I'm actually working my way through Bruce Payette's Powershell in Action and run to a code snippet I actually don't understand.
$characterData = #{
'Linus' = #{ age = 8; human = $true}
'Lucy' = #{ age = 8; human = $true}
'Snoopy' = #{ age = 2; human = $true}
}
function Get-Character ($name = '*')
{
foreach ($entry in $characterData.GetEnumerator() | Write-Output)
{
if ($entry.Key -like $name)
{
$properties = #{ 'Name' = $entry.Key } +
$entry.Value
New-Object PSCustomObject -Property $properties
}
}
}
My problem is that I don't understand why Write-Output is used in foreach ($entry in $characterData.GetEnumerator() | Write-Output)? Can this syntax be interpreted as equivalent to $characterData.GetEnumerator() | ForEach-Object { ... ?
Thx
Related
I have an array of hashtables and I am trying to filter it to those who has a property value to true, but this what I am doing does not looks good.
# object looks like this
$array = #(
#{ Name = 'First'; Passed = $true }
#{ Name = 'Second'; Passed = $false }
)
function Filter {
Param($array)
$filtered = #()
foreach ($item in $array) {
if ($item.Passed = $true) {
$filtered += $item
}
}
return $filtered
}
Is there any other way I can get all elements who has property Passed = $True without the need to add those to another array.
Just pipe your array into a Where-Object like so:
$array = #(
#{ Name = 'First'; Passed = $True }
#{ Name = 'First'; Passed = $False }
)
$array = $array | Where-Object Passed -EQ $True
I am trying to create my own service comparison script. I see some online but want to do this myself. I've only gotten so far. I keep getting confused.
The desired output is with the following format. It doesn't even have to show what's different. I just want to see what the previous state was compared to the current state. I did a compare-object and it didn't give me the format I desired. I then thought maybe I should just do two nested loops and create a new object with the states I want in it. It didn't work out correctly, it returns an array. So then I thought, maybe a for loop in the foreach loop... I keep confusing myself and it's so close.
You have to provide a csv with some services to compare to to make this work as part of it's paramaters.
Usage
Inspect-ServiceSnapshot -SnapshotPath "C:\YourPath"
Desired output
Name CurrentState PreviousState
app1 Running Stopped
Code So Far
function Inspect-ServiceSnapshot {
[CmdletBinding()]
param (
#Snapshot
[Parameter(Mandatory=$true)]
[ValidatePattern("C:")]
[string]
$SnapshotPath,
# timer
[Parameter(Mandatory=$false)]
[int]
$TimeToWait
)
if($TimeToWait -ne $null) {
Start-Sleep -Seconds $TimeToWait
$list = #()
$old = Import-Csv -Path $SnapshotPath
foreach($entry in (get-service)) {
foreach($oldItem in $old) {
$object = New-Object -TypeName psobject -Property #{
Name = $entry.Name
CurrentStatus = $entry.status
DisplayName = $entry.displayname
PreviousStatus = $oldItem.status
}
$list += $object
}
}
$list
} else {
$list = #()
$old = Import-Csv -Path $SnapshotPath
foreach($entry in (get-service)) {
foreach($oldItem in $old) {
$object = New-Object -TypeName psobject -Property #{
Name = $entry.Name
CurrentStatus = $entry.status
DisplayName = $entry.displayname
PreviousStatus = $oldItem.status
}
$list += $object
}
}
$list
}
}
This should do it because it is actually checking the value for the old service to be the same as the one Get-Service provides at a certain time.
function Inspect-ServiceSnapshot {
[CmdletBinding()]
param (
#Snapshot
[Parameter(Mandatory=$true)]
[ValidateScript({Test-Path $_ -PathType Leaf})]
[string]$SnapshotPath,
# timer
[Parameter(Mandatory=$false)]
[int]$TimeToWait = 0
)
if($TimeToWait) { Start-Sleep -Seconds $TimeToWait }
$list = #()
$old = Import-Csv -Path $SnapshotPath
foreach($entry in (Get-Service)) {
# make sure we are dealing with the SAME service
$oldItem = $old | Where-Object { $_.Name -eq $entry.Name }
$object = New-Object -TypeName psobject -Property #{
Name = $entry.Name
CurrentStatus = $entry.status
DisplayName = $entry.displayname
PreviousStatus = if ($oldItem) { $oldItem.status } else { 'Unknown' }
}
$list += $object
}
$list
}
This answer is assuming there are no new services added on a regular basis.
