Related
I have a product model. I reference other products under 'similarProducts'. I dont understand the difference of me having a reference or just embedding data.
const productSchema = new mongoose.Schema({
name: {
type: String
},
hasReport: {
type: Boolean
},
reports: [ReportSchema],
similarProducts: {
name: {
type: [String]
},
id: [{
type: mongoose.Schema.Types.ObjectId,
ref: 'Product'
}]
}
}
mongoose.model('Product', productSchema);
I have added the similar products manually to my db. I have added manually the names and id's of 'other products', now what I see inside my db:
{
"_id" : ObjectId("gdfbhert"),
"name" : "product 1",
"similarProducts" : {
"name" : [
"product 5",
"product 9"
],
"id" : [
"abcde",
"a1b2c3d4"
]
},
"reports" : []
}
I might just not understand how it all works and it might be a stupid question but I just want to understand the impact of having references! In my examle, couldnt I just have embedded the names and id's without stating a reference?!
...
similarProducts: {
name: {
type: [String]
},
id: [String]
}
...
Could someone explain to me the difference? Thank you so much!!
I try to insert multiple documents into my MongoDB collection, but whatever I do, I get a duplicate error. I made sure that there should be no duplicates possible by dropping the whole collection.
I tried it with .insertMany(), .save(), .create() - none of them do work. Though the docs get inserted, I still get the duplicate error 11000.
My function to insert the docs:
Words.prototype.addManyGeneralWordsEN = async function(words) {
await generalWordEN.create(words).then((res) => {
console.log(res)
})
.catch((err) => {
console.log(err.code)
})
}
// add words to database
await this.addManyGeneralWordsEN(wordsToAdd)
My schema:
const generalWordENSchema = new mongoose.Schema(
{
german: {
type: String,
required: true
},
english: {
type: String,
required: true
},
partOfSpeech: {
required: true,
type: String
},
example: {
default: null,
type: String,
},
defintion: {
default: null,
type: String,
},
image: {
default: null,
type: String,
},
audio: {
default: null,
type: String,
},
level: {
default: null,
type: Number,
},
}
)
generalWordENSchema.index({ german: 1, english: 1, partOfSpeech: 1}, { unique: true })
module.exports = generalWordENSchema
My sample data:
[
{
"english": "clothes",
"german": "Kleidung",
"partOfSpeech": "noun",
"example": "My wife's wardrobe is filled with beautiful clothes.",
"definition": "",
"image": "",
"audio": "",
"level": ""
},
{
"english": "men's clothing",
"german": "Herrenbekleidung",
"partOfSpeech": "noun",
"example": "Men's clothing is on the second floor.",
"definition": "",
"image": "",
"audio": "",
"level": ""
}
]
The problem is probably on this line
generalWordENSchema.index({ german: 1, english: 1, partOfSpeech: 1}, { unique: true })
You created an index for the collection and used partOfSpeech as unique, but you have two documents with the same value noun.
It should work if you change it to:
generalWordENSchema.index({ german: 1, english: 1 }, { unique: true });
You also have a typo on the Schema declaration that might cause you different issues. You typed defintion instead of definition.
I have a document structure that is deeply nested, like this:
{id: 1,
forecasts: [ {
forecast_id: 123,
name: "Forecast 1",
levels: [
{ level: "proven",
configs: [
{
config: "Custom 1",
variables: [{ x: 1, y:2, z:3}]
},
{
config: "Custom 2",
variables: [{ x: 10, y:20, z:30}]
},
]
},
{ level: "likely",
configs: [
{
config: "Custom 1",
variables: [{ x: 1, y:2, z:3}]
},
{
config: "Custom 2",
variables: [{ x: 10, y:20, z:30}]
},
]
}
]
},
]
}
I'm trying to update the collection to insert a new config, that looks like this:
newdata = {
config: "Custom 1",
variables: [{ x: 111, y:2222, z:3333}]
}
I'm trying something like this in mongo (in Python):
db.myCollection.update({"id": 1,
"forecasts.forecast-id": 123,
"forecasts.levels.level": "proven",
"forecasts.levels.configs.config": "Custom 1"
},
{"$set": {"forecasts.$.levels.$.configs.$": newData}}
)
I'm getting "Cannot apply the positional operator without a corresponding query field containing an array" error though. What is the proper way to do this in mongo? This is mongo v2.4.1.
