Finding advanced option details for a windows shortcut - powershell

I'm trying to use group policy to replace the default windows Powershell shortcut with one that automatically checks the advanced option for the default shortcut: 'Run as Administrator' that can be found when editing the properties of the shortcut. Shown as followed,
However in group policy, the settings for shortcuts are limited. You may provide arguments, but that is all. and I suspect that it is an argument in the default shortcut that allows it to run as Administrator because besides giving arguments and a starting directory to a shell there is nothing else to it besides the shell. (See picture)
Unfortunately, windows does not show what arguments are provided to the default shortcut that allow it run as administrator.
So if someone could tell me what arguments the shortcut has that allow it to do 'Run as Administrator' I would greatly appreciate it. Thank you.

There is unsupported usy-at-your-own-risk method - setting byte #21 to 34
There is also more argumented method doing this ( I think it is better, because it takes into account old binary value )
Alternatively, to use from PowerShell you should find a wrapper around WinApi methods to set SLDF_RUNAS_USER flag for shortcut.
I think, you should test second method to use in PowerShell
There is no native way doing this from any .net-based language.
Documentation: MS-SHLLINK

Related

Powershell equivalent of MATLAB keyboard() command for debugging?

MATLAB has a feature to allow users to introduce a command in the script/function called keyboard and have the code stop there with a console/command prompt that gives direct access to the interpreter and the variable space. MATLAB keyboard() command docs
Is there something similar in Powershell? I don't want to deal with Powershell ISE as I don't like it's syntax highlighting (doesn't highlight all occurrences of selected phrase like Notepad++ does) and the macros is a lot weaker than what the plain Powershell console itself (like lacking F8 for recalling).
Stepping with a debugger is not quite as useful when you need to explore complex object structures and try a few things out with the current variable states, instead of just reading what the variables and values are in a docked window. It's much easier to work with the state of mind of the interpreted language at any point by interacting with it instead of ploughing through stack and trace information.
In both Powershell ISE and VSCode, you can read or update the same variables in your session from the terminal window at the bottom, even during debugging.

How to execute a Sublime plugin command from the command line?

