$string = "my\\\name\\is\John\\\\Doe"
Desired output:
my\name\is\John\Doe
Thank you for your help in advance!
Lets talk about what we need to do.
Take the string and create an array by using -split '\\'.
Why \\ because -split allows for regex and \ is an escape string for regex.
Next we need to remove all blank array objects by using Where-Object making sure the length of the string is greater then 0.
Lastly we use that with the string method join(Joining Char, Array)
The join() method allows you to join an array creating a string using a char as the glue.
$string = "my\\\name\\is\John\\\\Doe"
[string]::join('\',($string -split "\\" | Where-Object{$_.length -gt 0}))
returning
my\name\is\John\Doe
Same principal, different methods
$string = "my\\\name\\is\John\\\\Doe"
$string.Split('\').where{$_} -join '\'
Output
my\name\is\John\Doe
Another way using regex
$string = "my\\\name\\is\John\\\\Doe"
while($string -match '\\\\'){$string = [regex]::Replace($string,'\\\\','\')}
Output
$string
my\name\is\John\Doe
Using -replace just seems simpler.
# replace all single or consecutive \ with a single \
$string -replace '\\+','\'
# replace each \ that had a preceding \
$string -replace '(?<=\\)\\'
Related
I need to extract a list with strings that are between two special characters (= and ;).
Below is an example of the file with line types and the needed strings in bold.
File is a quite big one, type is xml.
<type="string">data source=**HOL4624**;integrated sec>
<type="string">data source=**HOL4625**;integrated sec>
I managed to find the lines matching “data source=”, but how to get the name after?
Used code is below.
Get-content regsrvr.txt | select-string -pattern "data source="
Thank you very much!
<RegisteredServers:ConnectionStringWithEncryptedPassword type="string">data source=HOL4624;integrated security=True;pooling=False;multipleactiveresultsets=False;connect timeout=30;encrypt=False;trustservercertificate=False;packet size=4096</RegisteredServers:ConnectionStringWithEncryptedPassword>
<RegisteredServers:ConnectionStringWithEncryptedPassword type="string">data source=HOL4625;integrated security=True;pooling=False;multipleactiveresultsets=False;connect timeout=30;encrypt=False;trustservercertificate=False;packet size=4096</RegisteredServers:ConnectionStringWithEncryptedPassword>
The XML is not valid, so it's not a clean parse, anyway you can use string split with regex match:
$html = #"
<RegisteredServers:ConnectionStringWithEncryptedPassword type="string">data source=HOL4624;integrated security=True;pooling=False;multipleactiveresultsets=False;connect timeout=30;encrypt=False;trustservercertificate=False;packet size=4096</RegisteredServers:ConnectionStringWithEncryptedPassword>
<RegisteredServers:ConnectionStringWithEncryptedPassword type="string">data source=HOL4625;integrated security=True;pooling=False;multipleactiveresultsets=False;connect timeout=30;encrypt=False;trustservercertificate=False;packet size=4096</RegisteredServers:ConnectionStringWithEncryptedPassword>
"#
$html -split '\n' | % {$null = $_ -match 'data source=.*?;';$Matches[0]} |
% {($_ -split '=')[1] -replace ';'}
HOL4624
HOL4625
Since the connectionstring is for SQL Server, let's use .Net's SqlConnectionStringBuilder to do all the work for us. Like so,
# Test data, XML extraction is left as an exercise
$str = 'data source=HOL4624;integrated security=True;pooling=False;multipleactiveresultsets=False;connect timeout=30;encrypt=False;trustservercertificate=False;packet size=4096'
$builder = new-object System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnectionStringBuilder($str)
# Check some parameters
$builder.DataSource
HOL4624
$builder.IntegratedSecurity
True
You can expand your try at using Select-String with a better use of regex. Also, you don't need to use Get-Content first. Instead you can use the -Path parameter of Select-String.
The following Code will read the given file and return the value between the = and ;:
(Select-String -Path "regsrvr.txt" -pattern "(?:data source=)(.*?)(?:;)").Matches | % {$_.groups[1].Value}
Pattern Explanation (RegEx):
You can use -pattern to capture an String given a matching RegEx. The Regex can be describe as such:
(?: opens an non-capturing Group
data source= matches the charactes data source=
) closes the non-capturing Group
(.*?) matches any amount of characters and saves them in a Group. The ? is the lazy operator. This will stop the matching part at the first occurence of the following group (in this case the ;).
(?:;) is the final non-capturing Group for the closing ;
Structuring the Output
Select-String returns a Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.MatchInfo-Object.
You can find the matched Strings (the whole String and all captured groups) in there. We can also loop through this Output and return the Value of the captured Groups: | % {$_.groups[1].Value}
% is just an Alias for For-Each.
