Animating Bindings in SwiftUI - swift

I have the following code which partially shows or hides the Test view depending on a Binding<Bool>. I can wrap the testVisible.toggle() call in a withAnimation, however, ideally I would like to ensure that visible binding is always animated, even when called without a withAnimation. How can I make sure that whenever visible binding is changed, the change is animated?
struct ContentView: View {
#State var testVisible: Bool = true
var body: some View {
ZStack {
Color.white
.onTapGesture {
testVisible.toggle()
}
Test(visible: $testVisible)
}
}
}
struct Test: View {
#Binding var visible: Bool
var body: some View {
Text("Test")
.opacity(visible ? 0.5 : 0)
}
}

Add a .animation() modifier to the Text view:
struct Test: View {
#Binding var visible: Bool
var body: some View {
Text("Test")
.opacity(visible ? 0.5 : 0)
.animation(.linear(duration: 0.5))
}
}

The simple .animation() modifier is deprecated in iOS 15 and macOS 12. You need to add a value, which the animation is based on:
struct Test: View {
#Binding var visible: Bool
var body: some View {
Text("Test")
.opacity(visible ? 0.5 : 0)
.animation(.linear(duration: 0.5), value: visible)
}
}

Related

Window size does not respect animation in SwiftUI-macOS

I want remove a green view with no animation but displace a blue view when the green view gone with animation.
The code is like this in below, this works well in iOS, but not in macOS, because in macOS the window size change with no respect to happening animation, how could I refactor my codes that window size change size responsible to animation, that I could be able to see the entire animation.
struct ContentView: View {
#State private var isPresented: Bool = true
var body: some View {
if (isPresented) {
Color.green.frame(height: 400.0)
}
Color.blue.frame(height: 100.0).onTapGesture {
isPresented.toggle()
}
.animation(Animation.linear(duration: 3.0), value: isPresented)
}
}
ios:
macOS:
updated part for macOS:
struct ContentView: View {
#State private var isPresented: Bool = true
var body: some View {
VStack {
Color.green.frame(height: isPresented ? 400.0 : 0.0)
Color.blue.frame(height: 100.0).onTapGesture {
isPresented.toggle()
}
}
.animation(Animation.linear(duration: 3.0), value: isPresented)
}
}

Can you animate a SwiftUI View on disappear?

I have a SwiftUI View which has a custom animation that runs onAppear. I am trying to get the view to animate onDisappear too but it just immediately vanishes.
The below example reproduces the problem - the MyText view should slide in from the left and slide out to the right. The id modifier is used to ensure a new view is rendered each time the value changes, and I have confirmed that both onAppear and onDisappear are indeed called each time, but the animation onDisappear never visibly runs. How can I achieve this?
struct Survey: View {
#State private var id = 0
var body: some View {
VStack {
MyText(text: "\(id)").id(id)
Button("Increment") {
self.id += 1
}
}
}
struct MyText: View {
#State private var offset: CGFloat = -100
let text: String
var body: some View {
return Text(text)
.offset(x: offset)
.onAppear() {
withAnimation(.easeInOut(duration: 2)) {
self.offset = 0
}
}
.onDisappear() {
withAnimation(.easeInOut(duration: 2)) {
self.offset = 100
}
}
}
}
}
Probably you wanted transition, something like
Update: re-tested with Xcode 13.4 / iOS 15.5
struct Survey: View {
#State private var id = 0
var body: some View {
VStack {
MyText(text: "\(id)")
Button("Increment") {
self.id += 1
}
}
}
struct MyText: View {
var text: String
var body: some View {
Text("\(text)").id(text)
.frame(maxWidth: .infinity)
.transition(.slide)
.animation(.easeInOut(duration: 2), value: text)
}
}
}
I'm afraid it can't work since the .onDisappear modifier is called once the view is hidden.
However there is a nice answer here :
Is there a SwiftUI equivalent for viewWillDisappear(_:) or detect when a view is about to be removed?