I use the plugin SimpleSession with Sublime Text 3 (but any plugin could be considered). If I save a session with multiple windows, this creates a .simplesession file. How can I open that session file just by clicking on the file? The goal is to avoid having to launch ST3 and use the Command Palette to run the "Load Session" command. Currently, clicking on the .simplesession file causes ST3 to open it as a regular file.
Sublime doesn't know that a simplesession file is important in any way, so double clicking on one is going to open it the same as Sublime would open any other file.
Since it's a plugin that created the file, that plugin is the only thing that knows that it's special and what to do with it. So what you really need is the way to tell the plugin to take the action for you.
All actions in Sublime (including things as simple as inserting text) are taken by executing a command. Here that would be a command in the plugin that created the file in question, which would tell it that you want to carry out the action you would normally take manually, such as loading a session.
To do that from within Sublime you'd do something like bind a keyboard key to the appropriate command, add it to a menu, the command palette, etc. If you want to take the action from outside of Sublime, then you need to communicate that command to Sublime in order to get it to execute.
In core Sublime you can do this by executing the subl program that ships with Sublime and tell it a plugin command that you would like to execute.
Although it's possible to do this, the solution provided here has the requirement that Sublime already be running due to technical limitations within Sublime itself, but more on that in a moment.
This answer will give you the information that you need to formulate the command line that you need to execute in order to get the plugin command to run and carry out the action that you desire.
If you want to run this command in response to double clicking a file of a particular type (here a simplesession file), how you do that is specific to the operating system and file browser that you're using, and is best asked as a separate question.
Assuming you instead want a level of integration where you just have a desktop shortcut, start menu entry, etc that does this, this is more straight forward because such a shortcut is really just a visual wrapper that executes a command of your choosing.
Again, how you would do that is different depending on your OS, but the important part is knowing what full command line you need to give to the shortcut to be able to run it, which is what this answer tells you how to construct.
Important Note: The specific package in your question implements a load_session command, which prompts you for the session to load from a list of sessions you've previously created.
This command doesn't take any argument that would tell it what session to load without asking you to pick one first. As a result, what you want isn't technically possible without more work because there's no way to directly tell the load_session command the file that you want to open.
In order to more fully automate things in this particular case, the underlying package needs to be modified. In particular either the load_session command would need an optional argument which, when given, would cause it to load that session without prompting first, or
a new command would need to be created to do the same thing.
If you're not comfortable or knowledgeable enough to make such modifications to the package directly, you need to either find someone that will do that for you or (even better) discuss it with the package author, since that is a feature that others would probably enjoy as well.
The first thing you need to know is, "What command in the plugin is the one that I need to execute to do what I want?". In some cases you may already know exactly what command you need to use because it's documented, or you have already made a custom key binding for it, and so on.
If you don't know the command you need to use, check the documentation on the package (if any) to see if it mentions them. In your particular case, the README on the package page specifically mentions a list of commands, of which load_session seems like the most appropriate fit.
Lacking any documentation, the next easiest thing to do would be to ask Sublime directly. To do this, select View > Show Console from the menu or press the keyboard shortcut associated with it, Ctrl+`. In the console that appears, enter the following command and press enter.
sublime.log_commands(True)
Now whenever you do anything, this console is going to show you exactly what command Sublime is executing, along with any arguments that it may be passing to the command. This remains in effect until you use the same command with False or restart Sublime.
With logging turned on, select the appropriate command from the command palette and see what the Console says.
For example, with this package installed, I get output like the following:
>>> sublime.log_commands(True)
command: show_overlay {"overlay": "command_palette"}
command: load_session
This is showing two commands; first I opened the command palette which uses the show_overlay command, and then I selected the SimpleSession: Load command, which is the load_session command with no arguments.
In order to get Sublime to execute the command from the command line, you use the --command command line argument to subl. So in order to get Sublime to run the load_session command, you can enter the following command in a command prompt/terminal in your OS. This is also the command you would set in your desktop shortcut.
subl --command "load_session"
This presumes that you've set up Sublime so that it's in the path (how you do that is OS specific). If running subl in a terminal gives you an error about a missing command, either add the Sublime install directory to the path or use a fully qualified file name in place of subl (e,g. "C:\Program Files\Sublime Text 3\subl" if you're on Windows); either requires you to know what location Sublime is installed in.
If you want to use a command that takes arguments you need to include the arguments in the command as well, in the same way as they were displayed in the console above.
It's important that the command name and the arguments all be considered one command line argument, which requires you to wrap the whole thing in quote characters, since otherwise the spaces will make it appear as multiple arguments.
If you forget this, Sublime will respond by opening files named after the different parts of the command and arguments that you tried to open under the mistaken belief that you're giving it files to open.
As a concrete example, to get Sublime to open the command palette from outside of Sublime, the command to do this would look like the following if you were on Linux/MacOS:
subl --command 'show_overlay {"overlay": "command_palette"}'
Note again that we are passing exactly what the console showed above, but the whole thing, command and arguments, are wrapped in single quotes so that the terminal knows that the entire value is one argument.
This makes things a little tricky on Windows, which doesn't allow single quotes. On that platform you need to use double quotes instead. This requires you to "quote" the internal double quotes with a leading \ character so that the command processor knows that they're part of the argument and not the double quote that ends the argument.
For the case of opening the command palette on Windows, the command thus looks like this:
subl --command "show_overlay {\"overlay\": \"command_palette\"}"
With this information in hand, you can set up something like a desktop shortcut to run the appropriate command, or potentially set up the file explorer that you're using to execute a command specifically when you double click on a file of your choosing.
Again, how you would do that is specific to the operating system that you're using, and so I'm not really covering that in depth here in this answer. Just keep in mind that regardless of the OS in question, the part that remains the same is that you need to use subl command like the above.
Now, in your particular case, if the package that you're using provided a command that would let it load the session directly without prompting you first, the command that you use would need to also include the name of the session file as one of the command arguments.
However, as I mentioned above, this package doesn't currently allow that at the moment.
Now, here is the GIANT CAVEAT with this whole thing; this only works if Sublime is already running.
The subl command talks to an existing running copy of Sublime and gives it commands to open a file, directory, run a command as we're doing here, and so on. If Sublime isn't already running, then subl will start Sublime first and then communicate these details to it.
Sublime starts and makes it's interface available to you to work right away, and then starts to load packages and plugins in the background. This is to get you in and working on your files without having to wait for all packages to load first.
An issue with this is that as soon as Sublime starts, subl passes off the appropriate commands and then quits, and since packages aren't loaded yet, the command that you want to execute doesn't exist yet (hasn't been loaded), so nothing actually happens.
Unfortunately there's not really a satisfactory way around this particular issue if you want to start Sublime and also execute commands.
A potential workaround would be use something like a script or batch file that would check to see if Sublime is already running, and if not Start it and delay a little bit to allow plugins to finish loading, then use subl to run the command.
However this would require you to basically guess how long it takes Sublime to finish loading, which is less than ideal.

