Flutter:How to update a UI -stateful widget from another stateful class - flutter

How do I update my UI when the value change in another stateful widget?.
I created a stateful class (Test2) which build a widget. Then in my main class, I have a list of Test2 widget. Finally, I am iterating thru the list and rendering the Test2 widget.
However, I want to update a value in one of Test2 widget and then have the main UI update accordingly.
How can I do that?
FILE:test2.dart
class Test2 extends StatefulWidget {
Test2({this.responseId, this.message});
final String responseId;
final String message;
bool strike =false;
#override
_Test2State createState() => _Test2State();
}
class _Test2State extends State<Test2> {
#override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return Container(
child: Text(
widget.responseId + widget.message,
style: (widget.strike)?TextStyle(decoration: TextDecoration.none):TextStyle(decoration: TextDecoration.underline)
),
);
}
}
File :home.dart
MAIN CLASS
class MyHomePage extends StatefulWidget {
MyHomePage({Key key, this.title}) : super(key: key);
final String title;
#override
_MyHomePageState createState() => _MyHomePageState();
}
class _MyHomePageState extends State<MyHomePage> {
List<Test2> _counter =List();
int cnt =0;
#override
void initState() {
super.initState();
_counter.add(Test2(message: "message",responseId:"1"));
_counter.add(Test2(message: "message",responseId:"2"));
_counter.add(Test2(message: "message",responseId:"3"));
}
In my BUILD METHOD
for(int i=0;i<_counter.length;i++)...[
_counter[i]
],
BUTTON CLICK
void _incrementCounter() {
for(int i=0;i<_counter.length;i++){
if(_counter[i].responseId =="1"){
_counter[i].strike =true;
}
}
setState(() {
});
}

You can use ValueNotifier to rebuild the listeners.
Decalre a ValueNotifier<bool> in the Text2 class and initialize it.
ValueNotifier<bool> strikeNotifier = ValueNotifier(false);
then use ValueListenableBuilder to wrap the widget that you want to rebuild when value of strike changes.
ValueListenableBuilder(valueListenable: strikeNotifier, builder: (_, result, widget) => Text(...),)
And create a method for updating the value of strike, also for comparing the old and new values and update the value of ValueNotifier with the comparison result.
void updateStrike(bool value){
var result = (strike == value);
strike = value;
strikeNotifier.value = result;
}
So you can update the value of strike with updateStrike() in _incrementCounter() to notify the Text2 widgets for rebuilding.

Related

Update TextEditingController Text with Riverpod

I'm new to Riverpod and am trying to migrate an app over from Provider. If I had a TextField and wanted to set its value based on my Provider model, I would do this:
class MyWidget extends StatefulWidget{
const MyWidget({ Key? key }) : super(key: key);
#override
State<MyWidget> createState() => _MyWidgetState();
}
class _MyWidgetState extends State<MyWidget> {
var controller = TextEditingController();
#override
void didChangeDependencies() {
super.didChangeDependencies();
//Set the value here...
var model = Provider.of<Model>(context);
controller.text = model.name;
}
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return TextField(controller: controller)
}
}
As I understand it, didChangeDependencies() would listen to changes from Provider.of<Model>(context) and update my controller accordingly.
I'm trying to pull off the same thing with Provider, but I can't ever get the TextField's value to show up.
class MyWidget extends ConsumerStatefulWidget {
const MyWidget({Key? key}) : super(key: key);
#override
ConsumerState<ConsumerStatefulWidget> createState() => _MyWidgetState();
}
class _MyWidgetState extends ConsumerState<MyWidget> {
var controller = TextEditingController();
#override
void didChangeDependencies() {
super.didChangeDependencies();
//Trying the same thing here...
final name = ref.watch(providerName);
controller.text = name;
}
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
final name = ref.watch(providerName);
return Column(
children: [
//This doesn't work:
TextField(controller: controller),
//I know my provider has the value, because this works fine:
Text(name),
]
}
}
How can I get my TextEditingController's text property to update?
From Riverpod official website
///1.Create a [StateNotifier] sub-class, StateNotifier is something where you can define functions that can change your state like in this state is of String type, you also can use objects (Classes instead of primitive types)
class Counter extends StateNotifier<String> {
Counter() : super('');
void changeText(String text){
state=text;
}
///2.Create a provider [StateNotifierProvider] with this you can use in your widget
final counterProvider = StateNotifierProvider<Counter, String>((ref) {
return Counter();
});
///3.Consume the Provider this is how we can attach state with our widget
class Home extends ConsumerWidget {
#override
Widget build(BuildContext context, WidgetRef ref) {
final text = ref.watch(counterProvider);
return Text('$text');
}
}
so here you can add you widget like button and onTap executes the code like
onTap()=>changeText(textController.text);
So your text [Text('$text');] will automatically change.
String inputText = controller.text;

array of items as state in a StatefulWidget & ensuring "setState" only triggers updates for items in the array that has changed?