Unfortunately, you can't use the $ operator more than once per key, so you have to use numeric values for the rest. As in:
db.myCollection.update({
"id": 1,
"forecasts.forecast-id": 123,
"forecasts.levels.level": "proven",
"forecasts.levels.configs.config": "Custom 1"
},
{"$set": {"forecasts.$.levels.0.configs.0": newData}}
)
MongoDB's support for updating nested arrays is poor. So you're best off avoiding their use if you need to update the data frequently, and consider using multiple collections instead.
One possibility: make forecasts its own collection, and assuming you have a fixed set of level values, make level an object instead of an array:
{
_id: 123,
parentId: 1,
name: "Forecast 1",
levels: {
proven: {
configs: [
{
config: "Custom 1",
variables: [{ x: 1, y:2, z:3}]
},
{
config: "Custom 2",
variables: [{ x: 10, y:20, z:30}]
},
]
},
likely: {
configs: [
{
config: "Custom 1",
variables: [{ x: 1, y:2, z:3}]
},
{
config: "Custom 2",
variables: [{ x: 10, y:20, z:30}]
},
]
}
}
}
Then you can update it using:
db.myCollection.update({
_id: 123,
'levels.proven.configs.config': 'Custom 1'
},
{ $set: { 'levels.proven.configs.$': newData }}
)
Managed to solve it with using mongoose:
All you need to know is the '_id's of all of the sub-document in the chain (mongoose automatically create '_id' for each sub-document).
for example -
SchemaName.findById(_id, function (e, data) {
if (e) console.log(e);
data.sub1.id(_id1).sub2.id(_id2).field = req.body.something;
// or if you want to change more then one field -
//=> var t = data.sub1.id(_id1).sub2.id(_id2);
//=> t.field = req.body.something;
data.save();
});
More about the sub-document _id method in mongoose documentation.
explanation:_id is for the SchemaName, _id1 for sub1 and _id2 for sub2 - you can keep chaining like that.
*You don't have to use findById method, but it's seem to me the most convenient as you need to know the rest of the '_id's anyway.
MongoDB has introduced ArrayFilters to tackle this issue in Version 3.5.2 and later.
New in version 3.6.
Starting in MongoDB 3.6, when updating an array field, you can specify
arrayFilters that determine which array elements to update.
[https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/reference/method/db.collection.update/#specify-arrayfilters-for-an-array-update-operations][1]
Let's say the Schema design as follows :
var ProfileSchema = new Schema({
name: String,
albums: [{
tour_name: String,
images: [{
title: String,
image: String
}]
}]
});
And Document created looks like this :
{
"_id": "1",
"albums": [{
"images": [
{
"title": "t1",
"url": "url1"
},
{
"title": "t2",
"url": "url2"
}
],
"tour_name": "london-trip"
},
{
"images": [.........]:
}]
}
Say I want to update the "url" of an image.
Given - "document id", "tour_name" and "title"
For this the update query :
Profiles.update({_id : req.body.id},
{
$set: {
'albums.$[i].images.$[j].title': req.body.new_name
}
},
{
arrayFilters: [
{
"i.tour_name": req.body.tour_name, "j.image": req.body.new_name // tour_name - current tour name, new_name - new tour name
}]
})
.then(function (resp) {
console.log(resp)
res.json({status: 'success', resp});
}).catch(function (err) {
console.log(err);
res.status(500).json('Failed');
})
This is a very OLD bug in MongoDB
https://jira.mongodb.org/browse/SERVER-831
I was facing same kind of problem today, and after lot of exploring on google/stackoverflow/github, I figured arrayFilters are the best solution to this problem. Which would work with mongo 3.6 and above.
