I want to decouple my ViewModel and View layer to increase testability of my Views.
Therefore, I want to keep my property states inside view and only init them as I needed.
But I cannot initialize my #Binding or #States with #Published properties. Is there a way to couple them inside init function?
I just add example code below to
instead of
import SwiftUI
class ViewModel: ObservableObject {
#Published var str: String = "a"
#Published var int: Int = 1 { didSet { print("ViewModel int = \(int)")} }
init() {
print("ViewModel initialized")
}
}
struct ContentView: View {
#ObservedObject vM = ViewModel()
var body: some View {
Button(action: { vM.int += 1; print(int) }, label: {
Text("Button")
})
}
}
I want to achieve this without using #ObservedObject inside my view.
import SwiftUI
class ViewModel: ObservableObject {
#Published var str: String = "a"
#Published var int: Int = 1 { didSet { print("ViewModel int = \(int)")} }
init() {
print("ViewModel initialized")
}
}
struct ContentView: View {
#Binding var str: String
#Binding var int: Int
var body: some View {
Button(action: { int += 1; print(int) }, label: {
Text("Button")
})
}
}
extension ContentView {
init(viewModel:ObservedObject<ViewModel> = ObservedObject(wrappedValue: ViewModel())) {
// str: Binding<String> and viewModel.str: Published<String>.publisher
// type so that I cannot bind my bindings to viewModel. I must accomplish
// this by using #ObservedObject but this time my view couples with ViewModel
_str = viewModel.wrappedValue.$str
_int = viewModel.wrappedValue.$int
print("ViewCreated")
}
}
// Testing Init
ContentView(str: Binding<String>, int: Binding<Int>)
// ViewModel Init
ContentView(viewModel: ViewModel)
This way I can't bind them each other, I just want to bind my binding or state properties to published properties.
I have realized that by Binding(get:{}, set{}), I can accomplish that. if anyone want to separate their ViewModel and View layer, they can use this approach:
import SwiftUI
class ViewModel: ObservableObject {
#Published var str: String = "a"
#Published var int: Int = 1 { didSet { print("ViewModel int = \(int)")} }
init() {
print("ViewModel initialized")
}
}
struct ContentView: View {
#Binding var str: String
#Binding var int: Int
var body: some View {
Button(action: { int += 1; print(int) }, label: {
Text("Button")
})
}
}
extension ContentView {
init(viewModel:ViewModel = ViewModel()) {
_str = Binding ( get: { viewModel.str }, set: { viewModel.str = $0 } )
_int = Binding ( get: { viewModel.int }, set: { viewModel.int = $0 } )
print("ViewCreated")
}
}
Related
How to observe property value in SwiftUI.
I know some basic publisher and observer patterns. But here is a scenario i am not able to implement.
class ScanedDevice: NSObject, Identifiable {
//some variables
var currentStatusText: String = "Pending"
}
here CurrentStatusText is changed by some other callback method that update the status.
Here there is Model class i am using
class SampleModel: ObservableObject{
#Published var devicesToUpdated : [ScanedDevice] = []
}
swiftui component:
struct ReviewView: View {
#ObservedObject var model: SampleModel
var body: some View {
ForEach(model.devicesToUpdated){ device in
Text(device.currentStatusText)
}
}
}
Here in UI I want to see the real-time status
I tried using publisher inside ScanDevice class but sure can to use it in 2 layer
You can observe your class ScanedDevice, however you need to manually use a objectWillChange.send(),
to action the observable change, as shown in this example code.
