I am trying to create a function where a multi-line string is spell checked and a single SwiftUI Text() view is returned with any misspelled words highlighted in red.
I have almost cracked it by splitting the string by newlines, then splitting the lines by whitespace and then checking each word.
My main issue is that I am getting an extra new line added at the end of the resulting Text view. Is there anyway I can trim the last Text("\n") or prevent it from being added to the last line?
Also, if there is any way to make it more efficient as there is a slight lag introduced as a lot of text in an array gets checked and so the function is called many times?
Many thanks in advance
func formatText(multiLineText: String) -> Text {
let lineArray = multiLineText.components(separatedBy: .newlines)
let stringToTextView = lineArray.reduce(Text(""), {
return $0 + formatLineText(singleLineText: $1) + Text("\n")
})
return stringToTextView
}
func formatLineText(singleLineText: String) -> Text {
let stringArray = singleLineText.components(separatedBy: .whitespaces)
let stringToTextView = stringArray.reduce(Text(""), {
if !wordIsValid(word: $1) {
return $0 + Text($1).foregroundColor(Color.red).underline() + Text(" ")
}
else {
return $0 + Text($1) + Text(" ")
}
})
return stringToTextView
}
func wordIsValid(word: String) -> Bool {
let checker = UITextChecker()
let range = NSRange(location: 0, length: word.utf16.count)
let misspelledRange = checker.rangeOfMisspelledWord(in: word, range: range, startingAt: 0, wrap: false, language: "en_GB")
return misspelledRange.location == NSNotFound
}
You could use .enumerated in your reduce to check to see if the item is the last one or not -- if it is, don't return the \n.
func formatText(multiLineText: String) -> Text {
let lineArray = multiLineText.components(separatedBy: .newlines)
let stringToTextView = lineArray.enumerated().reduce(Text(""), { (acc,item) in
return acc + formatLineText(singleLineText: item.1) + Text(item.0 != lineArray.endIndex - 1 ? "\n" : "")
})
return stringToTextView
}
In terms of performance, I'd move the let checker = UITextChecker() to somewhere where it doesn't get recreated on every single call to wordIsValid
Related
I can reverse every word in a string functionally without using a loop, but when I try to reverse EVERY OTHER WORD. I run into problems. I can do it with a loop but not functionally. What am I not seeing here?
Functionally (every word):
import UIKit
let input = "This is a sample sentence"
func reverseWords(input: String) -> String {
let parts = input.components(separatedBy: " ")
let reversed = parts.map { String($0.reversed()) }
return reversed.joined(separator: " ")
}
reverseWords(input: input)
With loop (EVERY OTHER WORD):
var sampleSentence = "This is a sample sentence"
func reverseWordsInSentence(sentence: String) -> String {
let allWords = sampleSentence.components(separatedBy:" ")
var newSentence = ""
for index in 0...allWords.count - 1 {
let word = allWords[index]
if newSentence != "" {
newSentence += " "
}
if index % 2 == 1 {
let reverseWord = String(word.reversed())
newSentence += reverseWord
} else {
newSentence += word
}
}
return newSentence
}
reverseWordsInSentence(sentence: sampleSentence)
With a slight modification of your reverseWords you can reverse every other word. Use enumerated() to combine a word with its position, and then use that to reverse odd words:
let input = "one two three four five"
func reverseOddWords(input: String) -> String {
let parts = input.components(separatedBy: " ")
let reversed = parts.enumerated().map { $0 % 2 == 0 ? String($1.reversed()) : $1 }
return reversed.joined(separator: " ")
}
print(reverseOddWords(input: input))
eno two eerht four evif
Or you could pattern your function after Swift's sort and pass the filter closure to the reverseWords function:
let input = "one two three four five"
func reverseWords(_ input: String, using filter: ((Int) -> Bool) = { _ in true }) -> String {
let parts = input.components(separatedBy: " ")
let reversed = parts.enumerated().map { filter($0) ? String($1.reversed()) : $1 }
return reversed.joined(separator: " ")
}
// default behavior is to reverse all words
print(reverseWords("one two three four five"))
eno owt eerht ruof evif
print(reverseWords("one two three four five", using: { $0 % 2 == 1 }))
one owt three ruof five
print(reverseWords("one two three four five", using: { [0, 3, 4].contains($0) }))
eno two three ruof evif
let everyThirdWord = { $0 % 3 == 0 }
print(reverseWords("one two three four five", using: everyThirdWord))
eno two three ruof five
Use stride() to generate a sequence of indexes of every other word.
