How are socket timeouts enforced in linux - sockets

Question

I'm trying to better understand how socket timeouts and keep-alive work in linux. This is the current snippet of code I'm using.
import socket
def set_keepalive_linux(sock, after_idle_sec=1, interval_sec=3, max_fails=5):
sock.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_KEEPALIVE, 1)
sock.setsockopt(socket.IPPROTO_TCP, socket.TCP_KEEPIDLE, after_idle_sec)
sock.setsockopt(socket.IPPROTO_TCP, socket.TCP_KEEPINTVL, interval_sec)
sock.setsockopt(socket.IPPROTO_TCP, socket.TCP_KEEPCNT, max_fails)
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
set_keepalive_linux(s)
s.connect(("www.python.org" , 80))
s.recv(1024)
Now, running netstat I see the timer set for this connection which makes sense.
tcp 0 0 myhost:randomport 199.232.44.223:http ESTABLISHED 81658/python3 keepalive (0.88/0/0)
Now, if I replace this code with
import socket
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
s.settimeout(10)
s.connect(("www.python.org" , 80))
s.recv(1024)
I'm unable to see any timer set (I understand that the timer in netstat -o is specifically for keepalive/retransmission so off is the expected result on rerunning netstat but is it maintained elsewhere?). So my question would be, are socket timeouts expected to be implemented by the application and the kernel has nothing to do with it?
[[Edit 1]]
Seems like this is as expected for python. I've hacked together a C program from various parts of stackoverflow that does roughly the same. Would like to see if there's some way I can access the timeout information somewhere for this
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
int main(void)
{
int socket_desc;
struct sockaddr_in server_addr;
char server_message[2000], client_message[2000];
// Clean buffers:
memset(server_message,'\0',sizeof(server_message));
memset(client_message,'\0',sizeof(client_message));
// Create socket:
socket_desc = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
if(socket_desc < 0){
printf("Unable to create socket\n");
return -1;
}
printf("Socket created successfully\n");
// Set port and IP the same as server-side:
server_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
server_addr.sin_port = htons(80);
server_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("199.232.44.223");
struct timeval timeout;
timeout.tv_sec = 10;
timeout.tv_usec = 0;
if (setsockopt (socket_desc, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVTIMEO, &timeout,
sizeof timeout) < 0)
error("setsockopt failed\n");
if (setsockopt (socket_desc, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDTIMEO, &timeout,
sizeof timeout) < 0)
error("setsockopt failed\n");
// Send connection request to server:
if(connect(socket_desc, (struct sockaddr*)&server_addr, sizeof(server_addr)) < 0){
printf("Unable to connect\n");
return -1;
}
printf("Connected with server successfully\n");
// Receive the server's response:
if(recv(socket_desc, server_message, sizeof(server_message), 0) < 0){
printf("Error while receiving server's msg\n");
return -1;
}
printf("Server's response: %s\n",server_message);
// Close the socket:
close(socket_desc);
return 0;
}