You almost got it! You can forgo the nested loops, get rid of the else block (it is redundant), and use an index loop. When you're using nested loops like that, you are iterating through all of the array elements in the $old array every time you iterate through one of the (get-service) objects. This can cause issues when your arrays include thousands of objects.
You can easily get to what you want by using a for loop.
e.g.
if($TimeToWait -ne $null) {
Start-Sleep -Seconds $TimeToWait
}
$list = #();
$old = Import-Csv -Path $SnapshotPath | Sort-Object Name;
$new = Get-Service | Sort-Object Name;
for ($i -eq 0; $i -lt $old.length -or $i -lt $new.length; $i++) {
$object = New-Object -TypeName psobject -Property #{
Name = $new[$i].Name
CurrentStatus = $new[$i].status
DisplayName = $new[$i].displayname
PreviousStatus = $old[$i].status
}
$list += $object;
}
$list;
A lot of your code is redundant and you can just do this all in one go. Since you're not technically comparing any objects, you can just populate the fields as they go.
Has anyone ever done something like this in powershell? I'm automating new user creation and have to set up their skype for business accounts. Here's what I have so far:
<# set up skype for business #>
Enable-CsUser -Identity $FULLNAME `
-RegistrarPool REDACTED
-SipAddress $SIP
Set-CsUser $FULLNAME `
-EnterpriseVoiceEnabled $true `
-ExchangeArchivingPolicy Uninitialized `
-LineURI $PHONENUMBER
# only for driver manager/managers
Grant-CsConferencingPolicy $FULLNAME `
-PolicyName $ConferencingPolicy
Grant-CsExternalAccessPolicy -identity $FULLNAME `
-PolicyName 'Allow external access'
All I have left is the to assign the LineURI, and I can't seem to find anything about how to do that. I did, however, find a script that does this, but it doesn't seem like it's specific to my needs. My question is this: how can I query Skype for Business in powershell to grab the first unassigned number and assign it as the LineURI? I have been using New-CSUnassignedNumber but cannot seem to make any headway.
SfB doesn't keep a record of your number ranges, so it doesn't know if you assigning 1299 is the last in a range, or if the range stretches into the 1300's
Get-CsUser | ? LineUri | Select LineUri | Sort
this will give you a sorted list of all assigned uri's in your organization, so you'll be able to pick out ones which may be assignable, regardless you can use a number of methods to find what you're looking for, but you may be interested in this for the longer-term approach, it's a script which takes in your number ranges, and outputs a list of the used and available ones in a nice Csv.
#region Input
$NumRangeKeyTable = #{
#Make sure numbers are in the same format as they are in Skype,
#Do not include any ';ext' or 'tel:' etc. formatting!
#Put single numbers in the format:
# "+35313456789" = ""
#Put number ranges in the format:
# "+35313456700" = "+35313456799"
"+35313456789" = ""
"+35313456700" = "+35313456799"
}
#Save Location, set to $null to be prompted for location.