Then use forEach() to select each index in the stride array and use it to mutate the word at that index to reverse it.
import UIKit
let string = "Now is the time for all good programmers to babble incoherently"
var words = string.components(separatedBy: " ")
stride(from: 0, to: words.count, by: 2)
.forEach { words[$0] = String(words[$0].reversed()) }
let newString = words.joined(separator: " ")
print(newString)
The output string is:
"woN is eht time rof all doog programmers ot babble yltnerehocni"
I have a string like this:
"te_st" and like to replace all underscores followed by a character with the uppercased version of this character.
From "te_st" --> Found (regex: "_.") --------replace with next char (+ uppercase ("s"->"S")--------> "teSt"
From "te_st" ---> to "teSt"
From "_he_l_lo" ---> to "HeLLo"
From "an_o_t_h_er_strin_g" ---> to "anOTHErStrinG"
... but I can not really get it working using Swift's NSRegularExpression like this small snipped does:
var result = "te_st" // result should be teSt
result = try! NSRegularExpression(pattern: "_*").stringByReplacingMatches(in: result, range: NSRange(0..<result.count), withTemplate: ("$1".uppercased()))
There's no regular syntax to convert a match to uppercase. The code you posted is attempting to convert the string $1 to uppercase which is of course just $1. It isn't attempting to convert the value represented by the $1 match at runtime.
Here's another approach using a regular expression to find the _ followed by a lowercase letter. Those are enumerated and replaced with the uppercase letter.
extension String {
func toCamelCase() -> String {
let expr = try! NSRegularExpression(pattern: "_([a-z])")
var res = self
for match in expr.matches(in: self, range: NSRange(0..<res.count)).reversed() {
let range = Range(match.range, in: self)!
let letterRange = Range(match.range(at: 1), in: self)!
res.replaceSubrange(range, with: self[letterRange].uppercased())
}
return res
}
}
print("te_st".toCamelCase())
print("_he_l_lo".toCamelCase())
print("an_o_t_h_er_strin_g".toCamelCase())
This outputs:
teSt
HeLLo
anOTHErStrinG
Here is one implementation using NSRegularExpression. I use group match to get the character after _ and capitalize it and replace the string.
func capitalizeLetterAfterUnderscore(string: String) -> String {
var capitalizedString = string
guard let regularExpression = try? NSRegularExpression(pattern: "_(.)") else {
return capitalizedString
}
let matches = regularExpression.matches(in: string,
options: .reportCompletion,
range: NSMakeRange(0, string.count))
for match in matches {
let groupRange = match.range(at: 1)
let index = groupRange.location
let characterIndex = string.index(string.startIndex,
offsetBy: index)
let range = characterIndex ... characterIndex
let capitalizedCharacter = String(capitalizedString[characterIndex]).capitalized
capitalizedString = capitalizedString.replacingCharacters(in: range,
with: capitalizedCharacter)
}
capitalizedString = capitalizedString.replacingOccurrences(of: "_", with: "")
return capitalizedString
}
capitalizeLetterAfterUnderscore(string: "an_o_t_h_er_strin_g") // anOTHErStrinG
And here is other one without using regular expression. I made extension for method which could also be reused.