For more Informations look at the Select-String-Documentation and try your luck with some RegEx.
I have a filepath, and I'm trying to remove the last two occurrences of the / character into . and also completely remove the '{}' via Powershell to then turn that into a variable.
So, turn this:
xxx-xxx-xx\xxxxxxx\x\{xxxx-xxxxx-xxxx}\xxxxx\xxxxx
Into this:
xxx-xxx-xx\xxxxxxx\x\xxxx-xxxxx-xxxx.xxxxx.xxxxx
I've tried to get this working with the replace cmdlet, but this seems to focus more on replacing all occurrences or the first/last occurrence, which isn't my issue. Any guidance would be appreciated!
Edit:
So, I have an excel file and i'm creating a powershell script that uses a for each loop over every row, which amounts to thousands of entries. For each of those entries, I want to create a secondary variable that will take the full path, and save that path minus the last two slashes. Here's the portion of the script that i'm working on:
Foreach($script in $roboSource)
{
$logFileName = "$($script.a).txt".Replace('(?<=^[^\]+-[^\]+)-','.')
}
$script.a will output thousands of entries in this format:
xxx-xxx-xx\xxxxxxx\x{xxxx-xxxxx-xxxx}\xxxxx\xxxxx
Which is expected.
I want $logFileName to output this:
xxx-xxx-xx\xxxxxxx\x\xxxx-xxxxx-xxxx.xxxxx.xxxxx
I'm just starting to understand regex, and I believe the capture group between the parenthesis should be catching at least one of the '\', but testing attempts show no changes after adding the replace+regex.
Please let me know if I can provide more info.
Thanks!
You can do this in two fairly simply -replace operations:
Remove { and }
Replace the last two \:
$str = 'xxx-xxx-xx\xxxxxxx\x\{xxxx-xxxxx-xxxx}\xxxxx\xxxxx'
$str -replace '[{}]' -replace '\\([^\\]*)\\([^\\]*)$','.$1.$2'
The second pattern matches:
\\ # 1 literal '\'
( # open first capture group
[^\\]* # 0 or more non-'\' characters
) # close first capture group
\\ # 1 literal '\'
( # open second capture group
[^\\]* # 0 or more non-'\' characters
) # close second capture group
$ # end of string
Which we replace with the first and second capture group values, but with . before, instead of \: .$1.$2
If you're using PowerShell Core version 6.1 or newer, you can also take advantage of right-to-left -split:
($str -replace '[{}]' -split '\\',-3) -join '.'
-split '\\',-3 has the same effect as -split '\\',3, but splitting from the right rather than the left.
A 2-step approach is simplest in this case:
# Input string.
$str = 'xxx-xxx-xx\xxxxxxx\x\{xxxx-xxxxx-xxxx}\xxxxx\xxxxx'
# Get everything before the "{"
$prefix = $str -replace '\{.+'
# Get everything starting with the "{", remove "{ and "}",
# and replace "\" with "."
$suffix = $str.Substring($prefix.Length) -replace '[{}]' -replace '\\', '.'
# Output the combined result (or assign to $logFileName)
$prefix + $suffix
If you wanted to do it with a single -replace operation (with nesting), things get more complicated:
Note: This solution requires PowerShell Core (v6.1+)
$str -replace '(.+)\{(.+)\}(.+)',
{ $_.Groups[1].Value + $_.Groups[2].Value + ($_.Groups[3].Value -replace '\\', '.') }
Also see the elegant PS-Core-only -split based solution with a negative index (to split only a fixed number of tokens off the end) in Mathias R. Jessen's helpful answer.
try this
$str='xxx-xxx-xx\xxxxxxx\x\{xxxx-xxxxx-xxxx}\xxxxx\xxxxx'
#remove bracket and split for get array
$Array=$str -replace '[{}]' -split '\\'
#take all element except 2 last elements, and concat after last elems
"{0}.{1}.{2}" -f ($Array[0..($Array.Length -3)] -join '\'), $Array[-2], $Array[-1]
I have a string some\string/with/**/special\chars\haha. In variable I hold chars string and I try to remove everything before and including chars so expected output would be \haha
I tried sth like:
$temp = "some\string/with/**/special\chars\haha"
$tmp="chars"
$temp -replace '(?s)^.*$tmp', ''
and
$temp -replace '(?s)^.*$([regex]::Escape($tmp))', ''
but the only thing that works is when I put the string directly into regex condition. Only this example gives expected output:
$temp -replace '(?s)^.*chars', ''
What am I doing wrong?