Modifying a #State var from a #Binding var isn't refreshing the view in SwiftUI

So I have a ParentView which contains a FilterBar and a List. It looks something like this:
struct ParentView: View {
#State var listCellModels: [ListCellModel]
// Both these vars are passed to the FilterBar and adjusted by the FilterBar
#State var isEditing: Bool = false
#State var selectedType: FilterType = .none
// When selected type is changed, I need to reload the models in the list with the new filter
private var filteredModels: [ListCellModel] {
return listCellModels.filter{
(selectedType.rawValue == 0 || $0.approved.rawValue == selectedType.rawValue)
}
}
var body: some View {
VStack {
FilterBar(isEditing: $isEditing, selectedType: $selectedType)
// All the items in the list are buttons that display a custom view I had
// this works fine, and when isEditing is changed the view DOES update
List(filteredModels) { model in
Button(action: {
// Does a thing
}, label: {
ListViewCell(model: model, isEditing: self.$isEditing)
})
}
}
}
}
My Filter bar is just a simple HStack with a couple buttons that modify the variables
struct FilterBar: View {
#Binding var isEditing: Bool
#Binding var selectedType: FilterType
var body: some View {
HStack(alignment: .center) {
Button(action: {
self.selectedType = FilterType.init(rawValue: (self.selectedType.rawValue + 1) % 4)!
}, label: {
Text("Filter: \(selectedType.name)")
}).padding(.top).padding(.leading)
Spacer()
Button(action: {
self.isEditing = !self.isEditing
}, label: {
Text(!isEditing ? "Edit" : "Done")
}).padding(.top).padding(.trailing)
}
}
}
When I tap the button that changes isEditing, all of the cells in the list update to show their "Editing" states, but when i tap the button to change selectedType, the variable in the parent view does get updated, as I've observed in the debugger - however the view does not reload. So it appears as if the old filter is still being applied.
Is there any reason why updating this #State var is not reloading the view?
Are there any workarounds?
Well, it is like... workaround... but for testing, try
FilterBar(isEditing: $isEditing, selectedType: $selectedType)
if selectedType != .none {
EmptyView()
}
In general, it would be correct to introduce view model as ObservableObject and have filteredModels in it as #Published, so your FilterBar changed that property, which will automatically refreshed the ParentView.