extension String {
func indexes(of character: String) -> [Index] {
precondition(character.count == 1, "character should be single letter string")
return enumerated().reduce([]) { (partial, component) in
let currentIndex = index(startIndex,
offsetBy: component.offset)
return String(self[currentIndex]) == character
? partial + [currentIndex]
: partial
}
}
func capitalizeLetter(after indexes: [Index]) -> String {
var modifiedString = self
for currentIndex in indexes {
guard let letterIndex = index(currentIndex,
offsetBy: 1,
limitedBy: endIndex)
else { continue }
let range = letterIndex ... letterIndex
modifiedString = modifiedString.replacingCharacters(in: range,
with: self[range].capitalized)
}
return modifiedString
}
}
let string = "an_o_t_h_er_strin_g"
let newString = string.capitalizeLetter(after: string.indexes(of: "_"))
.replacingOccurrences(of: "_",with: "")
You can use string range(of:, options:, range:) method with .regularExpression options to match the occurrences of "_[a-z]" and replace the subranges iterating the ranges found at reversed order by the character at the index after the range lowerbound uppercased:
let string = "an_o_t_h_er_strin_g"
let regex = "_[a-z]"
var start = string.startIndex
var ranges:[Range<String.Index>] = []
while let range = string.range(of: regex, options: .regularExpression, range: start..<string.endIndex) {
start = range.upperBound
ranges.append(range)
}
var finalString = string
for range in ranges.reversed() {
finalString.replaceSubrange(range, with: String(string[string.index(after: range.lowerBound)]).uppercased())
}
print(finalString) // "anOTHErStrinG\n"
The problem is that it is converting the string "$1" to upper case (which is, unsurprisingly unchanged, just "$1") and using "$1" as the template. If you want to use regex, you will have to enumerate through matches yourself.
The alternative is to split the string by _ characters and uppercase the first character of every substring (except the first) and joining it back together using reduce:
let input = "te_st"
let output = input.components(separatedBy: "_").enumerated().reduce("") { $0 + ($1.0 == 0 ? $1.1 : $1.1.uppercasedFirst()) }
Or, if your goal isn't to write code as cryptic as most regex, we can make that a tad more legible:
let output = input
.components(separatedBy: "_")
.enumerated()
.reduce("") { result, current in
if current.offset == 0 {
return current.element // because you don’t want the first component capitalized
} else {
return result + current.element.uppercasedFirst()
}
}
Resulting in:
teSt
Note, that uses this extension for capitalizing the first character:
extension String {
func uppercasedFirst(with locale: Locale? = nil) -> String {
guard count > 0 else { return self }
return String(self[startIndex]).uppercased(with: locale) + self[index(after: startIndex)...]
}
}
If you want to do sort of dynamic conversion with NSRegularExpression, you can subclass NSRegularExpression and override replacementString(for:in:offset:template:):
class ToCamelRegularExpression: NSRegularExpression {
override func replacementString(for result: NSTextCheckingResult, in string: String, offset: Int, template templ: String) -> String {
if let range = Range(result.range(at: 1), in: string) {
return string[range].uppercased()
} else {
return super.replacementString(for: result, in: string, offset: 0, template: templ)
}
}
}
func toCamelCase(_ input: String) -> String { //Make this a String extension if you prefer...
let regex = try! ToCamelRegularExpression(pattern: "_(.)")
return regex.stringByReplacingMatches(in: input, options: [], range: NSRange(0..<input.utf16.count), withTemplate: "$1")
}
print(toCamelCase("te_st")) //-> teSt
print(toCamelCase("_he_l_lo")) //-> HeLLo
print(toCamelCase("an_o_t_h_er_strin_g")) //-> anOTHErStrinG
I want to set a label's text with a string that's partly bold. The words I want to make bold all begin with the same letter, say "~".
For example I could have the string, "This ~word is bold, and so is ~this"
Then the label's text would contain the string "This word is bold, and so is this".