Is there any way to use some "shortcut" for longer command lines?

I am using the same, longer command line with some arguments every day and it would be nice, if there were some possibility to make some shortcut for it. Is there any?
Learn aliases. Of course they depends of shell you're using. Doskey for cmd, alias for powershell or tcc, and so on.
Also. ConEmu has GuiMacro feature. You may set up user hotkeys with print function.

How to get the target of a shortcut?

How can I resolve a shortcut to its ultimate target on Windows programmatically?
I specify "ultimate" above to include the general case
shortcut → shortcut_1 →… → shortcut_n → target, in which there may be one or more "intervening" shortcut(s) in reference chain between shortcut and target.Also, I specify "programmatically" to rule out solutions that require interactive use of some feature of the MATLAB GUI.
(On Unix systems, one way to resolve shortcuts is to use something like system(['readlink ' shortcut]), or even better, if available, system(['readlink -f ' shortcut]). But I have not been able to find anything like this on Windows.)
If you open the shortcut file and read the first line you should see it.
>>fID=fopen(shortcutpath);
>>C=fgetl(fID);
C =
*some weird string* *filepath* *some other weird string*
Then with regexp you can find it easily.
Assuming your goal is just to open the shortcut to its destination, it seems to be as easy as on unix. Simply use this code to open a shortcut named sc in your current directory:
!sc.lnk % Equivalent to system('sc.lnk')
If the file is not in your current directory you need to add the path of course. If the shortcut refers to a shortcut it automatically ends up on the final result.
You could do it using COM.
Example:
server = actxserver('WScript.Shell');
path = server.CreateShortcut('D:\temp.lnk').TargetPath;
server.delete;
As Windows doesn't allow a shortcut to a shortcut, you get the "ultimate" target. :)

Changing the hot key for run selection in Powershell ISE

I'm not sure what is the best approach for asking these question, so I'm putting them all together here. After some googling these questions didn't have an obvious answer.
1) In Powershell ISE is there a way to change the "run selection" quick-key/hot-key so that it's something other than the default (which is F8)?
2) For that matter, is there a way to add quick-key bindings without adding a menu?
3) Can one add key cords to the ISE like in Visual Studio (Ctrl-d, Ctrl-h) for example.
I don't think you can change, but you can add another key to do the same:
function invoke-selection
{
iex $psISe.CurrentFile.Editor.SelectedText
}
$psISE.CurrentPowerShellTab.AddOnsMenu.Submenus.Add("Run selection",{invoke-selection},'f7')
Add the above to your Powershell ISE profile - $profile from ISE
Simple answer in no.
Unfortunately the ISE is a very basic editor and doesn't provide much in the way of customisation.
This might change when the ISE for PSv3.0 is released.
In the mean time this post has a list of PowerShell ISEs that you might want to try:
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/171514/best-ide-for-powershell
regards
Arcass