This link finally saved my day: https://thecodebarbarian.com/a-nodejs-perspective-on-mongodb-36-array-filters.html
const OrganizationInformationSchema = mongoose.Schema({
user: {
_id: String,
name: String
},
organizations: [{
name: {
type: String,
unique: true,
sparse: true
},
rosters: [{
name: {
type: String
},
designation: {
type: String
}
}]
}]
}, {
timestamps: true
});
And using mongoose in express, updating the name of roster of given id.
const mongoose = require('mongoose');
const ControllerModel = require('../models/organizations.model.js');
module.exports = {
// Find one record from database and update.
findOneRosterAndUpdate: (req, res, next) => {
ControllerModel.updateOne({}, {
$set: {
"organizations.$[].rosters.$[i].name": req.body.name
}
}, {
arrayFilters: [
{ "i._id": mongoose.Types.ObjectId(req.params.id) }
]
}).then(response => {
res.send(response);
}).catch(err => {
res.status(500).send({
message: "Failed! record cannot be updated.",
err
});
});
}
}
It's fixed.
https://jira.mongodb.org/browse/SERVER-831
But this feature is available starting with the MongoDB 3.5.12 development version.
Note: This question asked on Aug 11 2013 and it's resolved on Aug 11 2017
Given how MongoDB doesn't appear to provide a good mechanism for this, I find it prudent to use mongoose to simply extract the element from the mongo collection using .findOne(...), run a for-loop search on its relevant subelements (seeking by say ObjectID), modify that JSON, then do Schema.markModified('your.subdocument'); Schema.save(); It's probably not efficient, but it is very simple and works fine.
I searched about this for about 5 hours and finally found the best and easiest solution:
HOW TO UPDATE NESTED SUB-DOCUMENTS IN MONGO DB
{id: 1,
forecasts: [ {
forecast_id: 123,
name: "Forecast 1",
levels: [
{
levelid:1221
levelname: "proven",
configs: [
{
config: "Custom 1",
variables: [{ x: 1, y:2, z:3}]
},
{
config: "Custom 2",
variables: [{ x: 10, y:20, z:30}]
},
]
},
{
levelid:1221
levelname: "likely",
configs: [
{
config: "Custom 1",
variables: [{ x: 1, y:2, z:3}]
},
{
config: "Custom 2",
variables: [{ x: 10, y:20, z:30}]
},
]
}
]
},
]}
Query:
db.weather.updateOne({
"_id": ObjectId("1"), //this is level O select
"forecasts": {
"$elemMatch": {
"forecast_id": ObjectId("123"), //this is level one select
"levels.levelid": ObjectId("1221") // this is level to select
}
}
},
{
"$set": {
"forecasts.$[outer].levels.$[inner].levelname": "New proven",
}
},
{
"arrayFilters": [
{ "outer.forecast_id": ObjectId("123") },
{ "inner.levelid": ObjectId("1221") }
]
}).then((result) => {
resolve(result);
}, (err) => {
reject(err);
});
Sharing my lessons learned. I faced the same requirement recently where i need to update a nested array item.
My structure is as follows
{
"main": {
"id": "ID_001",
"name": "Fred flinstone Inc"
},
"types": [
{
"typeId": "TYPE1",
"locations": [
{
"name": "Sydney",
"units": [
{
"unitId": "PHG_BTG1"
}
]
},
{
"name": "Brisbane",
"units": [
{
"unitId": "PHG_KTN1"
},
{
"unitId": "PHG_KTN2"
}
]
}
]
}
]
}
My requirement is to add some fields in a specific units[].
My solution is first to find the index of the nested array item (say foundUnitIdx)
The two techniques I used are
use the $set keyword
specify the dynamic field in $set using the [] syntax
query = {
"locations.units.unitId": "PHG_KTN2"
};
var updateItem = {
$set: {
["locations.$.units."+ foundUnitIdx]: unitItem
}
};
var result = collection.update(
query,
updateItem,
{
upsert: true
}
);
Hope this helps others. :)
EASY SOLUTION FOR Mongodb 3.2+
https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/reference/method/db.collection.replaceOne/
I had a similar situation and solved it like this. I was using mongoose, but it should still work in vanilla MongoDB. Hope it's useful to someone.
const MyModel = require('./model.js')
const query = {id: 1}
// First get the doc
MyModel.findOne(query, (error, doc) => {
// Do some mutations
doc.foo.bar.etc = 'some new value'
// Pass in the mutated doc and replace
MyModel.replaceOne(query, doc, (error, newDoc) => {
console.log('It worked!')
