
onNotification: (IntegerNotification notification){
print(notification.value);
setState(() {
_string = 'You have pressed button ${notification.value} times.';
});
return true;
},
child: Column(
mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.center,
children: <Widget>[
Text(_string),
ChildWidget(),
],
),
),
);
}
}
class ChildWidget extends StatefulWidget {
#override
_ChildWidgetState createState() => _ChildWidgetState();
}
class _ChildWidgetState extends State<ChildWidget> {
int _counter = 0;
#override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return Center(
child: RaisedButton(
child: Text('Increment'),
onPressed: () {
IntegerNotification(++_counter).dispatch(context);
},
),
);
}
}
class IntegerNotification extends Notification {
final value;
IntegerNotification(this.value);
}
I hope this helps, in case of any doubt please comment.

Does TextField onChange method trigger the build method?

If I have this:
class SomethingState extends State<Something> {
String name;
#override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return TextField(
onChange: (text) {
name = text
}
)
}
}
Do I have to wrap name = text in setState to trigger the build method or no because when the user types something in the TextField it already does that?
This is how I have it now and it works, but I want to make sure I understand this correctly.
The value will change without setState but will not change on the UI. To update the UI you must use setState and rebuild the widgets.
This code for the question in the comments
class Homepage extends StatelessWidget {
final controller = TextEditingController();
#override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return Column(
children: <Widget>[
Center(child: TextField(controller: controller,),),
FlatButton(child: Text("change"),onPressed: (){
controller.text = 'new text';
},)
],
);
}
}

Flutter UI doesn't update when custom widget is used

I have a Flutter where I display a list of elements in a Column, where the each item in the list is a custom widget. When I update the list, my UI doesn't refresh.
Working sample:
class Test extends StatefulWidget {
#override
State<StatefulWidget> createState() {
return TestState();
}
}
class TestState extends State<Test> {
List<String> list = ["one", "two"];
final refreshKey = new GlobalKey<RefreshIndicatorState>();
#override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return Scaffold(
body: Container(
padding: EdgeInsets.all(40),
child: Row(
children: <Widget>[
Container(
child: FlatButton(
child: Text("Update"),
onPressed: () {
print("Updating list");
setState(() {
list = ["three", "four"];
});
},
)
),
Column(
children: list.map((s) => ItemView(s)).toList(),
)
],
),
)
);
}
}
class ItemView extends StatefulWidget {
String s;
ItemView(this.s);
#override
State<StatefulWidget> createState() => ItemViewState(s);
}
class ItemViewState extends State<ItemView> {
String s;
ItemViewState(this.s);
#override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return Text(s);
}
}
When I press the "Update" button, my list is updated but the UI is not. I believe this has something to do with using a custom widget (which is also stateful) because when I replace ItemView(s) with the similar Text(s), the UI updates.
I understand that Flutter keeps a track of my stateful widgets and what data is being used, but I'm clearly missing something.
How do I get the UI to update and still use my custom widget?
You should never pass parameters to your State.
Instead, use the widget property.
class ItemView extends StatefulWidget {
String s;
ItemView(this.s);
#override
State<StatefulWidget> createState() => ItemViewState();
}
class ItemViewState extends State<ItemView> {
#override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return Text(widget.s);
}
}

TextFormField value is null

I tried to get TextFormField value. But result is null
main page,
children:[
UrlTextField(),
UsernameTextField(),
UrlButton()
]
UrlTextField(), same like UsernameTextField()
class UrlTextField extends StatelessWidget {
final myController = TextEditingController();
#override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return AppTextField(
decoration:
InputDecoration(prefixText: "https://", labelText: "Enter your URL"),
myController: myController,
textInputType: TextInputType.url,
);}}
AppTextField() It's a common class, I used this class everywhere
class AppTextField extends StatelessWidget {
final InputDecoration decoration;
var myController = TextEditingController();
final TextInputType textInputType;
AppTextField({
this.decoration,
this.myController,
this.textInputType
});
#override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return TextFormField(
controller: myController,
keyboardType: textInputType,
textAlign: TextAlign.left,
decoration: decoration
);}}
I need to get Url and Username value when click button or any other area,
class UrlButton extends StatelessWidget {
#override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return AppButton(
onPressed: () {
String url = UrlTextField().myController.text;
String username = UsernameTextField().myController.text;
print('url is $text');
});}}
AppButton() This class also common
class AppButton extends StatelessWidget {
final VoidCallback onPressed;
AppButton({
this.buttonTextStyle
});
#override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return RaisedButton(
child: Text(...),
onPressed: onPressed);}}
You are trying to retrieve text from a controller which has just been instantiated in the onPressed of the button so there can't be any text so far! To solve this problem you need some way of State Management to access and change an existing widget, in your case the UrlTextField widget. I will give you an example of how you could solve this quickly:
Main page:
class MainPage extends StatefulWidget {
...
#override
createState() => _MainPageState();
}
class _MainPageState extends State<MainPage> {
UrlTextField _urlTextField = UrlTextField();
...
children:[
_urlTextField,
UsernameTextField(),
UrlButton(_urlTextField)
]
Now we instantiated a UrlTextField which can be referenced to and can be passed to another widget like your UrlButton:
class UrlButton extends StatelessWidget {
final UrlTextField urlTextField;
UrlButton(this.urlTextField);
#override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return AppButton(
onPressed: () {
String url = this.urlTextField.myController.text;
String username = UsernameTextField().myController.text;
print('url is $text');
}
);
}
}
On this way you instantiated one UrlTextField and used it in your main page where a user can fill in some input and passed it down to UrlButton where you can access its controller and therefore its text.
I would recommend you to look more into the topic State Management since there are a lot of ways to handle such a case. I can recommend you to take a look on Provider which is very easy to use and convenient to access certain data.
what is the value of text in print('url is $text'); isn't it supposed to be like this print('url is $url');
I think this what you are trying to do.... But there's many loop holes brother..
One thing to remember.. You need separate controllers for each TextField you can't declare one as myController and assign it to all. They'll all have the same value.
class StackHelp extends StatefulWidget {
#override
_StackHelp createState() => _StackHelp();
}
class _StackHelp extends State<StackHelp> {
final TextEditingController myController = TextEditingController();
#override
void initState() {
super.initState();
}
#override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return SafeArea(
child: new Scaffold(
body: Column(children: <Widget>[
UrlTextField(myController),
// UsernameTextField(),
UrlButton(myController)
])),
);
}
}
class UrlTextField extends StatelessWidget {
final TextEditingController myController;
UrlTextField(this.myController);
#override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return AppTextField(
decoration:
InputDecoration(prefixText: "https://", labelText: "Enter your URL"),
myController: myController,
textInputType: TextInputType.url,
);
}
}
class AppTextField extends StatelessWidget {
final InputDecoration decoration;
final TextEditingController myController;
final TextInputType textInputType;
AppTextField({this.decoration, this.myController, this.textInputType});
#override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return TextFormField(
controller: myController,
keyboardType: textInputType,
textAlign: TextAlign.left,
decoration: decoration);
}
}
class UrlButton extends StatelessWidget {
final TextEditingController myController;
UrlButton(this.myController);
#override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
void onPressed() {
String url = this.myController.text;
// String username = UsernameTextField().myController.text;
print('url is $url');
}
return AppButton(onPressed);
}
}
class AppButton extends StatelessWidget {
final VoidCallback onPressed;
AppButton(this.onPressed);
#override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return RaisedButton(child: Text('Test'), onPressed: onPressed);
}
}