Background - want to utilise a dynamic list of items for a StatefulWidget. In my usecase the widget will be calling a CustomePainter (canvas) so sometimes there will be a varying number of images to be drawn on the canvas, hence within parent StatefulWidget would like to have an "array of images".
Question - if using an array as the state variable what do I need to do programmtically (if anything) to ensure only the items that have changed within the array do infact get "redrawn", in particular in this case get "re-painted" on the canvas.
(Perhaps there are two separate answers here one for the array having (a) standard widgets, and one for the case where (b) items are being passed to a CustomePainter for painting on a canvas??)
As an example see code below (#ch271828n provided this to assist me here on a separate question - Getting 'Future<Image>' can't be assigned to a variable of type 'Image' in this Flutter/Dart code?). This code highlights the main idea, but doesn't include the passing onto a CustomPainter as parameters.
import 'dart:typed_data';
import 'dart:ui' as ui;
import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
import 'package:flutter/services.dart';
void main() {
runApp(MyApp());
}
class MyApp extends StatelessWidget {
#override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return MaterialApp(
home: MyHomePage(),
);
}
}
class MyHomePage extends StatefulWidget {
MyHomePage({Key key}) : super(key: key);
#override
_MyHomePageState createState() => _MyHomePageState();
}
class _MyHomePageState extends State<MyHomePage> {
List<ui.Image> _backgroundImages;
#override
void initState() {
super.initState();
_asyncInit();
}
Future<void> _asyncInit() async {
final imageNames = ['firstimage', 'secondimage', 'thirdimage'];
// NOTE by doing this, your images are loaded **simutanously** instead of **waiting for one to finish before starting the next**
final futures = [for (final name in imageNames) loadImage(name)];
final images = await Future.wait(futures);
setState(() {
_backgroundImages = images;
});
}
Future<ui.Image> loadImage(imageString) async {
ByteData bd = await rootBundle.load(imageString);
// ByteData bd = await rootBundle.load("graphics/bar-1920×1080.jpg");
final Uint8List bytes = Uint8List.view(bd.buffer);
final ui.Codec codec = await ui.instantiateImageCodec(bytes);
final ui.Image image = (await codec.getNextFrame()).image;
return image;
// setState(() => imageStateVarible = image);
}
#override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return Scaffold(
body: Center(
child: _backgroundImages != null ? YourWidget(_backgroundImages) : Text('you are loading that image'),
),
);
}
}
Firstly, talking about builds: Indeed you need a state management solution. Maybe look at https://flutter.dev/docs/development/data-and-backend/state-mgmt/options. Personally I suggest MobX which requires few boilerplate and can make development much faster.
Using setState is not a good idea. The setState, when looking into source code, does nothing but:
void setState(VoidCallback fn) {
assert(...);
_element.markNeedsBuild();
}
So it is nothing but markNeedsBuild - the whole stateful widget is called build again. Your callback passed into setState has nothing special.
Thus this way cannot trigger partial rebuild.
Secondly, you only want to reduce repaint, but not reduce number of builds, because flutter is designed such that build can be called by 60fps easily. Then things become easy:
class MyHomePage extends StatefulWidget {
MyHomePage({Key key}) : super(key: key);
#override
_MyHomePageState createState() => _MyHomePageState();
}
class _MyHomePageState extends State<MyHomePage> {
#override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return Stack(
children: [
for (final image in _yourImages)
CustomPaint(
painter: _MyPainter(image),
),
],
);
}
}
class _MyPainter extends CustomPainter {
final ui.Image image;
_MyPainter(this.image);
#override
void paint(ui.Canvas canvas, ui.Size size) {
// paint it
}
#override
bool shouldRepaint(covariant _MyPainter oldDelegate) {
return oldDelegate.image != this.image;
}
}
Notice that, you can call setState in homepage whenever you like, because that is cheap. (if your homepage has a lot of children widget then maybe not good, then you need state management solution). But the painter will not repaint unless shouldRepaint says so. Yeah!

