I'm trying to fuzz with afl, and its telling me to instrument the binary or just run a dumb fuzzer. How do Instrument the binary?
To fuzz a binary you should re-compile it's source-code with either afl-gcc (for C-code) or afl-g++ (for C++-code).
You can find more info here.
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I am playing around a bit bit with Microsofts ELL library/compiler to deploy a simple learning algorithm to a micro controller. But my knowledge regarding embedded development has been better in the past. The Problem is the following:
ELL creates an LLVM IR file and a C Header file from a CNTK machine learning model (There are no pure c/c++ files). So far so good. Now I can use the IR to tell llc to make an assembler or object file for the desired target from it (ARM Cortex M4 in my case).
So I end up with a header file model.h and an assembler file model.s or an object file model.o.
Now I want to include this model with the header and the precompiled model in my embedded project.
For developing, I use the Bosch XDK, the IDE is basically Eclipse.
So, is there a way, that I can include the precompiled model in my code? When yes, how? And how do I correctly include it in Eclipse? Or do I have to do further steps? I also thought about making a static library out of the object file, but I do not have any experience on this and my tries did not end successfully so far. Thanks for your kind help.
If you make a static library from the object file, the linker will simply extract the object file and link it. That is an unnecessary step, you can add the object file to the linker command line directly. Alternatively add the .s source file to your project - the default build rules should identify it as an assembly language file and invoke the assembler rather then the compiler.
I have an OpenCL kernel that runs well but I want to look at the intermediate code. I use getprograminfo to pull out the binary and save it to a text file. I've tried this with nVidia, AMD, an i7 and a Xeon.
In all of these cases the binary is unreadable.
I understand that on OS X the chunk of data returned is actually a binary plist. I've found instructions for using plutil to convert it to xml, and they work.
It's still unreadable ... though I've seen instructions online that this is where you find the PTX code (in the case of my AMD 5870). There's the expected clBinaryData key but the data under that key is still one big chunk of stuff, not readable IL instructions in text form.
I'd really like to examine the intermediate language to assess inefficiencies in my use of the gpu. Is this simply not possible under Xcode? Or, what am I doing wrong?
Thanks for any information!...
If you run your program with following environmental variable set you should see .IL and .ISA files in your directory.
$ GPU_DUMP_DEVICE_KERNEL=3 ./my-program
Another way is to use AMD APP Kernel Analyzer (which comes along with AMD APP SDK) to look at the Intermediate file i.e IL and ISA.
(I am not sure whether AMD APP SDK available for MAC or not).
One more option according to APP SDK documentation, put the below in your host code.
putenv("GPU_DUMP_DEVICE_KERNEL=3");
References
AMD OpenCL Programming Guide
AMD Devgurus forum
(Making this a top-level answer so I can do some formatting.)
ocluser's answer was very helpful, in that it was enlightening and caused great learning, though it did not, alas, solve the problem.
I've verified that the environment variable described is being set, and is available to my application when run from within xcode. However, it does not have (under OSX) the highly desirable effect it has under Linux.
But, I now know how to set environment variables in 7 of 8 different ways. I also set "tracer" envars to tell me which methods are effective within the scope of my application. From the below, you can see that both the method of "edit scheme" to add arguments works, as does the "putenv" suggested by ocluser. What didn't set it in that scope: ~/.MACOS/environment.plist, app-specific plist, .profile, and adding a build phase to run a custom script (I found at least one other way within xcode to set one but forgot what I called the tracer and can't find it now; maybe it's on another machine....)
GPU_DUMP_DEVICE_KERNEL is 3
GPU_DUMP_TRK_ENVPLIST is (null)
GPU_DUMP_TRK_APPPLIST is (null)
GPU_DUMP_TRK_DOTPROFILE is (null)
GPU_DUMP_TRK_RUNSCRIPT is (null)
GPU_DUMP_TRK_SCHARGS is 1
GPU_DUMP_TRK_PUTENV is 1
... so, no this doesn't really answer the question, but expands on it a bit. Sorry if poor form. Thanks!
