Related
In my SELECT statement, I have:
,UserName
When this comes through in the query, it appears as: JOHN.SMITH
Is it possible to use CAST or CONVERT to change this to John Smith?
Any advice gratefully appreciated.
Thanks.
First replace the period with a space:
SELECT REPLACE(SELECT UserName FROM YourTable, '.', ' ')
Save this in a variable, or put this select directly to the function below.
Unfortunately, I don't have t-sql at my disposal right now, so I can't check the syntax to be 100% correct.
Then to set only first chars to uppercase. If you were using oracle, I would tell you to use initcap, but this doesn't exist in t-sql.
Taken from link: http://www.devx.com/tips/Tip/17608
create function initcap (#text varchar(4000))
returns varchar(4000)
as
begin
declare #counter int,
#length int,
#char char(1),
#textnew varchar(4000)
set #text = rtrim(#text)
set #text = lower(#text)
set #length = len(#text)
set #counter = 1
set #text = upper(left(#text, 1) ) + right(#text, #length - 1)
while #counter <> #length --+ 1
begin
select #char = substring(#text, #counter, 1)
IF #char = space(1) or #char = '_' or #char = ',' or #char = '.' or #char = '\'
or #char = '/' or #char = '(' or #char = ')'
begin
set #textnew = left(#text, #counter) + upper(substring(#text,
#counter+1, 1)) + right(#text, (#length - #counter) - 1)
set #text = #textnew
end
set #counter = #counter + 1
end
return #text
end
So use this function to convert the uppercase string. Hope this helps.
You could go about it like so:
DECLARE #UserName AS varchar(50) = 'JOHN.SMITH'
SELECT LEFT(UPPER(LEFT(#UserName, CHARINDEX('.', #UserName)-1)),1) + SUBSTRING(LOWER(LEFT(#UserName, CHARINDEX('.', #UserName)-1)),2,LEN(LEFT(#UserName, CHARINDEX('.', #UserName)-1))-1) + ' ' + LEFT(UPPER(RIGHT(#UserName, LEN(#UserName) - CHARINDEX('.', #UserName))),1) + SUBSTRING(LOWER(RIGHT(#UserName, LEN(#UserName) - CHARINDEX('.', #UserName))),2,LEN(RIGHT(#UserName, LEN(#UserName) - CHARINDEX('.', #UserName)))-1)
It gets everything before the . and then uppers the first letter whilst lowering the rest and then does the same for everything after the ..
However, it would be much better if you handled this in your code as when you come back to reading this query you may not know what it's doing.
I have an table include 1 column ID and 12 columns month (Month01 to Month12). If i have an parameter #month=9, how can i compare to get column Month01 to Month09 without Month10, Month11, Month12. Please help me!
Simo's answer is more elegant, but below is an alternative "basic" way to do this:
DECLARE #month INT
SET #month = 9
IF #Month = 1
BEGIN
SELECT Id, Month01
FROM MonthlyData
END
IF #Month = 2
BEGIN
SELECT Id, Month01, Month02
FROM MonthlyData
END
-- Repeat for months 3-9
IF #Month = 9
BEGIN
SELECT Id, Month01, Month02, Month03, Month04,
Month05, Month06, Month07, Month08, Month09
FROM MonthlyData
END
-- Repeat for months 10-12
See my SQL Fiddle.
declare #str varchar(1000)
SELECT #str= coalesce(#str + ', ', '') + a.name
FROM (
Select name from sys.columns
where object_id = OBJECT_ID('table_months')
and isnumeric(right(name,2))= 1 and name like 'month%'
and cast(right(name,2) as int) < '03') a
-- Instead of '03' you use a variable and assign required moths number
declare #sql nvarchar(100)
set #sql = 'select ID, '+ #str+' from table_months'
exec sp_executesql #sql
you may try this out also :)
DECLARE #month int = 9
DECLARE #Sql nvarchar(100) =''
DECLARE #pos int = 1
WHILE(#pos <= #month)
BEGIN
SET #Sql = #Sql + (',month' + right('00'+ rtrim(#pos), 2))
SET #pos = #pos + 1
END
SET #Sql= 'SELECT ID ' +#Sql + ' FROM table'
EXEC sp_executesql #Sql
DECLARE #month int
DECLARE #tableName nvarchar(128)
SET #month = 9;
SET #tableName = 'months' -- YOUR TABLE's NAME
DECLARE #query nvarchar(2048)
SET #query =
'SELECT id, ' + STUFF((SELECT DISTINCT ', ' + name
FROM sys.columns WHERE name LIKE'Month%'
AND object_id = OBJECT_ID(#tableName)
AND CONVERT(INT, RIGHT(name, 2)) <= #month
FOR XML PATH(''), TYPE).value('.', 'NVARCHAR(MAX)'),1,1,'')
+ ' FROM ' + #tableName;
EXEC(#query)
I have written the query and it is working:
declare #word as nvarchar (20)
set #word = 'victOR aALEXander'
select upper(left(#word, 1)) + lower(SUBSTRING(#word,2,charindex(' ', #word)-2)) + ' ' +
upper(left(substring(#word,charindex(' ', #word)+1,len(#word)-1),1))
+ lower(SUBSTRING(#word,charindex(' ', #word)+2, len(#word)))
I have created the function:
alter function letters ( #word as nvarchar(20))
returns varchar(20) as begin
return upper(left(#word, 1)) + lower(SUBSTRING(#word,2,charindex(' ', #word)-2)) + ' ' +
upper(left(substring(#word,charindex(' ', #word)+1,len(#word)-1),1))
+ lower(SUBSTRING(#word,charindex(' ', #word)+2, len(#word))) end
Finally i have done:
select dbo.letters(users)
from dbo.tempdb
I have got:
Invalid length parameter passed to the SUBSTRING function
Why?
