How do not push ".env" file to the Github repository? [duplicate] - github

I've tried many different solutions on the web for this problem, but all have been unsuccessful.
Here's the problem: My app needs to know whether it is being run on Heroku (production mode) or locally (development mode). For this purpose, we want to use environment variables. I've understood that environment variables on Heroku can be set in a .env file. So my attempt was to run heroku run bash -a <app-name> and then to install vim by doing this:
mkdir ~/vim
cd ~/vim
# Staically linked vim version compiled from https://github.com/ericpruitt/static-vim
# Compiled on Jul 20 2017
curl 'https://s3.amazonaws.com/bengoa/vim-static.tar.gz' | tar -xz
export VIMRUNTIME="$HOME/vim/runtime"
export PATH="$HOME/vim:$PATH"
cd -
Apart from crashing repeatedly, vim didn't work anymore when I logged in and out of the shell:
~ $ vim // in the heroku shell
vim: error while loading shared libraries: libXt.so.6: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
I also tried heroku plugins:install heroku-vim but running heroku vim after that only resulted in a long delay followed by the normal heroku shell opening, no vim.
I don't really care if I get vim to work. I just want to be able to write in a file named .env on Heroku so I can set environment variables in it.
How can I achieve this?

There is no need for an .env file on Heroku. In fact, such a file won't work very well since
Heroku gets all of its files from your Git repository,
has an ephemeral filesystem, meaning that changes to files like .env will be quickly lost, and
the .env file won't be available on other dynos if you scale your app
As such, creating an .env file on Heroku isn't a good approach.
Instead, you can use its built-in support for environment variables, using heroku config:set <var> <value> or its web UI. Either way, you'll get a regular environment variable.

It is fairly simple.
Just as you added them in your .env file, do the same with heroku's command line and you will see heroku restart and you are all set to fly again.
Just use the command :
(heroku config:set VARIABLE=this_is_the_value)
Remember to use the underscores in the value as spaces are not allowed not inverted quotes (" ")to turn it into a single string is permissible.

Related

Set global environment variables in VS Code with remote-ssh

I have the case that I need to use VS Code installed on Windows 10 and run it with the extension Remote - SSH on a RHEL 7.x.
The default RHEL 7.x runs with git 1.8.x. I have installed a newer git version but this is not in the default $PATH environment.
I have found this instructions https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/remote/wsl#_advanced-environment-setup-script which describe how to set the environment variables specifically for VS Code when usind WSL.
If you want to run additional commands or modify the environment this can be done in a setup script ~/.vscode-server/server-env-setup
This does seem to work only if you use WSL. Why does this not work with the Remote - SSH extension?
My special case is that I only want and need the git>=2 while usind VS Code. When I am connected regularly via ssh I would like and need the OS default tools and settings.
This gives me the special request that I don't want to edit the ~/.bashrc, ~/.cshrc or any other user environment files.
I would like to be able to edit the environment for VS Code only. Some kind, maybe like:
#!/bin/bash
export PATH=/opt/rh/rh-git29/root/usr/bin\:$PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/opt/rh/httpd24/root/usr/lib64:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
...
#!/bin/csh
setenv PATH /opt/rh/rh-git29/root/usr/bin\:$PATH
setenv LD_LIBRARY_PATH /opt/rh/httpd24/root/usr/lib64:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
...
Is there anything I have not found yet where I can make my requests to work or would this be some kind of request to the VS Code Team?
Regards.
I think I found the solution in this issue comment and the follow-up response:
When vscode-server initially starts, it uses a login shell, sourcing .profile in your home directory.
However, any following interactive shells started through VS Code are non-login shells and thus only source .bashrc
A complication in fiddling with this is that vscode-server apparently caches the environment during its lifetimes, so changes to these dotfiles don't become visible until the server is restarted.
I have a better solution to minimize the proxy scope
export http_proxy=<proxy here>
export no_proxy=<no proxy here>
while IFS= read -r _file; do
if ! grep -s -q "export http_proxy=" "${_file}"; then
sed -i -e "/^ROOT/i export http_proxy=${http_proxy}" -e "/^ROOT/i export https_proxy=${http_proxy}" -e "/^ROOT/i export no_proxy=${no_proxy}" "${_file}"
fi
done < <(find ~/.vscode-server/bin -type f -name "server.sh")

