Tomcat 9.0.52 crashes with "java.util.zip.ZipException: invalid LOC header (bad signature)" when started in debug mode - any work-around? - eclipse

Question

When trying to start Tomcat (9.0.52) in debug mode ("Debug on Server") from Eclipse (v2020-12 (4.18.0) / Build id: 20201210-1552) I get the following error (see full stacktrace further below):
16-Aug-2021 13:52:14.019 SEVERE [main] org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal A child container failed during start
java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to initialize component [org.apache.catalina.webresources.JarResourceSet#61322f9d]
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.report(FutureTask.java:122)
...
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to initialize component [org.apache.catalina.webresources.JarResourceSet#61322f9d]
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.handleSubClassException(LifecycleBase.java:440)
...
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: java.util.zip.ZipException: invalid LOC header (bad signature)
at org.apache.catalina.webresources.AbstractSingleArchiveResourceSet.initInternal(AbstractSingleArchiveResourceSet.java:143)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.init(LifecycleBase.java:136)
... 33 more
Caused by: java.util.zip.ZipException: invalid LOC header (bad signature)
at java.util.zip.ZipFile.read(Native Method)
...
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: java.util.zip.ZipException: invalid LOC header (bad signature)
at org.apache.catalina.webresources.AbstractSingleArchiveResourceSet.initInternal(AbstractSingleArchiveResourceSet.java:143)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.init(LifecycleBase.java:136)
... 33 more
Caused by: java.util.zip.ZipException: invalid LOC header (bad signature)
While the reasons seems clear - there is some issue reading a .jar file - the question I have is:
How can I find out, WHICH .jar is causing this issue? Is there some option to get more info on the root cause: which library (either from Tomcat or which application-jar?) that it tries to read is causing this?
The odd thing is: When I start this up in normal "run" mode in Eclipse or as a Windows Service, then Tomcat as well as the application start up fine. This zip-file problem only happens when I try to start it in debug mode! And - when starting Tomcat from Eclipse - then no .war-file is created but rather Tomcat's classpath is adjusted such, that the class files are used in-situ (i.e. directly from the target directory where they have been compiled to). So there is no additional .jar file created compared to the non-debug mode (which is why I am puzzled why this happens only in debug mode).
Eclipse uses Java 14 (if I am correct) but is configured to compile to 1.8 compatibility and the runtime (i.e. Tomcat and our application) uses Java 1.8 (I have installed the "almost latest" AdoptOpenJDK v1.8 / jdk-8.0.292.10-hotspot).
Tomcat's download page (https://tomcat.apache.org/whichversion.html) claims, that Tomcat 9.0.52 runs with Java "8 and later", so IMHO I should be OK in terms of prereq's.
Any idea how to get the above setup starting up/working in debug mode?
Full stacktrace:
...
16-Aug-2021 13:52:11.275 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.load Server initialization in [1232] milliseconds
16-Aug-2021 13:52:11.343 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.startInternal Starting service [Catalina]
16-Aug-2021 13:52:11.343 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.startInternal Starting Servlet engine: [Apache Tomcat/9.0.52]
16-Aug-2021 13:52:11.866 INFO [main] org.apache.jasper.servlet.TldScanner.scanJars At least one JAR was scanned for TLDs yet contained no TLDs. Enable debug logging for this logger for a complete list of JARs that were scanned but no TLDs were found in them. Skipping unneeded JARs during scanning can improve startup time and JSP compilation time.
16-Aug-2021 13:52:13.860 WARNING [main] org.apache.catalina.util.SessionIdGeneratorBase.createSecureRandom Creation of SecureRandom instance for session ID generation using [SHA1PRNG] took [1,954] milliseconds.
16-Aug-2021 13:52:14.019 SEVERE [main] org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal A child container failed during start
java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to initialize component [org.apache.catalina.webresources.JarResourceSet#61322f9d]
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.report(FutureTask.java:122)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.get(FutureTask.java:192)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:926)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.startInternal(StandardHost.java:835)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:183)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1396)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1386)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.InlineExecutorService.execute(InlineExecutorService.java:75)
at java.util.concurrent.AbstractExecutorService.submit(AbstractExecutorService.java:134)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:919)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.startInternal(StandardEngine.java:263)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:183)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.startInternal(StandardService.java:432)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:183)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.startInternal(StandardServer.java:927)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:183)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:772)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:345)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:476)
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to initialize component [org.apache.catalina.webresources.JarResourceSet#61322f9d]
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.handleSubClassException(LifecycleBase.java:440)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.init(LifecycleBase.java:139)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:173)
at org.apache.catalina.webresources.StandardRoot.startInternal(StandardRoot.java:726)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:183)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.resourcesStart(StandardContext.java:4885)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5023)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:183)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1396)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1386)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.InlineExecutorService.execute(InlineExecutorService.java:75)
at java.util.concurrent.AbstractExecutorService.submit(AbstractExecutorService.java:134)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:919)
... 21 more
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: java.util.zip.ZipException: invalid LOC header (bad signature)
at org.apache.catalina.webresources.AbstractSingleArchiveResourceSet.initInternal(AbstractSingleArchiveResourceSet.java:143)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.init(LifecycleBase.java:136)
... 33 more
Caused by: java.util.zip.ZipException: invalid LOC header (bad signature)
at java.util.zip.ZipFile.read(Native Method)
at java.util.zip.ZipFile.access$1400(ZipFile.java:60)
at java.util.zip.ZipFile$ZipFileInputStream.read(ZipFile.java:734)
at java.util.zip.ZipFile$ZipFileInflaterInputStream.fill(ZipFile.java:434)
at java.util.zip.InflaterInputStream.read(InflaterInputStream.java:158)
at sun.misc.IOUtils.readNBytes(IOUtils.java:180)
at sun.misc.IOUtils.readAllBytes(IOUtils.java:116)
at java.util.jar.JarFile.getBytes(JarFile.java:426)
at java.util.jar.JarFile.getManifestFromReference(JarFile.java:193)
at java.util.jar.JarFile.getManifest(JarFile.java:180)
at org.apache.catalina.webresources.AbstractSingleArchiveResourceSet.initInternal(AbstractSingleArchiveResourceSet.java:141)
... 34 more
Later addition: I also tried the entire setup using a Java 11 VM for Tomcat but with the same result. So, this issue with some .jar-file having an invalid header or signature is apparently NOT a Java<=(1.)8 vs. Java >=v9 issue. So I reverted back to Java 1.8.

Answer 1

A day later:
This morning when I tried to restart Tomcat again in debug mode to investigate further, the server started up! No more .zip-file issues! The problem just vanished... :-)
Thanks to all who responded!