class ScanedDevice: NSObject, Identifiable {
var name: String = "some name"
var currentStatusText: String = "Pending"
init(name: String) {
self.name = name
}
}
class SampleViewModel: ObservableObject{
#Published var devicesToUpdated: [ScanedDevice] = []
}
struct ReviewView: View {
#ObservedObject var viewmodel: SampleViewModel
var body: some View {
VStack (spacing: 33) {
ForEach(viewmodel.devicesToUpdated){ device in
HStack {
Text(device.name)
Text(device.currentStatusText).foregroundColor(.red)
}
Button("Change \(device.name)") {
viewmodel.objectWillChange.send() // <--- here
device.currentStatusText = UUID().uuidString
}.buttonStyle(.bordered)
}
}
}
}
struct ContentView: View {
#StateObject var viewmodel = SampleViewModel()
var body: some View {
ReviewView(viewmodel: viewmodel)
.onAppear {
viewmodel.devicesToUpdated = [ScanedDevice(name: "device-1"), ScanedDevice(name: "device-2")]
}
}
}
I have a class which has two published variables:
class Controller: ObservableObject {
#Published var myArray: Array<Int>: [1,2,3,4,5]
#Published var currIndex: Int = 0
func currItem() -> Int {
return myArray[curIndex]
}
}
I want my view to subscribe to the function "currItem" instead of the currIndex variable
Is there an elegant way to achieve it?
without subscribing to the function I need to write some boilerplate code:
struct myView: View {
var controller: Controller = Controller()
var body: some View {
Text(controller.myArray[controller.currIndex]) // <-- Replace this with controller.currItem()
}
}
You can do it even much better than that, like this:
import SwiftUI
struct ContentView: View {
#StateObject var controller: Controller = Controller()
var body: some View {
Text(controller.currItem?.description ?? "Error!")
}
}
class Controller: ObservableObject {
#Published var myArray: Array<Int> = [1,2,3,4,5]
#Published var currIndex: Int? = 0
var currItem: Int? {
get {
if let unwrappedIndex: Int = currIndex {
if myArray.indices.contains(unwrappedIndex) {
return myArray[unwrappedIndex]
}
else {
print("Error! there is no such index found!")
return nil
}
}
else {
print("Error! you did not provide a value for currIndex!")
return nil
}
}
}
}
I have a class which I want to initialize with a Binding var that is set in another View.
View ->
struct CoverPageView: View {
#State var numberOfNumbers:Int
var body: some View {
NavigationView {
GeometryReader { geometry in
VStack(alignment: .center, spacing: 0){
TextField("Multiplication Upto:", value: self.$numberOfNumbers, formatter: NumberFormatter())
}
}
}
}
CLASS WHICH NEEDS TO BE INITIALIZED USING THE #Binding var $numberofNumbers -
import SwiftUI
class MultiplicationPractice:ObservableObject {
#Binding var numberOfNumbers:Int
var classNumofNumbers:Int
init() {
self.classNumofNumbers = self.$numberOfNumbers
}
}
The init statement obviously gives the error that self is not initialized and the instance var is being used to initialize which is not allowed.
How do I circumvent this? The class needs to be initialized with the number the user enters on the first view. I have written approx. code here so ignore any typos please.
Typically you'd initialize MultiplicationPractice in CoverPageView with a starting value:
#ObservedObject var someVar = MultiplicationPractice(NoN:123)
And of course, add a supporting init statement:
class MultiplicationPractice:ObservableObject {
init(NoN: Int) {
self.numberOfNumbers = val
}
and you wouldn't want to wrap your var with #Binding, instead wrap it with #Published:
class MultiplicationPractice:ObservableObject {
#Published var numberOfNumbers:Int
...
In your particular case I would even drop the numberOfNumbers var in your CoverPageView, and instead use the direct variable of the above someVar:
struct CoverPageView: View {
//removed #State var numberOfNumbers:Int
#ObservedObject var someVar = MultiplicationPractice(123)
...
TextField("Multiplication Upto:", value: self.$someVar.numberOfNumbers, formatter: NumberFormatter())
You'll notice that I passed in the sub-var of the #ObservedObject as a binding. We can do this with ObservableObjects.
Edit
I see now what you're trying to do, you want to pass a binding along across your ViewModel, and establish an indirect connection between your view and model. While this may not be the way I'd personally do it, I can still provide a working example.