})
}
Depending on your use case, you might be able to skip the initial findOne()
Okkk.we can update our nested subdocument in mongodb.this is our schema.
var Post = new mongoose.Schema({
name:String,
post:[{
like:String,
comment:[{
date:String,
username:String,
detail:{
time:String,
day:String
}
}]
}]
})
solution for this schema
Test.update({"post._id":"58206a6aa7b5b99e32b7eb58"},
{$set:{"post.$.comment.0.detail.time":"aajtk"}},
function(err,data){
//data is updated
})
After populating data i get result not as expected.
Example:
//User.js Model
module.exports = {
attributes: {
//"id" attribute is here primary key by default
schools: { collection: 'School', via: 'id' },
name: { type: 'String', trim: true, required: true }
}
}
And this is my School.js
//School.js Model
module.exports = {
attributes: {
//"id" attribute is here primary key by default
name: { type: 'String', trim: true, required: true },
}
}
My User entity data looks like this:
//User document in MongoDB
{
_id: 1,
name: "Foo",
schools: [1,2,3]
}
My School entity data looks like this:
//School documents in MongoDB
{
_id: 1,
name: "School 1"
}
{
_id: 2,
name: "School 2"
}
{
_id: 3,
name: "School 3"
}
Now i want to populate the schools. I do it like this:
User.find().populate("schools").exec(function(err, res){ console.log(res[0]) });
And this is what i get as a result:
{
schools: [Getter/Setter],
name: "Foo",
id: 1
}
Expected:
{
schools: [
{id: 1, name: "School 1"},
{id: 2, name: "School 2"},
{id: 3, name: "School 3"}
],
name: "Foo",
id: 1
}
How can i get expected results?
I use MongoDB as data storage.
Versions:
Sails.js: v0.10.0-rc5
Waterline: v0.10.0-rc7
sails-mongo: 0.10.0-rc2
Those are the expected results when using console.log! If you want to see the expanded object, do:
console.log(res[0].toObject());
I have a document structure that is deeply nested, like this:
{id: 1,
forecasts: [ {
forecast_id: 123,
name: "Forecast 1",
levels: [
{ level: "proven",
configs: [
{
config: "Custom 1",
variables: [{ x: 1, y:2, z:3}]
},
{
config: "Custom 2",
variables: [{ x: 10, y:20, z:30}]
},
]
},
{ level: "likely",
configs: [
{
config: "Custom 1",
variables: [{ x: 1, y:2, z:3}]
},
{
config: "Custom 2",
variables: [{ x: 10, y:20, z:30}]
},
]
}
]
},
]
}
I'm trying to update the collection to insert a new config, that looks like this:
newdata = {
config: "Custom 1",
variables: [{ x: 111, y:2222, z:3333}]
}
I'm trying something like this in mongo (in Python):
db.myCollection.update({"id": 1,
"forecasts.forecast-id": 123,
"forecasts.levels.level": "proven",
"forecasts.levels.configs.config": "Custom 1"
},
{"$set": {"forecasts.$.levels.$.configs.$": newData}}
)
I'm getting "Cannot apply the positional operator without a corresponding query field containing an array" error though. What is the proper way to do this in mongo? This is mongo v2.4.1.
Unfortunately, you can't use the $ operator more than once per key, so you have to use numeric values for the rest. As in:
db.myCollection.update({
"id": 1,
"forecasts.forecast-id": 123,
"forecasts.levels.level": "proven",
"forecasts.levels.configs.config": "Custom 1"
},
{"$set": {"forecasts.$.levels.0.configs.0": newData}}
)
MongoDB's support for updating nested arrays is poor. So you're best off avoiding their use if you need to update the data frequently, and consider using multiple collections instead.