SwiftUI: Global Overlay That Can Be Triggered From Any View

I'm quite new to the SwiftUI framework and I haven't wrapped my head around all of it yet so please bear with me.
Is there a way to trigger an "overlay view" from inside "another view" when its binding changes? See illustration below:
I figure this "overlay view" would wrap all my views. I'm not sure how to do this yet - maybe using ZIndex. I also guess I'd need some sort of callback when the binding changes, but I'm also not sure how to do that either.
This is what I've got so far:
ContentView
struct ContentView : View {
#State private var liked: Bool = false
var body: some View {
VStack {
LikeButton(liked: $liked)
}
}
}
LikeButton
struct LikeButton : View {
#Binding var liked: Bool
var body: some View {
Button(action: { self.toggleLiked() }) {
Image(systemName: liked ? "heart" : "heart.fill")
}
}
private func toggleLiked() {
self.liked = !self.liked
// NEED SOME SORT OF TOAST CALLBACK HERE
}
}
I feel like I need some sort of callback inside my LikeButton, but I'm not sure how this all works in Swift.
Any help with this would be appreciated. Thanks in advance!
It's quite easy - and entertaining - to build a "toast" in SwiftUI!
Let's do it!
struct Toast<Presenting>: View where Presenting: View {
/// The binding that decides the appropriate drawing in the body.
#Binding var isShowing: Bool
/// The view that will be "presenting" this toast
let presenting: () -> Presenting
/// The text to show
let text: Text
var body: some View {
GeometryReader { geometry in
ZStack(alignment: .center) {
self.presenting()
.blur(radius: self.isShowing ? 1 : 0)
VStack {
self.text
}
.frame(width: geometry.size.width / 2,
height: geometry.size.height / 5)
.background(Color.secondary.colorInvert())
.foregroundColor(Color.primary)
.cornerRadius(20)
.transition(.slide)
.opacity(self.isShowing ? 1 : 0)
}
}
}
}
Explanation of the body:
GeometryReader gives us the preferred size of the superview , thus allowing the perfect sizing for our Toast.
ZStack stacks views on top of each other.
The logic is trivial: if the toast is not supposed to be seen (isShowing == false), then we render the presenting view. If the toast has to be presented (isShowing == true), then we render the presenting view with a little bit of blur - because we can - and we create our toast next.
The toast is just a VStack with a Text, with custom frame sizing, some design bells and whistles (colors and corner radius), and a default slide transition.
I added this method on View to make the Toast creation easier:
extension View {
func toast(isShowing: Binding<Bool>, text: Text) -> some View {
Toast(isShowing: isShowing,
presenting: { self },
text: text)
}
}
And a little demo on how to use it:
struct ContentView: View {
#State var showToast: Bool = false
var body: some View {
NavigationView {
List(0..<100) { item in
Text("\(item)")
}
.navigationBarTitle(Text("A List"), displayMode: .large)
.navigationBarItems(trailing: Button(action: {
withAnimation {
self.showToast.toggle()
}
}){
Text("Toggle toast")
})
}
.toast(isShowing: $showToast, text: Text("Hello toast!"))
}
}
I used a NavigationView to make sure the view fills the entire screen, so the Toast is sized and positioned correctly.
The withAnimation block ensures the Toast transition is applied.
How it looks:
It's easy to extend the Toast with the power of SwiftUI DSL.
The Text property can easily become a #ViewBuilder closure to accomodate the most extravagant of the layouts.
To add it to your content view:
struct ContentView : View {
#State private var liked: Bool = false
var body: some View {
VStack {
LikeButton(liked: $liked)
}
// make it bigger by using "frame" or wrapping it in "NavigationView"
.toast(isShowing: $liked, text: Text("Hello toast!"))
}
}
How to hide the toast afte 2 seconds (as requested):
Append this code after .transition(.slide) in the toast VStack.
.onAppear {
DispatchQueue.main.asyncAfter(deadline: .now() + 2) {
withAnimation {
self.isShowing = false
}
}
}
Tested on Xcode 11.1
I modified Matteo Pacini's great answer, above, incorporating comments to have the Toast fade in and fade out after a delay. I also modified the View extension to be a bit more generic, and to accept a trailing closure similar to the way .sheet works.
ContentView.swift:
struct ContentView: View {
#State private var lightsOn: Bool = false
#State private var showToast: Bool = false
var body: some View {
VStack {
Button(action: {
if (!self.showToast) {
self.lightsOn.toggle()
withAnimation {
self.showToast = true
}
}
}){
Text("switch")
} //Button
.padding(.top)
Image(systemName: self.lightsOn ? "lightbulb" : "lightbulb.fill")
.resizable()
.aspectRatio(contentMode: .fit)
.padding(.all)
.toast(isPresented: self.$showToast) {
HStack {
Text("Lights: \(self.lightsOn ? "ON" : "OFF")")
Image(systemName: self.lightsOn ? "lightbulb" : "lightbulb.fill")
} //HStack
} //toast
} //VStack
} //body
} //ContentView
View+Toast.swift:
extension View {
func toast<Content>(isPresented: Binding<Bool>, content: #escaping () -> Content) -> some View where Content: View {
Toast(
isPresented: isPresented,
presenter: { self },
content: content
)
}
}
Toast.swift:
struct Toast<Presenting, Content>: View where Presenting: View, Content: View {
#Binding var isPresented: Bool
let presenter: () -> Presenting
let content: () -> Content
let delay: TimeInterval = 2
var body: some View {
if self.isPresented {
DispatchQueue.main.asyncAfter(deadline: .now() + self.delay) {
withAnimation {
self.isPresented = false
}
}
}
return GeometryReader { geometry in
ZStack(alignment: .bottom) {
self.presenter()
ZStack {
Capsule()
.fill(Color.gray)
self.content()
} //ZStack (inner)
.frame(width: geometry.size.width / 1.25, height: geometry.size.height / 10)
.opacity(self.isPresented ? 1 : 0)
} //ZStack (outer)
.padding(.bottom)
} //GeometryReader
} //body
} //Toast
With this you could toast Text, or an Image (or both, as shown below), or any other View.
here is the how to overlay on all of your views including NavigationView!
create a class model to store your views!
class ParentView:ObservableObject {
#Published var view:AnyView = AnyView(EmptyView())
}
create the model in your parrent view and call it in your view hierarchy
pass this class to your environment object of your parent view
struct Example: View {
#StateObject var parentView = ParentView()
var body: some View {
ZStack{
NavigationView{