Redirect WSL input in Powershell

I've been trying to write a powershell script that automates my windows workspace setup and configuration and am currently stuck trying to redirect input to WSL when executing it for the first time. The core of the problem is that Ubuntu's first launch prompts for a username and password, then logs in to a bash shell. I tried writing down the input lines into a text file like so:
Username
Password
Password
exit
Then, I tried redirecting the input of wsl to the file:
Start-Process ubuntu2004.exe -RedirectStandardInput stdin.txt -NoNewWindow -Wait
The above didn't work as executing WSL just starts spamming Enter new UNIX username: adduser: only one or two names allowed. I tried doing same in CMD with the < input redirection, but the result is the same.
This is not exactly the answer to your question, but in my opinion, ansible is better suited for such a task.
I myself recently became interested in assembling a workspace in wsl and ansible seemed to me the best solution.
Before starting the build, you will need to perform minimal steps (create a user and install several packages, all this can be placed in the readme), but then there will be no restrictions.
You can find several ready-made examples of wsl assembly via ansible on github.
A few ideas for setting the username/password in a new Ubuntu WSL instance:
First, a "PowerShell sendkeys" via COM or Interop might work for this. It's probably the closest in behavior to what you are actually asking.
Second, and perhaps most promising, I just tried this with a new Debian WSL installed from the Store (since I didn't want to mess with my Ubuntu install).
When running debian.exe (like ubuntu2004.exe), I let it run the install, then I Ctrl+C'd out of it when it started asking for the default username/password. At that point, the WSL instance is installed, but with only root. I assume that your script can let the command run for a certain period of time, then kill the process to replicate this.
From your script, you should then be able to run wsl -u root useradd --create-home --user-group --groups adm,dialout,cdrom,floppy,sudo,audio,dip,video,plugdev,netdev --password "encryptedPassword" username (see here for creating the encrypted password). I think that will get you a stock Ubuntu user the way that WSL sets it up.
You'll then need to either create a /etc/wsl.conf file (instructions) letting the instance know that that user is the default, or LxRunOffline lists this as one of its features.
But I'd also throw in that you might just want to keep a "backup" of an existing WSL instance that you start from. Do a wsl --export <distroname> <imagename.tgz>, then you can import it when setting up the new Windows host by copying the tgz over and doing a wsl --import <DistroName> <DirectoryWhereYouwantItToLive> <imagename.tgz>.
If you want, you can keep this image up to date with your desired WSL configuration, so that you don't have to recreate it when you rebuild the Windows hosts. That said, this is where I do follow #Mystic's suggestion of using Ansible to store my WSL "configuration as code". It allows me to not only recreate my WSL instances, but also that same configuration when I set (or reset) a Linode host or another Linux system.

How can I start GitKraken from the command line with a Git repository path on Windows?

I'd like to create a bunch of shortcuts to open Git repository
GitKraken starts like this:
C:\Users\<username>\AppData\Local\gitkraken\Update.exe --processStart "gitkraken.exe"
I tried to just add the path like this, but nothing happened:
C:\Users\<username>\AppData\Local\gitkraken\Update.exe --processStart "gitkraken.exe \"C:\<path to repo with spaces>\MyRepo1\""
C:\Users\<username>\AppData\Local\gitkraken\Update.exe --processStart "gitkraken.exe \"C:\<path to repo with spaces>\MyRepo2\""
C:\Users\<username>\AppData\Local\gitkraken\Update.exe --processStart "gitkraken.exe \"C:\<path to repo with spaces>\MyRepo3\""
There could be multiple problems:
GitKraken might not support a path as parameter. Didn't find any documentation when I googled for "gitkraken from command line with repository path as parameter"
Quotes within quotes might be wrong, but I think it's correct: Command line passing quotes within quotes
The command line syntax might be different, but as mentioned above, I didn't find any documentation. I tried "-p" because I saw something similar while googling but it didn't work either C:\Users\<username>\AppData\Local\gitkraken\Update.exe --processStart "gitkraken.exe -p \"C:\<path to repo with spaces>\MyRepo1\""
GitKraken uses the Squirrel.Windows project for installation and update management for it's Windows installs. So the update.exe that is running when you click on the shortcut labeled "GitKraken" is running the Squirrel.Windows process that checks for and downloads updates and then runs the newest version of GitKraken. Once that check is complete, it launches the GitKraken.exe and starts the program.
To solve your issue you will need to pass a CLI option through the Squirrel call into the the gitkraken.exe. You are correct that gitkraken.exe accepts the -p | --path option for the repo to open at launch (e.g. gitkraken.exe -p "\path\to\repo"). If you run it from the app folder directly, you can see the options available at gitkraken.exe --help. Luckily, there are a couple of as-yet undocumented options you can pass that do the pass-through for you (referenced here) so your custom shortcut could now be:
..\Update.exe --processStart "gitkraken.exe" --process-start-args="--path \"d:\path with spaces\to\repo\""
Re: persistence through GitKraken executable updates- OP has confirmed in comments after GitKraken updated to v4.2 that the shortcuts they set up continued to work!
This is what working for me in Ubuntu Desktop
Define it
gkk() { # gkk aka gitkraken
repo_d=$1
if [ -z $repo_d ]; then repo_d=`pwd`; fi
if [ ! -d $repo_d ]; then echo "Invalid :repo_d at $repo_d"; exit 1; fi
/usr/bin/gitkraken -p $repo_d &
}
Use it
cd /path/to/your/repo
gkk
Note, calling the command again on 2nd repo will NOT work!
The workaround I can think of is to close and reopen GitKraken app

