Problem with communication between web app and ActiveMQ Artemis through VM protocol - activemq-artemis

Question

I have a docker container where I deploy a web application and a ActiveMQ Artemis broker as war files on a single Jetty instance. Communication via TCP is working like expected but through VM protocol nothing happens.
Are the applications separated in some way?
broker.xml:
<connectors>
<connector name="in-vm-connector">vm://0</connector>
<connector name="connector">tcp://localhost:61616</connector>
</connectors>
<acceptors>
<acceptor name="in-vm-acceptor">vm://0</acceptor>
<acceptor name="acceptor">tcp://localhost:61616</acceptor>
</acceptors>
Edit:
Creating the broker
public class EmbeddedBroker implements ServletContextListener {
#Override
public void contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent servletContextEvent) {
SecurityConfiguration securityConfig = new SecurityConfiguration();
securityConfig.addUser("guest", "guest");
securityConfig.addRole("guest", "guest");
securityConfig.setDefaultUser("guest");
ActiveMQJAASSecurityManager securityManager = new ActiveMQJAASSecurityManager(InVMLoginModule.class.getName(), securityConfig);
// Step 2. Create and start embedded broker.
try {
ActiveMQServer server = ActiveMQServers.newActiveMQServer("broker.xml", null, securityManager);
server.start();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
#Override
public void contextDestroyed(ServletContextEvent sce) {}
}
Creating a connection with the broker
#Bean
ActiveMQConnectionFactory activeMqConnectionFactory(#Value("${" + BROKER_URL + "}") String brokerUrl,
#Value("${" + BROKER_USERNAME + "}") String username,
#Value("${" + BROKER_PASSWORD + "}") String password) {
return new ActiveMQConnectionFactory(brokerUrl, username, password);
}
#Bean
MessageListener messageListener(RequestHandler requestHandler) {
return new JmsChannel(requestHandler);
}
#Bean
DefaultMessageListenerContainer messageListenerContainer(ConnectionFactory connectionFactory,
MessageListener messageListener,
#Value("${" + CONSUMER_QUEUE + "}") String consumerQueueName) {
var listenerContainer = new DefaultMessageListenerContainer();
listenerContainer.setConnectionFactory(connectionFactory);
listenerContainer.setDestinationName(consumerQueueName);
listenerContainer.setMessageListener(messageListener);
listenerContainer.setSessionTransacted(true);
return listenerContainer;
}
#Bean
JmsTemplate jmsTemplate(ConnectionFactory connectionFactory) {
var jmsTemplate = new JmsTemplate(connectionFactory);
jmsTemplate.setReceiveTimeout(10000);
return jmsTemplate;
}