Try this function:
Create Function dbo.Proper(#Data VarChar(8000))
Returns VarChar(8000)
As
Begin
Declare #Position Int
Select #Data = Stuff(Lower(#Data), 1, 1, Upper(Left(#Data, 1))),
#Position = PatIndex('%[^a-zA-Z][a-z]%', #Data COLLATE Latin1_General_Bin)
While #Position > 0
Select #Data = Stuff(#Data, #Position, 2, Upper(SubString(#Data, #Position, 2))),
#Position = PatIndex('%[^a-zA-Z][a-z]%', #Data COLLATE Latin1_General_Bin)
Return #Data
End
This function works properly whether there are spaces, apostrophes, or anything else in your data. Unfortunately it won't convert macdonald to MacDonald or o'brien to O'Brien. However, it will work for any word(s) that only have 1 capital letter in it.
also try trimming in case you have spaces at the beginning and end:
alter function letters ( #word as nvarchar(20))
returns varchar(20) as
begin
set #word = ltrim(rtrim(#word))
return upper(left(#word, 1)) + lower(SUBSTRING(#word,2,charindex(' ', #word)-2)) + ' ' +
upper(left(substring(#word,charindex(' ', #word)+1,len(#word)-1),1))
+ lower(SUBSTRING(#word,charindex(' ', #word)+2, len(#word)))
end
Character count of #word parameter is less than substring count. Also, parameter could be null.
try if this query works. However if you have more than single ' ' then this query will fail.
declare #word as nvarchar (20)
set #word = 'alex' -- 'victOR aALEXander'
select
upper(left(#word, 1)) +
CASE WHEN charindex(' ', #word)>0 THEN lower(SUBSTRING(#word,2,charindex(' ', #word)-2)) + ' '
+ upper(left(substring(#word,charindex(' ', #word)+1,len(#word)-1),1))
+ lower(SUBSTRING(#word,charindex(' ', #word)+2, len(#word)))
ELSE lower(SUBSTRING(#word,2,len(#word)-1)) END
my problem is pretty simple. I get a value from a sql select which looks like this:
ARAMAUBEBABRBGCNDKDEEEFOFIFRGEGRIEISITJPYUCAKZKG
and I need it like this:
AR,AM,AU,BE,BA,BR,BG,CN,DK,DE,EE,FO,FI,FR,GE,GR,IE,IS,IT,JP,YU,CA,KZ,KG
The length is different in each dataset.
I tried it with format(), stuff() and so on but nothing brought me the result I need.
Thanks in advance
With a little help of a numbers table and for xml path.
-- Sample table
declare #T table
(
Value nvarchar(100)
)
-- Sample data
insert into #T values
('ARAMAU'),
('ARAMAUBEBABRBGCNDKDEEEFOFIFRGEGRIEISITJPYUCAKZKG')
declare #Len int
set #Len = 2;
select stuff(T2.X.value('.', 'nvarchar(max)'), 1, 1, '')
from #T as T1
cross apply (select ','+substring(T1.Value, 1+Number*#Len, #Len)
from Numbers
where Number >= 0 and
Number < len(T1.Value) / #Len
order by Number
for xml path(''), type) as T2(X)
Try on SE-Data
Time to update your resume.