ChildView()
.environmentObject(parentView)
.navigationTitle("dynamic parent view")
}
parentView.view
}
}
}
from now on you can call parentview in your child view by
#EnvironmentObject var parentView:ParentView
then for example in your tap gesture, you can change the parent view and show a pop up that covers everything including your navigationviews
#StateObject var parentView = ParentView()
here is the full solution copy and play with it in your preview!
import SwiftUI
class ParentView:ObservableObject {
#Published var view:AnyView = AnyView(EmptyView())
}
struct example: View {
#StateObject var parentView = ParentView()
var body: some View {
ZStack{
NavigationView{
ChildView()
.environmentObject(parentView)
.navigationTitle("dynamic parent view")
}
parentView.view
}
}
}
struct ChildView: View {
#EnvironmentObject var parentView:ParentView
var body: some View {
ZStack{
Text("hello")
.onTapGesture {
parentView.view = AnyView(Color.red.opacity(0.4).ignoresSafeArea())
}
}
}
}
struct example_Previews: PreviewProvider {
static var previews: some View {
example()
}
}
also you can improve this dramatically like this...!
struct ParentViewModifire:ViewModifier {
#EnvironmentObject var parentView:ParentView
#Binding var presented:Bool
let anyView:AnyView
func body(content: Content) -> some View {
content
.onChange(of: presented, perform: { value in
if value {
parentView.view = anyView
}
})
}
}
extension View {
func overlayAll<Overlay>(_ overlay: Overlay, presented: Binding<Bool>) -> some View where Overlay : View {
self
.modifier(ParentViewModifire(presented: presented, anyView: AnyView(overlay)))
}
}
now in your child view you can call this modifier on your view
struct ChildView: View {
#State var newItemPopUp:Bool = false
var body: some View {
ZStack{
Text("hello")
.overlayAll(newCardPopup, presented: $newItemPopUp)
}
}
}
App-wide View
If you want it to be app-wide, put in somewhere app-wide! For example, you can add it to the MyProjectApp.swift (or in sceneDelegate for UIKit/AppDelegate projects) file like this:
Note that the button and the State are just for more explanation and you may consider changing them in the way you like
#main
struct SwiftUIAppPlaygroundApp: App { // <- Note that where we are!
#State var showToast = false
var body: some Scene {
WindowGroup {
Button("App-Wide Button") { showToast.toggle() }
ZStack {
ContentView() // <- The app flow
if showToast {
MyCustomToastView().ignoresSafeArea(.all, edges: .all) // <- App-wide overlays
}
}
}
}
}
See? now you can add any sort of view on anywhere of the screen, without blocking animations. Just convert that #State to some sort of AppState like Observables or Environments and boom! 💥 you did it!
Note that it is a demo, you should use an environment variable or smt to be able for changing it from outside of this view's body
Apple does not currently provide any APIs that allow you to make global views similar to their own alert pop-ups.
In fact these views are actually still using UIKit under the hood.
If you want your own global pop-ups you can sort of hack your own (note this isn't tested, but something very similar should work for global presentation of toasts):
import SwiftUI
import Foundation
/// Global class that will manage toasts
class ToastPresenter: ObservableObject {
// This static property probably isn't even needed as you can inject via #EnvironmentObject
static let shared: ToastPresenter = ToastPresenter()
private init() {}
#Published private(set) var isPresented: Bool = false
private(set) var text: String?
private var timer: Timer?
/// Call this function to present toasts
func presentToast(text: String, duration: TimeInterval = 5) {
// reset the toast if one is currently being presented.
isPresented = false
self.text = nil
timer?.invalidate()
self.text = text
isPresented = true
timer = Timer(timeInterval: duration, repeats: false) { [weak self] _ in
self?.isPresented = false
}
}
}
/// The UI for a toast
struct Toast: View {
var text: String
var body: some View {
Text(text)
.padding()
.background(Capsule().fill(Color.gray))
.shadow(radius: 6)
.transition(AnyTransition.opacity.animation(.default))
}
}
extension View {
/// ViewModifier that will present a toast when its binding changes
#ViewBuilder func toast(presented: Binding<Bool>, text: String) -> some View {
ZStack {
self
if presented.wrappedValue {
Toast(text: text)
}
}
.ignoresSafeArea(.all, edges: .all)
}
}
/// The first view in your app's view hierarchy
struct RootView: View {
#StateObject var toastPresenter = ToastPresenter.shared
var body: some View {
MyAppMainView()
.toast(presented: $toastPresenter.isPresented, text: toastPresenter.text)
// Inject the toast presenter into the view hierarchy
.environmentObject(toastPresenter)
}
}
/// Some view later on in the app
struct SomeViewDeepInTheHierarchy: View {
#EnvironmentObject var toastPresenter: ToastPresenter
var body: some View {
Button {
toastPresenter.presentToast(text: "Hello World")
} label: {
Text("Show Toast")
}
}
}
Use .presentation() to show an alert when the button is tapped.
In LikeButton:
#Binding var liked: Bool
var body: some View {
Button(action: {self.liked = !self.liked}, label: {
Image(systemName: liked ? "heart.fill" : "heart")
}).presentation($liked) { () -> Alert in
Alert.init(title: Text("Thanks for liking!"))
}
}
You can also use .presentation() to present other Modal views, like a Popover or ActionSheet. See here and the "See Also" section on that page in Apple's SwiftUI documentation for info on the different .presentation() options.
Edit: Example of what you want with a custom view using Popover:
#State var liked = false
let popover = Popover(content: Text("Thanks for liking!").frame(width: 200, height: 100).background(Color.white), dismissHandler: {})
var body: some View {
Button(action: {self.liked = !self.liked}, label: {
Image(systemName: liked ? "heart.fill" : "heart")
}).presentation(liked ? popover : nil)
}
I am using this open source: https://github.com/huynguyencong/ToastSwiftUI . It is very simple to use.
struct ContentView: View {
#State private var isShowingToast = false
var body: some View {
VStack(spacing: 20) {
Button("Show toast") {
self.isShowingToast = true
}
Spacer()
}
.padding()
// Just add a modifier to show a toast, with binding variable to control
.toast(isPresenting: $isShowingToast, dismissType: .after(3)) {
ToastView(message: "Hello world!", icon: .info)
}
}
}