$FileName = $null
#endregion
#region Code
#region Helper Functions
Function Get-CsAssignedURIs {
$AllNumbers = #()
$Users = Get-CsUser
$Users | ? {$_.LineURI -ne ""} | %{ $AllNumbers += New-Object PSObject -Property #{Name = $_.DisplayName ; SipAddress = $_.SipAddress ; Number = $_.LineURI ; Type = "User" }}
$Users | ? {$_.PrivateLine -ne ""} | %{ $AllNumbers += New-Object PSObject -Property #{Name = $_.DisplayName ; SipAddress = $_.SipAddress ; Number = $_.PrivateLine ; Type = "PrivateLine" }}
Get-CsRgsWorkflow | Where-Object {$_.LineURI -ne ""} | Select Name,LineURI | %{$AllNumbers += New-Object PSObject -Property #{Name = $_.Name ; SipAddress = $_.PrimaryUri ; Number = $_.LineURI ; Type = "Workflow" }}
Get-CsCommonAreaPhone -Filter {LineURI -ne $null} | %{ $AllNumbers += New-Object PSObject -Property #{Name = $_.DisplayName ; SipAddress = $_.SipAddress ; Number = $_.LineURI ; Type = "CommonArea" }}
Get-CsAnalogDevice -Filter {LineURI -ne $null} | %{ $AllNumbers += New-Object PSObject -Property #{Name = $_.DisplayName ; SipAddress = $_.SipAddress ; Number = $_.LineURI ; Type = "AnalogDevice" }}
Get-CsExUmContact -Filter {LineURI -ne $null} | %{ $AllNumbers += New-Object PSObject -Property #{Name = $_.DisplayName ; SipAddress = $_.SipAddress ; Number = $_.LineURI ; Type = "ExUmContact" }}
Get-CsDialInConferencingAccessNumber -Filter {LineURI -ne $null} | %{ $AllNumbers += New-Object PSObject -Property #{Name = $_.DisplayName ; SipAddress = $_.PrimaryUri ; Number = $_.LineURI ; Type = "DialInAccess" }}
Get-CsTrustedApplicationEndpoint -Filter {LineURI -ne $null} | %{ $AllNumbers += New-Object PSObject -Property #{Name = $_.DisplayName ; SipAddress = $_.SipAddress ; Number = $_.LineURI ; Type = "ApplicationEndpoint" }}
Return $AllNumbers
}
function Get-UniqueExt {
Param(
[string]$Uri1,
[string]$Uri2
)
$Reg = "^([0-9+])+$"
if ([string]::IsNullOrEmpty($uri1) -and [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($Uri2)) { return "Two blank strings provided" }
if ($Uri1 -eq $Uri2) { return $Uri1 }
if ([string]::IsNullOrEmpty($uri1)) { return $Uri2 }
if ([string]::IsNullOrEmpty($uri2)) { return $Uri1 }
if ($Uri1.Length -ne $Uri2.Length) { return "Strings cannot be different lengths" }
if (($Uri1 -notmatch $Reg) -or ($Uri2 -notmatch $Reg)) { return "Strings must be in the format '0123..' or '+123..'" }
($Uri1.Length-1)..0 | % {
if ($Uri1[$_] -ne $Uri2[$_]) { $Diff = $_ }
}
$Start = $Uri1.Substring(0,$Diff)
$Sub1 = $Uri2.Substring($Diff)
$Sub2 = $Uri1.Substring($Diff)
if ($Sub1 -lt $Sub2) {
$Min = $Sub1 ; $Max = $Sub2
} else {
$Min = $Sub2 ; $Max = $Sub1
}
$FormatStr = "" ; 1..$Min.Length | % { $FormatStr += "0"}
$Min..$Max | % { "$($Start)$($_.ToString($FormatStr))" }
}
function Save-ToFile {
Param(
[Parameter(ValueFromPipeline=$True)]
$Item = $null,
[switch]$ReturnName,
$ExtFilter = "*",
$WinTitle = "Select File",
$FileTypeDisplay = $null
)
If ($FileTypeDisplay -eq $null) {
If ($ExtFilter -eq "*") {
$ExtName = "All"
} Else {
$ExtName = (Get-Culture).TextInfo.ToTitleCase($ExtFilter)
}} Else {
$ExtName = (Get-Culture).TextInfo.ToTitleCase($FileTypeDisplay) }
[System.Reflection.Assembly]::LoadWithPartialName("System.windows.forms") | Out-Null
$FolderDialog = New-Object System.Windows.Forms.SaveFileDialog
$FolderDialog.Filter = "$($ExtName) files (*.$($ExtFilter.ToLowerInvariant()))| *.$($ExtFilter.ToLowerInvariant())"
$FolderDialog.Title = $WinTitle
$Result = $FolderDialog.ShowDialog()
If ($Result -eq "OK"){
$Item | Out-File $FolderDialog.FileName -Append
If ($ReturnName) { return $FolderDialog.FileName }}
Else {
Write-Error "No file selected" }
}
#endregion
Function Main {
Param ( [Hashtable]$NumRanges )
#region Process Data
$AllNums = $NumRanges.Keys | % {
Get-UniqueExt -Uri1 $_ -Uri2 $NumRanges[$_]
}
$S4BNums = Get-CsAssignedURIs
$S4BNums | % { $_.Number = ($_.Number.Split(';')[0] -ireplace "tel:","") }
$KT = #{}
$S4BNums | % {
$KT[$_.Number] = $_
}
$FullRecord = $AllNums | Sort | % {
$Number = $_
$Type = ""
$Name = ""
if ($KT[$_] -ne $null){
$UseDetails = $KT[$_]
$Name = $UseDetails.Name
$Type = $UseDetails.Type
}
[PSCustomObject]#{
Number = $Number
Name = $Name
Type = $Type
}
}
#endregion
return $FullRecord
}
$Results = Main $NumRangeKeyTable
#region Output-Data
if ($FileName -eq $null) {
$FileName = (Save-ToFile -Item "" -ReturnName -ExtFilter "Csv")
}
if ($FileName -ne $null) {
$Results | Export-Csv -Path $FileName -NoTypeInformation
} else { $Results | Out-GridView }
#endregion
#endregion
I created 1.ps1 script which calls 2.ps1 script. After calling 2.ps1 it give some result in $variable. I want this $variable result to be used in my 1.ps1 for manipulation.