Custom dropdown widget in Flutter how to implement setState

I implemented a custom DropdownButton widget, but I don't know how to implement it's setState. I would like to pass items and selectedItem to the widget, and let it to handle it's own state. And retrieve selected item when needed by myDropdownButton.selectedItem. How I could implement it?
class MyDropdownButton extends StatefulWidget {
final String selected;
final List<MyDropdownItem> items;
MyDropdownButton({Key key, this.selected, this.items})
: super(key: key);
#override
_MyDropdownButtonState createState() => _MyDropdownButtonState();
}
class _MyDropdownButtonState extends State<MyDropdownButton> {
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return DropdownButtonFormField(
value: widget.selected,
onChanged: (String value) {
widget.selected = value;
},
But the selected is final and cannot be modified. How to implement it?
Thank you!
There are two questions here:
Updating the widget, using setState.
Passing the value back to the widget that is using the Dropdown with a callback. Medium Article on callbacks
Firstly to have the dropdown update, you need to call a setstate on the value change. But first, you'll need to receive the value passed, usually this is done in initstate.
Second, you need to use a callback function. The class that calls this widget/class can then receive and process that value
class MyDropdownButton extends StatefulWidget {
final String selected;
final List<MyDropdownItem> items;
final Function(String) valueReturned; //callback function
MyDropdownButton({Key key, this.selected, this.items, this.valueReturned})
: super(key: key);
#override
_MyDropdownButtonState createState() => _MyDropdownButtonState();
}
class _MyDropdownButtonState extends State<MyDropdownButton> {
String sel;
#override
void initState() {
super.initState();
sel = widget.selected; //get the value passed
}
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return DropdownButtonFormField(
value: sel
onChanged: (String value) {
setState() {
sel = value;
widget.valueReturned(value); //this will trigger the callback function
},
}
In the code that calls the widget, you will need to listen to and handle the response.
Container(
child: MyDropdownButton(items: items, selected: selected, valueReturned: _handleValueReturned))
_handleValueReturned(String value) {
thingToUpdate = value;
}
Define a local variable and initialize it in initState():
String _selected;
#override
void initState() {
super.initState();
_selected = widget.selected;
}
use setState to update your local variable as the selection changes:
onChanged: (String value) {
setState(() {_selected = value;})
}
To retrieve the value, define a getter in your class:
String get selectedItem => _selected;
You can then access the selected item using myDropdownButton.selectedItem.
For more detailed explanation on implicit and explicit getters/setters see How do getters and setters change properties in Dart?

Stateful widget, class marked #immutable

I got a Visual Studio warning on my class (below) saying "This class (or a class which this class inherits from) is marked as '#immutable', but one or more of its instance fields are not final: UserSignIn._email", but I cannot mark this argument as final because I initialise it in the constructor
Without final :
class UserSignIn extends StatefulWidget {
TextEditingController _email;
UserSignIn({String emailInput}) {
this._email = TextEditingController(text: (emailInput ?? ""));
}
#override
_UserSignInState createState() => _UserSignInState();
}
class _UserSignInState extends State<UserSignIn> {
#override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
...
}
}
How to do this ?
Thank you
You should put the TextEditingController in the state class and initialise it in the initState method, like this.
And keep in mind that the StatefulWidget can be different every time when the widget tree is changed, so don't put anything in there that is not immutable.
Keep everything dynamic in the State class
class UserSignIn extends StatefulWidget {
final String emailInput;
const UserSignIn({Key key, this.emailInput}) : super(key: key);
#override
_UserSignInState createState() => _UserSignInState();
}
class _UserSignInState extends State<UserSignIn> {
TextEditingController _controller;
#override
void initState() {
_controller = TextEditingController(text: widget.emailInput);
super.initState();
}
...
}