Here is a simple example using your struct names:
struct MultiplicationGame {
#Binding var maxNumber:String
init(maxNumber: Binding<String>) {
self._maxNumber = maxNumber
print(self.maxNumber)
}
}
class MultiplicationPractice:ObservableObject {
var numberOfNumbers: Binding<String>
#Published var MulGame:MultiplicationGame
init(numberOfNumbers: Binding<String> ) {
self.numberOfNumbers = numberOfNumbers
self.MulGame = MultiplicationGame(maxNumber: numberOfNumbers)
}
}
struct ContentView: View {
#State var someText: String
#ObservedObject var mulPractice: MultiplicationPractice
init() {
let state = State(initialValue: "")
self._someText = state
self.mulPractice = MultiplicationPractice(numberOfNumbers: state.projectedValue)
}
var body: some View {
TextField("put your text here", text: $someText)
}
}
Okay, I don't really understand your question so I'm just going to list a few examples and hopefully one of them will be what you're looking for.
struct SuperView: some View {
#State var value: Int = 0
var body: some View {
SubView(value: self.$value)
}
}
struct SubView: View {
#Binding var value: Int
// This is the same as the compiler-generated memberwise initializer
init(value: Binding<Int>) {
self._value = value
}
var body: some View {
Text("\(value)")
}
}
If I misunderstood and you're just trying to get the current value, do this
struct SuperView: some View {
#State var value: Int = 0
var body: some View {
SubView(value: self.value)
}
}
struct SubView: View {
let value: Int
// This is the same as the compiler-generated memberwise initializer
init(value: Int) {
self.value = value
}
var body: some View {
Text("\(value)")
}
}
I got some (unexplained) crashes earlier today, and simplified my code to what is seen below. The crashing went away, but I am not 100% sure. Is the code below the correct way to create Binding on an array of enums? And if yes, can this code be made simpler?
import SwiftUI
enum TheEnum: Hashable {
case one(Int), two(Float)
}
class TestModel : ObservableObject {
#Published var enumArray = [TheEnum.one(5), TheEnum.two(6.0)]
}
struct ContentView: View {
#ObservedObject var testModel = TestModel()
var body: some View {
HStack {
ForEach(testModel.enumArray, id: \.self) { value -> AnyView in
switch value {
case .one(var intVal):
let b = Binding(get: {
intVal
}) {
intVal = $0
}
return AnyView(IntView(intVal: b))
case .two(var floatVal):
let b = Binding(get: {
floatVal
}) {
floatVal = $0
}
return AnyView(FloatView(floatVal: b))
}
}
}
}
}
struct IntView: View {
#Binding var intVal: Int
var body: some View {
Text("\(intVal)")
}
}
struct FloatView: View {
#Binding var floatVal: Float
var body: some View {
Text("\(floatVal)")
}
}
I have a GroupView that accepts a binding as a parameter because I want the GroupView to modify the data in the enum.
Can some help me on how to accomplish this?
import SwiftUI
struct ContentView: View {
#ObservedObject var viewModel = ViewModel()
var body: some View {
VStack {
GroupView(group: /* What do i put here? */) // <----------------
}
}
}
struct GroupView: View {
#Binding var group: Group
var body: some View {
Text("Hello World")
}
}
class ViewModel : ObservableObject {
#Published var instruction: Instruction!
init() {
instruction = .group(Group(groupTitle: "A Group struct"))
}
}
enum Instruction {
case group(Group)
}
struct Group { var groupTitle: String }
Well, this certainly will work... but probably there's a better approach to your problem. But no one is in a better position than you, to determine that. So I'll just answer your question about how to pass a binding.
struct ContentView: View {
#ObservedObject var viewModel = ViewModel()
var body: some View {
VStack {
GroupView(group: viewModel.groupBinding)
}
}
}
class ViewModel : ObservableObject {
#Published var instruction: Instruction!
init() {
instruction = .group(Group(groupTitle: "A Group struct"))
}
var groupBinding: Binding<Group> {
return Binding<Group>(get: {
if case .group(let g) = self.instruction {
return g
} else {
return Group(groupTitle: "")
}
}, set: {
self.instruction = .group($0)
})
}
}