$csv = Get-Content \\10.46.198.141\try\windowserver.csv
foreach ($servername in $csv) {
$TARGET = $servername
$ProfileName = "CustomPowershell"
$SCRIPT = "powershell.exe -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -File '\\10.46.198.141\try\disk_space.ps1' '$servername'"
$HubRobotListPath = "C:\Users\Automation\Desktop\hubrobots.txt"
$UserName = "aaaaa"
$Password = "aaaaaaa"
$Domain = "SW02111_domain"
$HubOne = "sw02111"
#lots of code here
}
Now I have a second script which is:
Param([string]$servername)
$hash = New-Object PSObject -Property #{
Servername = "";
UsedSpace = "";
DeviceID = "";
Size = "";
FreeSpace = ""
}
$final =#()
$hashes =#()
$hash = New-Object PSObject -Property #{
Servername = $servername;
UsedSpace = "";
DeviceID = "";
Size = "";
FreeSpace = ""
}
$hashes += $hash
$space = Get-WmiObject Win32_LogicalDisk
foreach ($drive in $space) {
$a = $drive.DeviceID
$b = [System.Math]::Round($drive.Size/1GB)
$c = [System.Math]::Round($drive.FreeSpace/1GB)
$d = [System.Math]::Round(($drive.Size - $drive.FreeSpace)/1GB)
$hash = New-Object PSObject -Property #{
Servername = "";
UsedSpace = $d;
DeviceID = $a;
Size = $b;
FreeSpace = $c
}
$hashes += $hash
}
$final += $hashes
return $final
I want to use this $final output to create a CSV file with code in the first PowerShell script:
$final | Export-Csv C:\Users\Automation\Desktop\disk_space.csv -Force -NoType
Don't make things more complicated than they need to be. Use the pipeline and calculated properties.
Get-Content serverlist.txt |
ForEach-Object { Get-WmiObject Win32_LogicalDisk -Computer $_ } |
Select-Object PSComputerName, DeviceID,
#{n='Size';e={[Math]::Round($_.Size/1GB)}},
#{n='FreeSpace';e={[Math]::Round($_.FreeSpace/1GB)}},
#{n='UsedSpace';e={[Math]::Round(($_.Size - $_.FreeSpace)/1GB)}} |
Export-Csv disksize.csv -Force -NoType
I'm currently using the below script taken from scriptingguys.com (all credit to them, I just added the bottom 2 lines.) That takes a directory and pulls the file path and comments field from the meta data of the files. Currently the script take's a little over 1.5 minutes to fully run. Is there anyway to speed this up or use a different method to get this data?
I am using this script at the start of some software I have written and 1.5+ minutes is too long for the script to complete. Any thoughts/comments?