Repeating Action Continuously In SwiftUI

How can I make an element such as a text field scale up and then down continuously?
I have this:
struct ContentView : View {
#State var size:Double = 0.5
var body: some View {
ZStack {
Text("Hello!")
.padding()
.scaleEffect(size)
}
}
}
I know I need to increase size and then decrease it in some sort of loop but the following cannot be done in SwiftUI:
while true {
self.size += 0.8
sleep(0.2)
self.size -= 0.8
}
A possible solution is to use a (repeating, auto-reversing) animation:
struct ContentView : View {
#State var size: CGFloat = 0.5
var repeatingAnimation: Animation {
Animation
.easeInOut(duration: 2) //.easeIn, .easyOut, .linear, etc...
.repeatForever()
}
var body: some View {
Text("Hello!")
.padding()
.scaleEffect(size)
.onAppear() {
withAnimation(self.repeatingAnimation) { self.size = 1.3 }
}
}
}
Animation.basic is deprecated. Basic animations are now named after their curve types: like linear, etc:
var foreverAnimation: Animation {
Animation.linear(duration: 0.3)
.repeatForever()
}
Source:
https://forums.swift.org/t/swiftui-animation-basic-duration-curve-deprecated/27076
The best way is to create separate animation struct and configure all the options you need(this way your code will be more compact).
To make it more clear and logical use #State property isAnimating. You will be able to stop your animation and resume again and understand when it is in progress.
#State private var isAnimating = false
var foreverAnimation: Animation {
Animation.linear(duration: 0.3)
.repeatForever()
}
var body: some View {
Text("Hello")
.scaleEffect(isAnimating ? 1.5 : 1)
.animation(foreverAnimation)
.onAppear {
self.isAnimating = true
}
}
Using a repeating animation on a view has weird behaviour when used inside if statements.
If you want to do:
if something {
BlinkingView()
}
use a transition with an animation modifier, otherwise the view stays on the screen even after something is set to false.
I made this extension to show a view that repeats change from one state to the next and back:
extension AnyTransition {
static func repeating<T: ViewModifier>(from: T, to: T, duration: Double = 1) -> AnyTransition {
.asymmetric(
insertion: AnyTransition
.modifier(active: from, identity: to)
.animation(Animation.easeInOut(duration: duration).repeatForever())
.combined(with: .opacity),
removal: .opacity
)
}
}
This makes the view appear and disappear with AnyTransition.opacity and while it is shown it switches between the from and to state with a delay of duration.
Example usage:
struct Opacity: ViewModifier {
private let opacity: Double
init(_ opacity: Double) {
self.opacity = opacity
}
func body(content: Content) -> some View {
content.opacity(opacity)
}
}
struct ContentView: View {
#State var showBlinkingView: Bool = false
var body: some View {
VStack {
if showBlinkingView {
Text("I am blinking")
.transition(.repeating(from: Opacity(0.3), to: Opacity(0.7)))
}
Spacer()
Button(action: {
self.showBlinkingView.toggle()
}, label: {
Text("Toggle blinking view")
})
}.padding(.vertical, 50)
}
}
Edit:
When the show condition is true on appear, the transition doesn't start. To fix this I do toggle the condition on appear of the superview (The VStack in my example):
.onAppear {
if self.showBlinkingView {
self.showBlinkingView.toggle()
DispatchQueue.main.async {
self.showBlinkingView.toggle()
}
}
}