//RAYCAST
RaycastHit hit = new RaycastHit();
if(Physics.Raycast(impact.position, bloom, out hit, 1000f, canBeShot))
{
GameObject newBulletHole = Instantiate(bulletHolePrefab, hit.point + hit.normal * 0.001f, Quaternion.identity) as GameObject;
newBulletHole.transform.LookAt(hit.point + hit.normal);
Destroy(newBulletHole, 5f);
}
//Bullet
bulletSpawnPoint = GameObject.Find("BulletSpawn").transform;
var bullet = Instantiate(bulletPrefab, bulletSpawnPoint.position, **bulletSpawnPoint.rotation**);
bullet.GetComponent<Rigidbody>().velocity = bulletSpawnPoint.forward * loadout[currentIndex].bulletSpeed;
I need to get the perfect "bulletSpawnPoint.rotation" depending of my bullet hole created by the raycast hit. Thanks
enter image description here
So you want to spawn the bullet and then use Rigitbody to move it to the newBulletHole gameobject.
Easy way would be to store position of the bullet hole and then pass it into LookAt method of the bullet Transform before adding velocity.
A bit more advanced way (and this is what you are asking in your question, afaik): calculate the direction vector (bulletSpawnPoint.transform.position - newBulletHole.transform.position) and then get Quaternion (i.e. rotation) with LookRotation
Related
My game is 2D from a top down-ish perspective, my character movement vector2 being fed into the animator blend to determine which direction my sprite faces: (example sprite)
Vector2 movement = new Vector2(Input.GetAxis("Horizontal"),
Input.GetAxisRaw("Vertical"));
anim.SetFloat("hor", movement.x);
anim.SetFloat("ver", movement.y);
However, I would like my sprite to rotate to it's new target vector2 rather than instantly switch to it. So if I was facing right, and I pushed left, the movement vector2 would travel over time to a new movementTarget vector2, the sprite changing from facing right, to up, to left.
I cannot figure or find a way to do this and have been on it many hours. I've tried things like Vector3.RotateTowards and angles, but each approach I can't get what I'm looking for as this aspect of math just confuses me.
Could someone point me in the right direction?
Vector2 targetMovement = new Vector2(Input.GetAxis("Horizontal"),
Input.GetAxisRaw("Vertical"));
if (targetMovement != movement) coroutine?????
I don't want to rotate the sprite image, or the object transform, just the movement Vector2 variable over time. So if I am facing right (1,0) and press left, I want the Vector to travel through (0,1 - up) then finally to (-1,0 - left) but gradually.
Managed to do it like this. Unsure if best way?
float currAngle, targAngle;
Vector2 movement = new Vector2(Input.GetAxis("Horizontal"),
Input.GetAxisRaw("Vertical"));
if (movement != Vector2.zero)
targAngle = Mathf.Atan2(movement.y, movement.x) * Mathf.Rad2Deg;
if (Mathf.Abs(currAngle - targAngle) > 1f) {
currAngle = Mathf.LerpAngle(currAngle, targAngle, 10f * Time.deltaTime);
Vector2 newVec = new Vector2(Mathf.Cos(currAngle * Mathf.Deg2Rad),
Mathf.Sin(currAngle * Mathf.Deg2Rad));
anim.SetFloat("hor", newVec.x);
anim.SetFloat("ver", newVec.y);
}
Im trying to create simple movement AI for GameObjects.
Each GameObject has NavMeshAgent
Vector3 destination = new Vector3(Random.Range(-walkArea, walkArea), 0, Random.Range(-walkArea, walkArea));
navAgent.SetDestination(destination);
That's what im trying to do. But my baked ground not flat, there could be Y axis up to 30-40.
So if there mountains around GameObject he just gets stuck and can't climb over.
What can i do about it? If i just navAgent.Move(destination), everything works fine. GameObject teleports on X-Z position without worrying about Y axis.
How i can do same thing but with SetDestination?
I found solution.
In main GameObject i created empty gameobject with NavMeshAgent.