Does anybody know if it's possible to make a function like this? I tried the following:
func makeStringBoldForLabel(str: String) {
var finalStr = ""
let words = str.components(separatedBy: " ")
for var word in words {
if word.characters.first == "~" {
var att = [NSFontAttributeName : boldFont]
let realWord = word.substring(from: word.startIndex)
finalStr = finalStr + NSMutableAttributedString(string:realWord, attributes:att)
} else {
finalStr = finalStr + word
}
}
}
but get the error:
Binary operator '+' cannot be applied to operands of type 'String' and 'NSMutableAttributedString'
Easy to solve problem.
use:
func makeStringBoldForLabel(str: String) {
let finalStr = NSMutableAttributedString(string: "")
let words = str.components(separatedBy: " ")
for var word in words {
if word.characters.first == "~" {
var att = [NSFontAttributeName : boldFont]
let realWord = word.substring(from: word.startIndex)
finalStr.append(NSMutableAttributedString(string:realWord, attributes:att))
} else {
finalStr.append(NSMutableAttributedString(string: word))
}
}
}
The error message is clear, you cannot concatenate String and NSAttributedString with the + operator.
You are looking for the API enumerateSubstrings:options. It enumerates strings word by word passing the .byWords option. Unfortunately the tilde (~) is not recognized as a word separator, so we have to check if a word has a preceding tilde. Then change the font attributes at the specific range.
let string = "This ~word is bold, and so is ~this"
let attributedString = NSMutableAttributedString(string: string, attributes:[NSFontAttributeName : NSFont.systemFont(ofSize: 14.0)])
let boldAttribute = NSFont.boldSystemFont(ofSize: 14.0)
string.enumerateSubstrings(in: string.startIndex..<string.endIndex, options: .byWords) { (substring, substringRange, enclosingRange, stop) -> () in
if substring == nil { return }
if substringRange.lowerBound != string.startIndex {
let tildeIndex = string.index(before: substringRange.lowerBound)
if string[tildeIndex..<substringRange.lowerBound] == "~" {
let location = string.distance(from: string.startIndex, to: tildeIndex)
let length = string.distance(from: tildeIndex, to: substringRange.upperBound)
attributedString.addAttribute(NSFontAttributeName, value: boldAttribute, range: NSMakeRange(location, length))
}
}
}
Every example of trimming strings in Swift remove both leading and trailing whitespace, but how can only trailing whitespace be removed?
For example, if I have a string:
" example "
How can I end up with:
" example"
Every solution I've found shows trimmingCharacters(in: CharacterSet.whitespaces), but I want to retain the leading whitespace.
RegEx is a possibility, or a range can be derived to determine index of characters to remove, but I can't seem to find an elegant solution for this.
With regular expressions:
let string = " example "
let trimmed = string.replacingOccurrences(of: "\\s+$", with: "", options: .regularExpression)
print(">" + trimmed + "<")
// > example<
\s+ matches one or more whitespace characters, and $ matches
the end of the string.
In Swift 4 & Swift 5
This code will also remove trailing new lines.
It works based on a Character struct's method .isWhitespace
var trailingSpacesTrimmed: String {
var newString = self
while newString.last?.isWhitespace == true {
newString = String(newString.dropLast())
}
return newString
}
This short Swift 3 extension of string uses the .anchored and .backwards option of rangeOfCharacter and then calls itself recursively if it needs to loop. Because the compiler is expecting a CharacterSet as the parameter, you can just supply the static when calling, e.g. "1234 ".trailing(.whitespaces) will return "1234". (I've not done timings, but would expect faster than regex.)