Have not given up and shall provide an actual problem-solver if I find one.
I have a simple model from simulink and I would like to generate code using the code generator in the simulink and then compile it using gcc into a .ELF object file. How can I proceed?
Thanks
You need the product called Simulink Coder (around matlab 2011b) or Real-time Workshop (for older matlab versions). Typing ver at the matlab command window will show what products and licences you have installed.
If Simulink Coder or RTW are installed, you use the menu Simulation->Configuration Parameters to set up the model for code generation.
If you have Embedded Coder you can set System Target File to ert.tlc, and this will produce a very concise main() routine to call your model code. Otherwise, use grt.tlc which produces a lot more bloat then ert, but is the only useful one available for on Windows.
There are a lot of options to go through and check - it really needs someone with a bit of experience to be present!
As you are requesting an ELF file, is this for an embedded system? If so, there is a lot more work to be done. If the target is not one of the already supported targets, then you need a target package, which will take either a lot of time and experience, or money to buy one.
Custom target development - a world of it's own:
http://www.mathworks.co.uk/help/toolbox/rtw/ug/bse3b2z.html
When I tried to run a Simulink program under my R2009a Matlab, it showed an error message as follows: Failed to find library 'powerlib' referenced by 'dcmotor_openloop/Armature Current '. This library must be on your MATLAB path.
I'm wondering where I can find this powerlib.
As #Edric mentioned, powerlib is built into SimPowerSystems. The error you see can thus have two causes
(1) There is no installation of SimPowerSystems in your copy of Matlab. Type ver at the command prompt to check for what toolboxes you have installed. If SimPowerSystems doesn't show up in the list, you will have to get the toolbox, otherwise you won't be able to run the model.
(2) Your installation of SimPowerSystems is somehow corrupt. This has never happened to me in Matlab so far, but with modern technology, anything is possible. A fresh install should solve this.
powerlib is a Simulink library shipped as part of SimPowerSystems, see the product page here: http://www.mathworks.com/products/simpower/.
This should really be a comment on another answer, but I can't comment due to reputation.
From at least R2016b, perhaps earlier too, It's no longer called SimPowerSystems. It's now SimscapePowerSystems. You need that plus the bare Simscape package installed.
I would like to know about open source libraries that could be used to perform some simple tasks on MIDI files:
reading a file one note - or chord - at a time;
extracting a given instrument to re-encode it separately in a new file;
allow to produce a "customizable" score -- by that I mean that I should be able to alter the way the sheet music is produced from the midi using the libraries ... I assume this will require an interaction with Lilypond or Musixtex.
I don't really have a preferred language, as long as it is not too painful to make the app cross-platform. Other advice is welcome -- better to learn it now rather than when I've already written a lot of code. So far, I've been trying to dig in MuseScore's (C++) source code, but it seems that GUI code permeates most files and although spotting relevant files was easy, it is difficult for me to extract just what I need (I'm only aiming for a command line application right now, I'll see about interfaces later).
Any ideas?
Thanks!
Well, I'm just getting started, but this (in Python) seems promising.
If you're still working on the project and language isn't a problem, you might try Python's cross-platform music21 which can parse midi files into Note, Chord, Instrument, etc., objects, lets you manipulate the scores, and then R/T back to MIDI or output to Lilypond, etc. (full disclosure, I'm the author of the toolkit; but I don't know of many others in any language that will take MIDI in and put Lilypond out while giving you a chance to treat the MIDI elements as objects to manipulate in the meantime.).
Sample code to screw up all the instrument sounds in a MIDI file and then play it and make a lilypond.pdf from it:
import music21
mf = music21.converter.parse('pathToMidiFile.mid')
for x in mf.recurse():
if 'Instrument' in x.classes:
x.midiProgram = (x.midiProgram * 2) % 128
mf.show('midi')
mf.show('lily.pdf')
Hope that helps.