create function DontDoThis (
#string varchar(max),
#count int
)
returns varchar(max)
as
begin
declare #result varchar(max) = ''
declare #token varchar(max) = ''
while DATALENGTH(#string) > 0
begin
select #token = left(#string, #count)
select #string = REPLACE(#string, #token, '')
select #result += #token + case when DATALENGTH(#string) = 0 then '' else ',' end
end
return #result
end
Call:
declare #test varchar(max) = 'ARAMAUBEBABRBGCNDKDEEEFOFIFRGEGRIEISITJPYUCAKZKG'
select dbo.DontDoThis(#test, 2)
gbn's comment is exactly right, if not very diplomatic :) TSQL is a poor language for string manipulation, but if you write a CLR function to do this then you will have the best of both worlds: .NET string functions called from pure TSQL.
I believe this is what QQping is looking for.
-- select .dbo.DelineateEachNth('ARAMAUBEBABRBGCNDKDEEEFOFIFRGEGRIEISITJPYUCAKZKG',2,',')
create function DelineateEachNth
(
#str varchar(max), -- Incoming String to parse
#length int, -- Length of desired segment
#delimiter varchar(100) -- Segment delimiter (comma, tab, line-feed, etc)
)
returns varchar(max)
AS
begin
declare #resultString varchar(max) = ''
-- only set delimiter(s) when lenght of string is longer than desired segment
if LEN(#str) > #length
begin
-- continue as long as there is a remaining string to parse
while len(#str) > 0
begin
-- as long as know we still need to create a segment...
if LEN(#str) > #length
begin
-- build result string from leftmost segment length
set #resultString = #resultString + left(#str, #length) + #delimiter
-- continually shorten result string by current segment
set #str = right(#str, len(#str) - #length)
end
-- as soon as the remaining string is segment length or less,
-- just use the remainder and empty the string to close the loop
else
begin
set #resultString = #resultString + #str
set #str = ''
end
end
end
-- if string is less than segment length, just pass it through
else
begin
set #resultString = #str
end
return #resultString
end
With a little help from Regex
select Wow=
(select case when MatchIndex %2 = 0 and MatchIndex!=0 then ',' + match else match end
from dbo.RegExMatches('[^\n]','ARAMAUBEBABRBGCNDKDEEEFOFIFRGEGRIEISITJPYUCAKZKG',1)
for xml path(''))
The question is self explanatory. Could you please point out a way to put spaces between each capital letter of a string.
SELECT dbo.SpaceBeforeCap('ThisIsATestString')
would result in
This Is A Test String.
This will add spaces only if the previous and next character is lowercase. That way 'MyABCAnalysis' will be 'My ABC Analysis'.
I added a check for a previous space too. Since some of our strings are prefixed with 'GR_' and some also contain underscores, we can use the replace function as follows:
select dbo.GR_SpaceBeforeCap(replace('GR_ABCAnalysis_Test','_',' '))
Returns 'GR ABC Analysis Test'
CREATE FUNCTION GR_SpaceBeforeCap (
#str nvarchar(max)
)
returns nvarchar(max)
as
begin
declare
#i int, #j int
, #cp nchar, #c0 nchar, #c1 nchar
, #result nvarchar(max)
select
#i = 1
, #j = len(#str)
, #result = ''
while #i <= #j
begin
select
#cp = substring(#str,#i-1,1)
, #c0 = substring(#str,#i+0,1)
, #c1 = substring(#str,#i+1,1)
if #c0 = UPPER(#c0) collate Latin1_General_CS_AS
begin
-- Add space if Current is UPPER
-- and either Previous or Next is lower
-- and Previous or Current is not already a space
if #c0 = UPPER(#c0) collate Latin1_General_CS_AS
and (
#cp <> UPPER(#cp) collate Latin1_General_CS_AS
or #c1 <> UPPER(#c1) collate Latin1_General_CS_AS
)
and #cp <> ' '
and #c0 <> ' '
set #result = #result + ' '
end -- if #co
set #result = #result + #c0
set #i = #i + 1
end -- while
return #result
end
Assuming SQL Server 2005 or later, this modified from code taken here: http://www.kodyaz.com/articles/case-sensitive-sql-split-function.aspx
CREATE FUNCTION SpaceBeforeCap
(
#str nvarchar(max)
)
returns nvarchar(max)
as
begin
declare #i int, #j int
declare #returnval nvarchar(max)
set #returnval = ''
select #i = 1, #j = len(#str)
declare #w nvarchar(max)
while #i <= #j
begin
if substring(#str,#i,1) = UPPER(substring(#str,#i,1)) collate Latin1_General_CS_AS
begin
if #w is not null
set #returnval = #returnval + ' ' + #w
set #w = substring(#str,#i,1)
end
else
set #w = #w + substring(#str,#i,1)
set #i = #i + 1
end
if #w is not null
set #returnval = #returnval + ' ' + #w
return ltrim(#returnval)
end
This can then be called just as you have suggested above.
