How can I use an implicit function with two parameters (Scala)? - scala

I've tried this two options:
object DSChecker {
implicit def checkImplFunction(dataset: Dataset[Row], config:Config): Checker = new Checker (dataset, config)
}
and
object DSChecker {
implicit def checkImplFunction(dataset: Dataset[Row])(implicit config:Config): Checker = new Checker (dataset, config)
}
They compile, but the problem is when I need two use them.
I've tried also multiple combinations, but they don't compile...
(evalDifferences is a "normal" function inside clas Checker)
//Whithout implicit args in implicit function
import DSChecker._
(df1, difConfig).evalDifferences(df2)
or
// With config as implicit arg in implicit funciton
import DSChecker._
df1.evalDifferences(df2)
The problem is always the same... the compilator doesn't find "evalDifferences" method.
Can someone help me?

In your case, I think extension method fits better:
object DSChecker {
implicit class DfExtension(df: Dataframe) {
def checker(implicit config: Config) = {
new Checker(df, config)
}
}
}
df1.checker.evalDifferences(df2)
You can also expose evalDifferences directly as extension method.

Try with Tuple:
object DSChecker {
implicit def checkImplFunction(data: (Dataset[Row], Config)): Checker = new Checker (data._1, data._2)
}
Then, this should work:
//Whithout implicit args in implicit function
import DSChecker._
(df1, difConfig).evalDifferences(df2)

Related

How to swap JSON Writes Converter for Play controller Action

I've built a microservice using Scala and Play and now I need to create a new version of the service that returns the same data as the previous version of the service but in a different JSON format. The service currently uses implicit Writes converters to do this. My controller looks something like this, where MyJsonWrites contains the implicit definitions.
class MyController extends Controller with MyJsonWrites {
def myAction(query: String) = Action.async {
getData(query).map {
results =>
Ok(Json.toJson(results))
}
}
}
trait MyJsonWrites {
implicit val writes1: Writes[SomeDataType]
implicit val writes2: Writes[SomeOtherDataType]
...
}
Now I need a new version of myAction where the JSON is formatted differently. The first attempt I made was to make MyController a base class and have subclasses extend it with their own trait that has the implicit values. Something like this.
class MyNewContoller extends MyController with MyNewJsonWrites
This doesn't work though because the implicit values defined on MyNewJsonWrites are not available in the methods of the super class.
It would be ideal if I could just create a new action on the controller that somehow used the converters defined in MyNewJsonWrites. Sure, I could change the trait to an object and import the implicit values in each method but then I'd have to duplicate the method body of myAction so that the implicits are in scope when I call Json.toJson. I don't want to pass them as implicit parameters to a base method because there are too many of them. I guess I could pass a method as a parameter to the base method that actually does the imports and Json.toJson call. Something like this. I just thought maybe there'd be a better way.
def myBaseAction(query: String, toJson: Seq[MyResultType] => JsValue) = Action.async {
getData(query).map {
results =>
Ok(Json.toJson(results))
}
}
def myActionV1(query: String) = {
def toJson(results: Seq[MyResultType]) = {
import MyJsonWritesV2._
Json.toJson(results)
}
myBaseAction(query, toJson)
}
Instead of relying on scala implicit resolution, you can call your writes directly:
def myBaseAction(query: String, writes: Writes[MyResultType]) = Action.async {
getData(query).map { results =>
val seqWrites: Writes[Seq[MyResultType]] = Writes.seq(writes)
Ok(seqWrites.writes(results))
}
}
def myActionV1(query: String) = myBaseAction(query, MyJsonWritesV1)
def myActionV2(query: String) = myBaseAction(query, MyJsonWritesV2)

Understanding implicit conversions

I'm reading Scala documentation of implicit conversions and decided to try it out:
object Main extends App {
val test = TestConversion(100)
test.its
}
class Test[T](val t : T) {
def its = println(t)
}
object Test {
def apply[T](t: T): Test[T] = new Test(t)
}
class TestConversion(v : Int) {
val value = v
}
object TestConversion{
implicit def implicitConversionTest2Int(ict : TestConversion): Test[Int] = Test(ict.value)
def apply(v : Int) = new TestConversion(v)
}
As it's said:
To define your own implicit conversions, you must first import
scala.language.implicitConversions (or invoke the compiler with
-language:implicitConversions). The feature must be explicitly enabled because it has pitfalls if used indiscriminately.
I tried it both in IntelliJ and online IdeOne and I didn't add anything special to make it compile.
What pitfalls it brings and why does it work without any imports?
You don't need to import anything.
The idea is that you can declare implicit conversion function wherever you want in the scope.
For example:
case class Coins(amount:Int)
case class Bills(amount:Int)
object Main {
implicit def billsToCoins(bills:Bills):Coins = Coins(bills.amount * 100)
def printCoins(coins:Coins) = println(s"You have ${coins.amount} coins." )
def main(args:Array[String]): Unit ={
printCoins(Bills(3))
}
}
I have declared here implicit function billsToCoins so it is available in scope of the main function. The only thing needed for the function to act as implicit converter is to have the implicit modifier, compiler will find it and use. You see that the printCoins function takes argument of the Coins type but I was able to pass the value of Bills type and it was successfully created.
Here is the console output:
You have 300 coins.
Process finished with exit code 0