Edit.:
I need to use variable in regex, because I iterate through multiple strings like this one and not always the part I want to remove has the same string (example: some\string/with/**/special\chars\haha -> \haha; C:\st/h/*/1234\asdf\x -> \x). So in conclusion I have a problem using variable in regex, not with the regex itself as that works as intended when I replace variable with string (as shown above)
Try
$temp = "some\string/with/**/special\chars\haha"
$tmp="chars"
$regex = '(?s)^.*' + $tmp
$temp -replace $regex, ''
Looks like it's because you are using single quotes in your regex instead of double quotes. This means that the variable $tpm isn't being used.
Here is what your code should look like:
$temp = "some\string/with/**/special\chars\haha"
$tmp="chars"
$temp -replace "(?s)^.*$tmp", ''
Your code was using $tmp instead of the actual value inside the $tmp variable.
In my situation, I will have a string that looks like this.
$emailList = "example#mail.com
example2#mail.com
example3#mail.com"
How can I port this into an array with no white-space so it would look like
$emailList = #("example#mail.com","example2#mail.com","example3#mail.com"
Per the comments, if you do this:
($emailList -split '\r?\n').Trim()
It uses -split to separate the list in to an array based on the new line/return charaters and then .Trim() to remove any whitespace either side of each string.
Following this the result is now already an array. However if you explicitly want the output to be as a list of comma separated strings surrounded by double quotes you could then do this:
(($emailList -split '\r?\n').Trim() | ForEach-Object { '"'+$_+'"' }) -Join ','
Which uses ForEach-Object to add quote marks around each entry and then uses -Join to connect them with a ,.
$emailList = "example#mail.com
example2#mail.com
example3#mail.com"
$emailList.Split([Environment]::NewLine,[Stringsplitoptions]::RemoveEmptyEntries).trim()
-split on the left side splits on variable whitespace:
$emailList = -split 'example#mail.com
example2#mail.com
example3#mail.com'
$emailList
example#mail.com
example2#mail.com
example3#mail.com
You can also form an array list this. #() is almost never needed.
$emailList = 'example#mail.com','example2#mail.com','example3#mail.com'
Or as a shortcut (echo is an alias for write-output):
$emailList = echo example#mail.com example2#mail.com example3#mail.com
I have a text file with lines in this format:
FirstName,LastName,SSN,$x.xx,$x.xx,$x.xx
FirstName,MiddleInitial,LastName,SSN,$x.xx,$x.xx,$x.xx
The lines could be in either format. For example:
Joe,Smith,123-45-6789,$150.00,$150.00,$0.00
Jane,F,Doe,987-65-4321,$250.00,$500.00,$0.00
I want to basically turn everything before the SSN into a single field for the name thus:
Joe Smith,123-45-6789,$150.00,$150.00,$0.00
Jane F Doe,987-65-4321,$250.00,$500.00,$0.00
How can I do this using PowerShell? I think I need to use ForEach-Object and at some point replace "," with " ", but I don't know how to specify the pattern. I also don't know how to use a ForEach-Object with a $_.Where so that I can specify the "SkipUntil" mode.
Thanks very much!
Mathias is correct; you want to use the -replace operator, which uses regular expressions. I think this will do what you want:
$string -replace ',(?=.*,\d{3}-\d{2}-\d{4})',' '
The regular expression uses a lookahead (?=) to look for any commas that are followed by any number of any character (. is any character, * is any number of them including 0) that are then followed by a comma immediately followed by a SSN (\d{3}-\d{2}-\d{4}). The concept of "zero-width assertions", such as this lookahead, simply means that it is used to determine the match, but it not actually returned as part of the match.
That's how we're able to match only the commas in the names themselves, and then replace them with a space.
I know it's answered, and neatly so, but I tried to come up with an alternative to using a regex - count the number of commas in a line, then replace either the first one, or the first two, commas in the line.
But strings can't count how many times a character appears in them without using the regex engine(*), and replacements can't be done a specific number of times without using the regex engine(**), so it's not very neat:
$comma = [regex]","
Get-Content data.csv | ForEach {
$numOfCommasToReplace = $comma.Matches($_).Count - 4
$comma.Replace($_, ' ', $numOfCommasToReplace)
} | Out-File data2.csv
Avoiding the regex engine entirely, just for fun, gets me things like this:
Get-Content .\data.csv | ForEach {
$1,$2,$3,$4,$5,$6,$7 = $_ -split ','
if ($7) {"$1 $2 $3,$4,$5,$6,$7"} else {"$1 $2,$3,$4,$5,$6"}
} | Out-File data2.csv
(*) ($line -as [char[]] -eq ',').Count
(**) while ( #counting ) { # split/mangle/join }