how to specify new environment location for conda create

the default location for packages is .conda folder in my home directory. however, on the server I am using, there is a very strict limit of how much space I can use, which basically avoids me from putting anything under my home directory. how can I specify the location for the virtual environment that I want to create? Thanks! server is running Ubuntu.
Use the --prefix or -p option to specify where to write the environment files. For example:
conda create --prefix /tmp/test-env python=2.7
Will create the environment named /tmp/test-env which resides in /tmp/ instead of the default .conda.
like Paul said, use
conda create --prefix=/users/.../yourEnvName python=x.x
if you are located in the folder in which you want to create your virtual environment, just omit the path and use
conda create --prefix=yourEnvName python=x.x
conda only keep track of the environments included in the folder envs inside the anaconda folder. The next time you will need to activate your new env, move to the folder where you created it and activate it with
source activate yourEnvName
While using the --prefix option works, you have to explicitly use it every time you create an environment. If you just want your environments stored somewhere else by default, you can configure it in your .condarc file.
Please see: https://conda.io/docs/user-guide/configuration/use-condarc.html#specify-environment-directories-envs-dirs
If you want to use the --prefix or -p arguments, but want to avoid having to use the environment's full path to activate it, you need to edit the .condarc config file before you create the environment.
The .condarc file is in the home directory; C:\Users\<user> on Windows. Edit the values under the envs_dirs key to include the custom path for your environment. Assuming the custom path is D:\envs, the file should end up looking something like this:
ssl_verify: true
channels:
- defaults
envs_dirs:
- C:\Users\<user>\Anaconda3\envs
- D:\envs
Then, when you create a new environment on that path, its name will appear along with the path when you run conda env list, and you should be able to activate it using only the name, and not the full path.
Command line screenshot
In summary, if you edit .condarc to include D:\envs, and then run conda env create -p D:\envs\myenv python=x.x, then activate myenv (or source activate myenv on Linux) should work.
Hope that helps!
P.S. I stumbled upon this through trial and error. I think what happens is when you edit the envs_dirs key, conda updates ~\.conda\environments.txt to include the environments found in all the directories specified under the envs_dirs, so they can be accessed without using absolute paths.
You can create it like this
conda create --prefix C:/tensorflow2 python=3.7
and you don't have to move to that folder to activate it.
# To activate this environment, use:
# > activate C:\tensorflow2
As you see I do it like this.
D:\Development_Avector\PycharmProjects\TensorFlow>activate C:\tensorflow2
(C:\tensorflow2) D:\Development_Avector\PycharmProjects\TensorFlow>
(C:\tensorflow2) D:\Development_Avector\PycharmProjects\TensorFlow>conda --version
conda 4.5.13
I ran into a similar situation. I did have access to a larger data drive. Depending on your situation, and the access you have to the server you can consider
ln -s /datavol/path/to/your/.conda /home/user/.conda
Then subsequent conda commands will put data to the symlinked dir in datavol
You can modify the default paths for environments by modifying CONDA_ENVS_PATH:
For macOS and Linux: CONDA_ENVS_PATH=~/my-envs:/opt/anaconda/envs
For Windows: set CONDA_ENVS_PATH=C:\Users\joe\envs;C:\Anaconda\envs
the documentation is here:
https://conda.io/projects/conda/en/latest/user-guide/configuration/use-condarc.html#specify-environment-directories-envs-dirs
Use -p option to specify the path to your env.
For Linux/macOS, env location info is stored in ~/.conda/environments.txt.
Use conda info --envs to list all your envs.

Set umask for remote commands

How can I direct processes started on remote machines via ssh to run with a certain umask? I want this to apply to commands run as part of standard Capistrano recipes too, so I can't just make an explicit call to "umask" part of the command.
It does not appear that ~/.bash_profile on the remote machine is read, with the way that Capistrano invokes remote commands.
I was confronted to the same issue and got around it by using the then-undocumented SSHKit.config.umask in config/deploy.rb. Note that this will set the umask for every ssh command.
Put umask 0002 in the .bashrc of the user account you use to deploy.
Agreed with Alain--set the umask in your .bashrc instead of .bash_profile. When deploying with Capistrano in a typical setup, your .bash_profile isn't loaded by default. Reading up on the difference between .bashrc and .bash_profile will help in understanding the purposes of the two.
I have environment variables set in my .bashrc file and they are certainly used when I deploy or for running any other commands with capistrano.
Another option is to create a task to set your umask value before you begin creating files on deploy. For example, in Cap 3, you can use this:
task :set_umask do
on roles(:all) do |host|
execute "umask 0002"
end
end
before "deploy:starting", "set_umask"
#beauby's answer using SSHKit is good, but it works only for Capistrano 3 as Capistrano 2 doesn't use SSHKit.
A common problem in relation to umask and Capistrano is that bundle install installs gems with permissions that are too restrictive. For this specific issue, the solution I've found for Capistrano 2 is to say:
namespace :bundle do
task :postinstall do
run "chmod -R u=rwX,go=rX #{bundle_dir}"
end
end
after 'bundle:install', 'bundle:postinstall'