extension String {
func trailingTrim(_ characterSet : CharacterSet) -> String {
if let range = rangeOfCharacter(from: characterSet, options: [.anchored, .backwards]) {
return self.substring(to: range.lowerBound).trailingTrim(characterSet)
}
return self
}
}
In Foundation you can get ranges of indices matching a regular expression. You can also replace subranges. Combining this, we get:
import Foundation
extension String {
func trimTrailingWhitespace() -> String {
if let trailingWs = self.range(of: "\\s+$", options: .regularExpression) {
return self.replacingCharacters(in: trailingWs, with: "")
} else {
return self
}
}
}
You can also have a mutating version of this:
import Foundation
extension String {
mutating func trimTrailingWhitespace() {
if let trailingWs = self.range(of: "\\s+$", options: .regularExpression) {
self.replaceSubrange(trailingWs, with: "")
}
}
}
If we match against \s* (as Martin R. did at first) we can skip the if let guard and force-unwrap the optional since there will always be a match. I think this is nicer since it's obviously safe, and remains safe if you change the regexp. I did not think about performance.
Handy String extension In Swift 4
extension String {
func trimmingTrailingSpaces() -> String {
var t = self
while t.hasSuffix(" ") {
t = "" + t.dropLast()
}
return t
}
mutating func trimmedTrailingSpaces() {
self = self.trimmingTrailingSpaces()
}
}
Swift 4
extension String {
var trimmingTrailingSpaces: String {
if let range = rangeOfCharacter(from: .whitespacesAndNewlines, options: [.anchored, .backwards]) {
return String(self[..<range.lowerBound]).trimmingTrailingSpaces
}
return self
}
}
Demosthese's answer is a useful solution to the problem, but it's not particularly efficient. This is an upgrade to their answer, extending StringProtocol instead, and utilizing Substring to remove the need for repeated copying.
extension StringProtocol {
#inline(__always)
var trailingSpacesTrimmed: Self.SubSequence {
var view = self[...]
while view.last?.isWhitespace == true {
view = view.dropLast()
}
return view
}
}
No need to create a new string when dropping from the end each time.
extension String {
func trimRight() -> String {
String(reversed().drop { $0.isWhitespace }.reversed())
}
}
This operates on the collection and only converts the result back into a string once.
It's a little bit hacky :D
let message = " example "
var trimmed = ("s" + message).trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines)
trimmed = trimmed.substring(from: trimmed.index(after: trimmed.startIndex))
Without regular expression there is not direct way to achieve that.Alternatively you can use the below function to achieve your required result :
func removeTrailingSpaces(with spaces : String) -> String{
var spaceCount = 0
for characters in spaces.characters{
if characters == " "{
print("Space Encountered")
spaceCount = spaceCount + 1
}else{
break;
}
}
var finalString = ""
let duplicateString = spaces.replacingOccurrences(of: " ", with: "")
while spaceCount != 0 {
finalString = finalString + " "
spaceCount = spaceCount - 1
}
return (finalString + duplicateString)
}
You can use this function by following way :-
let str = " Himanshu "
print(removeTrailingSpaces(with : str))
One line solution with Swift 4 & 5
As a beginner in Swift and iOS programming I really like #demosthese's solution above with the while loop as it's very easy to understand. However the example code seems longer than necessary. The following uses essentially the same logic but implements it as a single line while loop.
// Remove trailing spaces from myString
while myString.last == " " { myString = String(myString.dropLast()) }
This can also be written using the .isWhitespace property, as in #demosthese's solution, as follows:
while myString.last?.isWhitespace == true { myString = String(myString.dropLast()) }
This has the benefit (or disadvantage, depending on your point of view) that this removes all types of whitespace, not just spaces but (according to Apple docs) also including newlines, and specifically the following characters:
“\t” (U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION)
“ “ (U+0020 SPACE)
U+2029 PARAGRAPH SEPARATOR
U+3000 IDEOGRAPHIC SPACE
Note: Even though .isWhitespace is a Boolean it can't be used directly in the while loop as it ends up being optional ? due to the chaining of the optional .last property, which returns nil if the String (or collection) is empty. The == true logic gets around this since nil != true.
I'd love to get some feedback on this, esp. in case anyone sees any issues or drawbacks with this simple single line approach.
