How to project an addFields attribute in MongoDB - mongodb

Question

I have a document in my collection testdb that I want to match to and looks like:
{
"student": {
"first": "Joe",
"last": "Johnson"
},
"semester": [{
"semesterName": "Spring2021",
"courses": [{
"title": "Calculus 1",
"professor": "Erik Paulson",
"TA": "Paul Matthews"
},
{
"title": "Computer Science 1",
"professor": "Dennis Ritchie",
"TA": "Ken Thompson"
}
]
}]
}
I want to match on the title attribute in the courses array and return the professor attribute without all of its nesting.
So I have the following query:
db.testcol.aggregate([
{ $match: { "semester.courses.title" : "Calculus 1" } },
{ $project: { "professor" : 1, "_id" : 0 } },
{ $addFields: { "professor": "$semester.courses.professor" } },
]);
but I seem to be getting an output of just { } when I want an output of { "professor" : "Erik Paulson" }.
Can somebody explain why this is happening and how I can fix it? My logic is that I am using $addFields to set the new professor attribute to be the professor attribute inside of the array of course objects whenever there is a match to the desired course title. I am then using $project to return only the new attribute.

Answer 1

Explanation:
Mistake is in your $project stage. property professor is two level inside the document which must be referenced as semester.courses.professor. Accessing it as professor will result in empty value.
So you can fix it using below query. Try this:
db.testcol.aggregate([
{ $unwind: "$semester" },
{ $unwind: "$semester.courses" },
{ $match: { "semester.courses.title" : "Calculus 1" } },
{
$project: {
"_id": 0,
"professor": "$semester.courses.professor"
}
}
]);
Output:
{
"professor" : "Erik Paulson"
}