One possibility: make forecasts its own collection, and assuming you have a fixed set of level values, make level an object instead of an array:
{
_id: 123,
parentId: 1,
name: "Forecast 1",
levels: {
proven: {
configs: [
{
config: "Custom 1",
variables: [{ x: 1, y:2, z:3}]
},
{
config: "Custom 2",
variables: [{ x: 10, y:20, z:30}]
},
]
},
likely: {
configs: [
{
config: "Custom 1",
variables: [{ x: 1, y:2, z:3}]
},
{
config: "Custom 2",
variables: [{ x: 10, y:20, z:30}]
},
]
}
}
}
Then you can update it using:
db.myCollection.update({
_id: 123,
'levels.proven.configs.config': 'Custom 1'
},
{ $set: { 'levels.proven.configs.$': newData }}
)
Managed to solve it with using mongoose:
All you need to know is the '_id's of all of the sub-document in the chain (mongoose automatically create '_id' for each sub-document).
for example -
SchemaName.findById(_id, function (e, data) {
if (e) console.log(e);
data.sub1.id(_id1).sub2.id(_id2).field = req.body.something;
// or if you want to change more then one field -
//=> var t = data.sub1.id(_id1).sub2.id(_id2);
//=> t.field = req.body.something;
data.save();
});
More about the sub-document _id method in mongoose documentation.
explanation:_id is for the SchemaName, _id1 for sub1 and _id2 for sub2 - you can keep chaining like that.
*You don't have to use findById method, but it's seem to me the most convenient as you need to know the rest of the '_id's anyway.
MongoDB has introduced ArrayFilters to tackle this issue in Version 3.5.2 and later.
New in version 3.6.
Starting in MongoDB 3.6, when updating an array field, you can specify
arrayFilters that determine which array elements to update.
[https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/reference/method/db.collection.update/#specify-arrayfilters-for-an-array-update-operations][1]
Let's say the Schema design as follows :
var ProfileSchema = new Schema({
name: String,
albums: [{
tour_name: String,
images: [{
title: String,
image: String
}]
}]
});
And Document created looks like this :
{
"_id": "1",
"albums": [{
"images": [
{
"title": "t1",
"url": "url1"
},
{
"title": "t2",
"url": "url2"
}
],
"tour_name": "london-trip"
},
{
"images": [.........]:
}]
}
Say I want to update the "url" of an image.
Given - "document id", "tour_name" and "title"
For this the update query :
Profiles.update({_id : req.body.id},
{
$set: {
'albums.$[i].images.$[j].title': req.body.new_name
}
},
{
arrayFilters: [
{
"i.tour_name": req.body.tour_name, "j.image": req.body.new_name // tour_name - current tour name, new_name - new tour name
}]
})
.then(function (resp) {
console.log(resp)
res.json({status: 'success', resp});
}).catch(function (err) {
console.log(err);
res.status(500).json('Failed');
})
This is a very OLD bug in MongoDB
https://jira.mongodb.org/browse/SERVER-831
I was facing same kind of problem today, and after lot of exploring on google/stackoverflow/github, I figured arrayFilters are the best solution to this problem. Which would work with mongo 3.6 and above.
This link finally saved my day: https://thecodebarbarian.com/a-nodejs-perspective-on-mongodb-36-array-filters.html
const OrganizationInformationSchema = mongoose.Schema({
user: {
_id: String,
name: String
},
organizations: [{
name: {
type: String,
unique: true,
sparse: true
},
rosters: [{
name: {
type: String
},
designation: {
type: String
}
}]
}]
}, {
timestamps: true
});
And using mongoose in express, updating the name of roster of given id.
const mongoose = require('mongoose');
const ControllerModel = require('../models/organizations.model.js');
module.exports = {
// Find one record from database and update.
findOneRosterAndUpdate: (req, res, next) => {
ControllerModel.updateOne({}, {
$set: {
"organizations.$[].rosters.$[i].name": req.body.name
}
}, {
arrayFilters: [
{ "i._id": mongoose.Types.ObjectId(req.params.id) }
]
}).then(response => {
res.send(response);
}).catch(err => {
res.status(500).send({
message: "Failed! record cannot be updated.",
err
});
});
}
}
It's fixed.
https://jira.mongodb.org/browse/SERVER-831
But this feature is available starting with the MongoDB 3.5.12 development version.