Scala implicit conversion not recognised

I have the following object for making a conversion of an object ParsedItemDocument to a json String. I should note that ParsedItemDocument is a trait. My problem is that the implicit conversion that is called on the second snippet is not recognized by the compiler. Is there anything more that needs to be done for the implicit conversion to work?
import scala.language.implicitConversions
import wikidataParser.ParsedItemDocument
object Converters {
def toJson(obj: Any): String = {
val mapper = new ObjectMapper()
mapper.registerModule(DefaultScalaModule)
val out = new StringWriter
mapper.writeValue(out, obj)
return out.toString()
}
implicit def parsedItemDocumentToJsonString
(item: ParsedItemDocument): String = {
Converters.toJson(item)
}
}
Now, I use the following code-snippet in my code
import tools.Converters._
import wikidataParser.ParsedItemDocument
class WikipediaRankingTester2 extends FlatSpec {
"It" should "do something" in {
val jsonrdd:RDD[String]=rankedItems.map(t:Long,ParsedItemDocument)=>
t._2.parsedItemDocumentToJsonString)//compilation error here
}
}
You are mixing up implicit conversions and implicit classes.
If you want to use parsedItemDocumentToJsonString as a "method" of an object of type ParsedItemDocument, then you would need to define your implicit as
implicit class JSONParsing(item: ParsedItemDocument): String {
def parsedItemDocumentToJsonString = Converters.toJson(item)
}
If you declare it as an implicit conversion, as you did, then it means that you can call any methods of String on an object of type ParsedItemDocument, as the object will be implicitly converted to a String through the implicit method.
Also, it is not great practice to declare an entire implicit class / conversion, unless you 1) cannot add it to the original class, or 2) will be reusing the conversion very often, and it would save great amounts of code/readability. This does not seem to be the case here, as you are only wrapping in Converters.toJSON, which is not very verbose, and jsut as readable.
PS: your syntax in your "map" is wrong, the right syntax would be
val jsonrdd = rankedItems.map(t => t._2.parsedItemDocumentToJsonString)
If your implicit is working this should do it:
rankedItems.map(t => t._2)
You can test this by making the call explicit
rankedItems.map(t => parsedItemDocumentToJsonString(t._2))
If you want to add an extra method to a ParsedItemDocument you could use an implicit class, I don't think you need it but your code looks a bit that way.

Implicit conversion to make generic type available

I am using a library which has a class that has a generic type that can be quite complicated. I need to write a method that takes a parameter with the generic type that a val of the library class has, and I would like to avoid having to write out the type in the method signature. I thought I might be able to create an implicit class which adds a type to the val that I could use in the method signature, kind of like:
// This comes from a library and can't be changed
case class LibraryClass[A](a: A)
//----------------------------------
object MyCode {
val thing = LibraryClass(3)
implicit class LibraryClassWithType[A](lc: LibraryClass[A]) {
type TheType = A
}
def doStuff(something: thing.TheType): Unit = {
println(something)
}
}
This does not compile (TheType is not a member of LibraryClass). But if I wrap it in the class myself, it works
val thingWithType = LibraryClassWithType(thing)
def doStuff(something: thingWithType.TheType): Unit = {
println(something)
}
Is there something I am missing that will make this work, or is this kind of implicit conversion not valid Scala?
I haven't been able to do this sort of thing with implicits, but I have had to do something similar where I just instantiated these sorts of type holders:
case class LibraryClass[A](a: A)
object MyCode {
val thing = LibraryClass(3)
class HigherTypeHolder[A,F[A]](a: F[A]) {
type AT = A
}
val th = new HigherTypeHolder(thing)
def doStuff(something: th.AT): Unit = {
println(something)
}
}
You can do what (I think) you want like this:
implicit val thing = LibraryClass(3)
def doStuff[A](something: A)(implicit lc: LibraryClass[A])
What I don't understand is why this needs to be so complicated. Why not for example stick with your second approach, without implicits, that works, or why not just do
def doStuff[A](something: A) to begin with?

Why does an implicit conversion on the constructor require 'this'?

Consider the following typical Scala 'pimp' code:
class PimpedA(a:A){
def pimp() = "hi"
}
implicit def pimpA(a:A) = new PimpedA(a)
new A(){
pimp() //<--- does not compile
}
However, changing it to:
new A(){
this.pimp()
}
Makes it work.
Shouldn't it be the same to the Scala compiler?
EDIT : Is there any solution that can make it work without having to add the this.?
Not at all. For it to work, pimp needs to be either an object or an imported member of a value, and it is neither. A class has an "implicit" import this._. It has not a mechanism that auto-prepends this to stuff to see if it compiles.
In this case you should give compiler a hint that pimp() is not a random function. When you write
this.pimp()
compiler know there isn't pimp function on class A so it's an error and before giving up it searches implicit conversion in scope and finds it.
pimpA(this).pimp()
And when you just call pimp() compiler doesn't know what object to pass to the pimpA(a: A) implicit function.
UPDATE
It is hard to understand what is your goal. I can only suggest to make PimpedA a typeclass (Pimp[T] in this example).
trait Pimp[T] {
def action(p: T): String
}
implicit object PimpA extends Pimp[A] {
override def action(p: A) = "some actions related to A"
}
def pimp[T: Pimp](p: T) = implicitly[Pimp[T]].action(p)
class A {
val foo = pimp(this)
}
scala> new A foo
res2: String = some actions related to A