This function combines previous answers. Selectively choose to preserve adjacent CAPS:
CREATE FUNCTION SpaceBeforeCap (
#InputString NVARCHAR(MAX),
#PreserveAdjacentCaps BIT
)
RETURNS NVARCHAR(MAX)
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE
#i INT, #j INT,
#previous NCHAR, #current NCHAR, #next NCHAR,
#result NVARCHAR(MAX)
SELECT
#i = 1,
#j = LEN(#InputString),
#result = ''
WHILE #i <= #j
BEGIN
SELECT
#previous = SUBSTRING(#InputString,#i-1,1),
#current = SUBSTRING(#InputString,#i+0,1),
#next = SUBSTRING(#InputString,#i+1,1)
IF #current = UPPER(#current) COLLATE Latin1_General_CS_AS
BEGIN
-- Add space if Current is UPPER
-- and either Previous or Next is lower or user chose not to preserve adjacent caps
-- and Previous or Current is not already a space
IF #current = UPPER(#current) COLLATE Latin1_General_CS_AS
AND (
#previous <> UPPER(#previous) COLLATE Latin1_General_CS_AS
OR #next <> UPPER(#next) collate Latin1_General_CS_AS
OR #PreserveAdjacentCaps = 0
)
AND #previous <> ' '
AND #current <> ' '
SET #result = #result + ' '
END
SET #result = #result + #current
SET #i = #i + 1
END
RETURN #result
END
GO
SELECT dbo.SpaceBeforeCap('ThisIsASampleDBString', 1)
GO
SELECT dbo.SpaceBeforeCap('ThisIsASampleDBString', 0)
CLR and regular expressions or 26 replace statements a case sensitive collate clause and a trim.
Another strategy would be to check the ascii value of each character:
create function SpaceBeforeCap
(#str nvarchar(max))
returns nvarchar(max)
as
begin
declare #result nvarchar(max)= left(#str, 1),
#i int = 2
while #i <= len(#str)
begin
if ascii(substring(#str, #i, 1)) between 65 and 90
select #result += ' '
select #result += substring(#str, #i, 1)
select #i += 1
end
return #result
end
/***
SELECT dbo.SpaceBeforeCap('ThisIsATestString')
**/
To avoid loops altogether, use of a tally table can help here. If you are running on SQL 2022, then the generate_series function can remove even this dependency. This method will be significantly faster than iterating through a loop.
create function core.ufnAddSpaceBeforeCapital
(
#inputString nvarchar(max)
)
returns nvarchar(max)
as
begin
declare #outputString nvarchar(max)
select
#outputString = string_agg(iif(t.value = 1, upper(substring(#inputString,t.value,1)),iif(ascii(substring(#inputString,t.value,1)) between 65 and 90, ' ','') + substring(#inputString,t.value,1)),'')
from
generate_series(1,cast(len(#inputString) as int)) t
return #outputString
end
The scalar function is not inlineable, so I've provided an alternative inline table-valued function if that's what you need.
create function core.ufnAddSpaceBeforeCapitalITVF
(
#inputString nvarchar(max)
)
returns table
as
return
(
select
string_agg(iif(t.value = 1, upper(substring(#inputString,t.value,1)),iif(ascii(substring(#inputString,t.value,1)) between 65 and 90, ' ','') + substring(#inputString,t.value,1)),'') as outputString
from
generate_series(1,cast(len(#inputString) as int)) t
)
end
While I really like the char looping answers I was not thrilled with the performance. I have found this performs in a fraction of the time for my use case.
CREATE function SpaceBeforeCap
(#examine nvarchar(max))
returns nvarchar(max)
as
begin
DECLARE #index as INT
SET #index = PatIndex( '%[^ ][A-Z]%', #examine COLLATE Latin1_General_BIN)
WHILE #index > 0 BEGIN
SET #examine = SUBSTRING(#examine, 1, #index) + ' ' + SUBSTRING(#examine, #index + 1, LEN(#examine))
SET #index = PatIndex( '%[^ ][A-Z]%', #examine COLLATE Latin1_General_BIN)
END
RETURN LTRIM(#examine)
end
This makes use of the fact that
case sensitive pattern search only works in some collations. The character class [^ ] means anything except space, so as we add the missing spaces we match farther into the string until it is complete.