Note: This question asked on Aug 11 2013 and it's resolved on Aug 11 2017
Given how MongoDB doesn't appear to provide a good mechanism for this, I find it prudent to use mongoose to simply extract the element from the mongo collection using .findOne(...), run a for-loop search on its relevant subelements (seeking by say ObjectID), modify that JSON, then do Schema.markModified('your.subdocument'); Schema.save(); It's probably not efficient, but it is very simple and works fine.
I searched about this for about 5 hours and finally found the best and easiest solution:
HOW TO UPDATE NESTED SUB-DOCUMENTS IN MONGO DB
{id: 1,
forecasts: [ {
forecast_id: 123,
name: "Forecast 1",
levels: [
{
levelid:1221
levelname: "proven",
configs: [
{
config: "Custom 1",
variables: [{ x: 1, y:2, z:3}]
},
{
config: "Custom 2",
variables: [{ x: 10, y:20, z:30}]
},
]
},
{
levelid:1221
levelname: "likely",
configs: [
{
config: "Custom 1",
variables: [{ x: 1, y:2, z:3}]
},
{
config: "Custom 2",
variables: [{ x: 10, y:20, z:30}]
},
]
}
]
},
]}
Query:
db.weather.updateOne({
"_id": ObjectId("1"), //this is level O select
"forecasts": {
"$elemMatch": {
"forecast_id": ObjectId("123"), //this is level one select
"levels.levelid": ObjectId("1221") // this is level to select
}
}
},
{
"$set": {
"forecasts.$[outer].levels.$[inner].levelname": "New proven",
}
},
{
"arrayFilters": [
{ "outer.forecast_id": ObjectId("123") },
{ "inner.levelid": ObjectId("1221") }
]
}).then((result) => {
resolve(result);
}, (err) => {
reject(err);
});
Sharing my lessons learned. I faced the same requirement recently where i need to update a nested array item.
My structure is as follows
{
"main": {
"id": "ID_001",
"name": "Fred flinstone Inc"
},
"types": [
{
"typeId": "TYPE1",
"locations": [
{
"name": "Sydney",
"units": [
{
"unitId": "PHG_BTG1"
}
]
},
{
"name": "Brisbane",
"units": [
{
"unitId": "PHG_KTN1"
},
{
"unitId": "PHG_KTN2"
}
]
}
]
}
]
}
My requirement is to add some fields in a specific units[].
My solution is first to find the index of the nested array item (say foundUnitIdx)
The two techniques I used are
use the $set keyword
specify the dynamic field in $set using the [] syntax
query = {
"locations.units.unitId": "PHG_KTN2"
};
var updateItem = {
$set: {
["locations.$.units."+ foundUnitIdx]: unitItem
}
};
var result = collection.update(
query,
updateItem,
{
upsert: true
}
);
Hope this helps others. :)
EASY SOLUTION FOR Mongodb 3.2+
https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/reference/method/db.collection.replaceOne/
I had a similar situation and solved it like this. I was using mongoose, but it should still work in vanilla MongoDB. Hope it's useful to someone.
const MyModel = require('./model.js')
const query = {id: 1}
// First get the doc
MyModel.findOne(query, (error, doc) => {
// Do some mutations
doc.foo.bar.etc = 'some new value'
// Pass in the mutated doc and replace
MyModel.replaceOne(query, doc, (error, newDoc) => {
console.log('It worked!')
})
}
Depending on your use case, you might be able to skip the initial findOne()
Okkk.we can update our nested subdocument in mongodb.this is our schema.
var Post = new mongoose.Schema({
name:String,
post:[{
like:String,
comment:[{
date:String,
username:String,
detail:{
time:String,
day:String
}
}]
}]
})
solution for this schema
Test.update({"post._id":"58206a6aa7b5b99e32b7eb58"},
{$set:{"post.$.comment.0.detail.time":"aajtk"}},
function(err,data){
//data is updated
})