Swift 5
extension String {
func trimTrailingWhiteSpace() -> String {
guard self.last == " " else { return self }
var tmp = self
repeat {
tmp = String(tmp.dropLast())
} while tmp.last == " "
return tmp
}
}
a string such as ! !! yuahl! ! , I want delete ! and , when I code like this
for index in InputName.characters.indices {
if String(InputName[index]) == "" || InputName.substringToIndex(index) == "!" {
InputName.removeAtIndex(index)
}
}
have this error " fatal error: subscript: subRange extends past String end ", how should I do? THX :D
Swift 5+
let myString = "aaaaaaaabbbb"
let replaced = myString.replacingOccurrences(of: "bbbb", with: "") // "aaaaaaaa"
If you need to remove characters only on both ends, you can use stringByTrimmingCharactersInSet(_:)
let delCharSet = NSCharacterSet(charactersInString: "! ")
let s1 = "! aString! !"
let s1Del = s1.stringByTrimmingCharactersInSet(delCharSet)
print(s1Del) //->aString
let s2 = "! anotherString !! aString! !"
let s2Del = s2.stringByTrimmingCharactersInSet(delCharSet)
print(s2Del) //->anotherString !! aString
If you need to remove characters also in the middle, "reconstruct from the filtered output" would be a little bit more efficient than repeating single character removal.
var tempUSView = String.UnicodeScalarView()
tempUSView.appendContentsOf(s2.unicodeScalars.lazy.filter{!delCharSet.longCharacterIsMember($0.value)})
let s2DelAll = String(tempUSView)
print(s2DelAll) //->anotherStringaString
If you don't mind generating many intermediate Strings and Arrays, this single liner can generate the expected output:
let s2DelAll2 = s2.componentsSeparatedByCharactersInSet(delCharSet).joinWithSeparator("")
print(s2DelAll2) //->anotherStringaString
I find that the filter method is a good way to go for this sort of thing:
let unfiltered = "! !! yuahl! !"
// Array of Characters to remove
let removal: [Character] = ["!"," "]
// turn the string into an Array
let unfilteredCharacters = unfiltered.characters
// return an Array without the removal Characters
let filteredCharacters = unfilteredCharacters.filter { !removal.contains($0) }
// build a String with the filtered Array
let filtered = String(filteredCharacters)
print(filtered) // => "yeah"
// combined to a single line
print(String(unfiltered.characters.filter { !removal.contains($0) })) // => "yuahl"
Swift 3
In Swift 3, the syntax is a bit nicer. As a result of the Great Swiftification of the old APIs, the factory method is now called trimmingCharacters(in:). Also, you can construct the CharacterSet as a Set of single-character Strings:
let string = "! !! yuahl! !"
string.trimmingCharacters(in: [" ", "!"]) // "yuahl"
If you have characters in the middle of the string you would like to remove as well, you can use components(separatedBy:).joined():
let string = "! !! yu !ahl! !"
string.components(separatedBy: ["!", " "]).joined() // "yuahl"
H/T #OOPer for the Swift 2 version
func trimLast(character chars: Set<Character>) -> String {
let str: String = String(self.reversed())
guard let index = str.index(where: {!chars.contains($0)}) else {
return self
}
return String((str[index..<str.endIndex]).reversed())
}
Note:
By adding this function in String extension, you can delete the specific character of string at last.
for index in InputName.characters.indices.reversed() {
if String(InputName[index]) == "" || InputName.substringToIndex(index) == "!" {
InputName.removeAtIndex(index)
}
}
Also you can add such very helpful extension :
import Foundation
extension String{
func exclude(find:String) -> String {
return stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString(find, withString: "", options: .CaseInsensitiveSearch, range: nil)
}
func replaceAll(find:String, with:String) -> String {
return stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString(find, withString: with, options: .CaseInsensitiveSearch, range: nil)
}
}
you can use this:
for example if you want to remove "%" the percent from 10%
if let i = text.firstIndex(of: "%") {
text.remove(at: i) //10
}