Passing data to StatefulWidget and accessing it in it's state in Flutter

I have 2 screens in my Flutter app: a list of records and a screen for creating and editing records.
If I pass an object to the second screen that means I am going to edit this and if I pass null it means that I am creating a new item. The editing screen is a Stateful widget and I am not sure how to use this approach https://flutter.io/cookbook/navigation/passing-data/ for my case.
class RecordPage extends StatefulWidget {
final Record recordObject;
RecordPage({Key key, #required this.recordObject}) : super(key: key);
#override
_RecordPageState createState() => new _RecordPageState();
}
class _RecordPageState extends State<RecordPage> {
#override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
//.....
}
}
How can I access recordObject inside _RecordPageState?
To use recordObject in _RecordPageState, you have to just write widget.objectname like below
class _RecordPageState extends State<RecordPage> {
#override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
.....
widget.recordObject
.....
}
}
Full Example
You don't need to pass parameters to State using it's constructor.
You can easily access these using widget.myField.
class MyRecord extends StatefulWidget {
final String recordName;
const MyRecord(this.recordName);
#override
MyRecordState createState() => MyRecordState();
}
class MyRecordState extends State<MyRecord> {
#override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return Text(widget.recordName); // Here you direct access using widget
}
}
Pass your data when you Navigate screen :
Navigator.of(context).push(MaterialPageRoute(builder: (context) => MyRecord("WonderWorld")));
class RecordPage extends StatefulWidget {
final Record recordObject;
RecordPage({Key key, #required this.recordObject}) : super(key: key);
#override
_RecordPageState createState() => new _RecordPageState(recordObject);
}
class _RecordPageState extends State<RecordPage> {
Record recordObject
_RecordPageState(this. recordObject); //constructor
#override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {. //closure has access
//.....
}
}
example as below:
class nhaphangle extends StatefulWidget {
final String username;
final List<String> dshangle;// = ["1","2"];
const nhaphangle({ Key key, #required this.username,#required this.dshangle }) : super(key: key);
#override
_nhaphangleState createState() => _nhaphangleState();
}
class _nhaphangleState extends State<nhaphangle> {
TextEditingController mspController = TextEditingController();
TextEditingController soluongController = TextEditingController();
final scrollDirection = Axis.vertical;
DateTime Ngaysx = DateTime.now();
ScrollController _scrollController = new ScrollController();
ApiService _apiService;
List<String> titles = [];
#override
void initState() {
super.initState();
_apiService = ApiService();
titles = widget.dshangle; //here var is call and set to
}
I have to Navigate back to any one of the screens in the list pages but when I did that my onTap function stops working and navigation stops.
class MyBar extends StatefulWidget {
MyBar({this.pageNumber});
final pageNumber;
static const String id = 'mybar_screen';
#override
_MyBarState createState() => _MyBarState();
}
class _MyBarState extends State<MyBar> {
final List pages = [
NotificationScreen(),
AppointmentScreen(),
RequestBloodScreen(),
ProfileScreen(),
];
#override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
var _selectedItemIndex = widget.pageNumber;
return Scaffold(
bottomNavigationBar: BottomNavigationBar(
elevation: 0,
backgroundColor: Colors.white,
unselectedItemColor: Colors.grey.shade700,
selectedItemColor: Color(kAppColor),
selectedIconTheme: IconThemeData(color: Color(kAppColor)),
currentIndex: _selectedItemIndex,
type: BottomNavigationBarType.fixed,
onTap: (int index) {
setState(() {
_selectedItemIndex = index;
});
},
You should use a Pub/Sub mechanism.
I prefer to use Rx in many situations and languages. For Dart/Flutter this is the package: https://pub.dev/packages/rxdart
For example, you can use a BehaviorSubject to emit data from widget A, pass the stream to widget B which listens for changes and applies them inside the setState.
Widget A:
// initialize subject and put it into the Widget B
BehaviorSubject<LiveOutput> subject = BehaviorSubject();
late WidgetB widgetB = WidgetB(deviceOutput: subject);
// when you have to emit new data
subject.add(deviceOutput);
Widget B:
// add stream at class level
class WidgetB extends StatefulWidget {
final ValueStream<LiveOutput> deviceOutput;
const WidgetB({Key? key, required this.deviceOutput}) : super(key: key);
#override
State<WidgetB> createState() => _WidgetBState();
}
// listen for changes
#override
void initState() {
super.initState();
widget.deviceOutput.listen((event) {
print("new live output");
setState(() {
// do whatever you want
});
});
}
In my app, often instead of using stateful widgets, I use mainly ChangeNotifierProvider<T> in main.dart, some model class
class FooModel extends ChangeNotifier {
var _foo = false;
void changeFooState() {
_foo = true;
notifyListeners();
}
bool getFoo () => _foo;
}
and
var foo = context.read<FooModel>();
# or
var foo = context.watch<FooModel>();
in my stateless widgets. IMO this gives me more precise control over the rebuilding upon runtime state change, compared to stateful widgets.
The recipe can be found in the official docs, the concept is called "lifting state up".