Function Get-FileMetaData
{
Param([string[]]$folder)
foreach($sFolder in $folder)
{
$a = 0
$objShell = New-Object -ComObject Shell.Application
$objFolder = $objShell.namespace($sFolder)
foreach ($File in $objFolder.items())
{
$FileMetaData = New-Object PSOBJECT
for ($a ; $a -le 266; $a++)
{
if($objFolder.getDetailsOf($File, $a))
{
$hash += #{$($objFolder.getDetailsOf($objFolder.items, $a)) =
$($objFolder.getDetailsOf($File, $a)) }
$FileMetaData | Add-Member $hash
$hash.clear()
} #end if
} #end for
$a=0
$FileMetaData
} #end foreach $file
} #end foreach $sfolder
} #end Get-FileMetaData
$fileMetaData = Get-FileMetaData -folder "C:\Pics" | select 'Name', 'Path', 'Comments' | Sort-Object 'Name'
$fileMetaData | select 'Name', 'Path', 'Comments' | Export-CSV "C:\SCRIPTS\TestDirectory.txt" -encoding Utf8 -NoTypeInformation
Solved by wOxxOm, thanks for your help! Running the below and now working.
Function Get-FileMetaData(
[string[]]$folders,
[string[]]$properties
) {
$shellApp = New-Object -ComObject Shell.Application
$supportsOrdered = $PSVersionTable.PSVersion.Major -ge 3
$hash = if ($supportsOrdered) { [ordered]#{} } else { #{} }
# walk the folders and get the properties by index found above
$folders | ForEach {
$shellFolder = $shellApp.namespace($_)
# get all headers and find their indexes
$allProps = #{}
foreach ($index in 0..266) {
$allProps[$shellFolder.getDetailsOf($shellFolder.items, $index)] = $index
}
$shellFolder.items() | ForEach {
$file = $_
$hash.Clear()
foreach ($prop in $properties) {
if (($index = $allProps[$prop]) -ne $null) {
if ($value = $shellFolder.getDetailsOf($file, $index)) {
$hash[$prop] = $value
}
}
}
if ($supportsOrdered) {
[PSCustomObject]$hash
} else {
Select $properties -inputObject (
New-Object PSObject -Property $hash
)
}
}
}
}
Get-FileMetaData -folders 'C:\PICS' -properties Name, Path, Comments | Sort-Object Name |
select Name, Path, Comments | Export-Csv 'C:\Scripts\test.txt' -encoding UTF8 -NoTypeInformation
getDetailsOf is slow, and your code needlessly invokes it 267 times for each file when you only need it for 3 properties.
Collect the property names just once at the start of the function, don't do it on every file
Add-Member is slow. Don't invoke it on every property. Collect all found properties in a hashtable and pass it once to Add-Member or, since you create an empty object, directly to New-Object. To enforce the order of properties use Select-Object in PowerShell 2. Note, PowerShell 3.0 and newer support [ordered] and [PSCustomObject] typecast (see the code below).
Use pipelining instead of foreach statements so that the results appear immediately
Files are already sorted by name, at least on NTFS file system in Windows, so no need to sort.
Function Get-FileMetaData(
[string[]]$folders,
[string[]]$properties
) {
$shellApp = New-Object -ComObject Shell.Application
# get all headers and find their indexes
$shellFolder = $shellApp.namespace($folders[0])
$allProps = #{}
foreach ($index in 0..266) {
$allProps[$shellFolder.getDetailsOf($shellFolder.items, $index)] = $index
}
$supportsOrdered = $PSVersionTable.PSVersion.Major -ge 3
$hash = if ($supportsOrdered) { [ordered]#{} } else { #{} }
# walk the folders and get the properties by index found above
$folders | ForEach {
$shellFolder = $shellApp.namespace($_)
$shellFolder.items() | ForEach {
$file = $_
$hash.Clear()
foreach ($prop in $properties) {
if (($index = $allProps[$prop]) -ne $null) {
$hash[$prop] = $shellFolder.getDetailsOf($file, $index)
}
}
if ($supportsOrdered) {
[PSCustomObject]$hash
} else {
Select $properties -inputObject (
New-Object PSObject -Property $hash
)
}
}
}
}
Usage example 1:
Get-FileMetaData -folders 'r:\folder1', 'r:\folder2' -properties Name, Path, Comments
Usage example 2:
Get-FileMetaData -folders 'r:\folder1', 'r:\folder2' -properties Name, Path, Comments |
Export-Csv r:\results.csv -encoding UTF8 -NoTypeInformation
Usage example 3 gets all properties, which is slow:
Get-FileMetaData -folders 'r:\folder1', 'r:\folder2'