Vector3 destination = new Vector3(Random.Range(-walkArea, walkArea), 0, Random.Range(-walkArea, walkArea));
navDestinationObject.Move(destination);
navAgent.destination = navDestinationObject.transform.position;
navDestinationObject gets right Y axis on .Move, then we just move main GameObject to navDestinationObject position.
But i think there must be better solution...
Get the ground y by casting a Ray where groundLayerMask is the LayerMask of your ground to prevent misbehave.
public void WalkTo(Vector3 position)
{
Physics.Raycast(position + Vector3.up * 64, Vector3.down, out RaycastHit hit, 128, groundLayerMask);
position.y = hit.y;
navAgent.SetDestination(position);
}
So we cast a Ray from 64 units above the position to find the ground y and then set it manually. (The RaycastHit is struct so if there is no hit, y will be 0.)
Visual aids
Thickness vs width: here
Please view the short gif.
Thickness here is different from width as there are multiple walls as there are outer and inner cylinders. Thickness is the measurement of the distance between the outer/inner wall of any side of the cylinder where as thickness is the distance from one end to the other encompassing the hollow space between.
Quick synopsis on the gifs provided
-On every click the origin point (blue) and destination point (orange) orbs are created to denote where the user clicks and the interpreted end point used to calculate the distance (displayed on the GUI).
The origin defines where the user clicks on the surface of an objects collider and the destination defines the point, perpendicular with the world Y axis of the origin, where a second ray cast towards the first ray, hits the other side of the collider.
Current:
Ray ray = Camera.main.ScreenPointToRay(Input.mousePosition);
RaycastHit hit;
if (Physics.Raycast(ray, out hit))
{
//obtain the vector where the ray hit the collider.
hitPoint = hit.point; //origin point
//offset the ray, keeping it along the XZ plane of the hit
Vector3 offsetDirection = -1 * hit.normal;
//offset a long way, minimum thickness of the object
ray.origin = hit.point + offsetDirection * 100;
//point the ray back at the first hit point
ray.direction = (hit.point - ray.origin).normalized;
//raycast all, because there might be other objects in the way
RaycastHit[] hits = Physics.RaycastAll(ray);
foreach (RaycastHit h in hits)
{
if (h.collider == hit.collider)
{
hitBack = h.point; //destination point
}
}
}
Currently, width is the functionality in place. I want to calculate thickness without having to go inside of an object (as seen in the gif).
Amazing reference
http://answers.unity3d.com/questions/386698/detecting-how-many-times-a-raycast-collides-with-a.html
This guy basically had the same question as me and has a solution that could possibly work. I'm not sure how Linecasting works vs Raycasting.
Keep:
Ray ray = Camera.main.ScreenPointToRay(Input.mousePosition);
RaycastHit hit;
if (Physics.Raycast(ray, out hit))
{
//obtain the vector where the ray hit the collider.
hitPoint = hit.point; //origin point
//offset the ray, keeping it along the XZ plane of the hit
Vector3 offsetDirection = -1 * hit.normal;
//offset a long way, minimum thickness of the object
ray.origin = hit.point + offsetDirection * 100;
//point the ray back at the first hit point
ray.direction = (hit.point - ray.origin).normalized;
Replace:
//raycast all, because there might be other objects in the way
RaycastHit[] hits = Physics.RaycastAll(ray);
foreach (RaycastHit h in hits)
{
if (h.collider == hit.collider)
{
hitBack = h.point; //destination point
}
}
With (credits to MirrorMirror's insightful post, and #ryemoss for his instrumental advice and assistance):
int counter = 0;
bool calculating = false; //set this to true on click
Vector3 Point, PreviousPoint, Goal, Direction;
Point = ray.origin;
Goal = hit.point;
Direction = ray.direction;
PreviousPoint = Vector3.zero;
while (calculating == true)
{
counter++;
RaycastHit hit2;
if (Physics.Linecast(Point, Goal, out hit2))
{
if(counter > 100)
{
hitBack = hitPoint;
counter = 0;
calculating = false;
break;
}
PreviousPoint = hit2.point;
Point = hit2.point + (Direction / 10000f);
}
else
{
if (PreviousPoint == Vector3.zero)
hitBack = hitPoint;
else
hitBack = PreviousPoint;
calculating = false;
counter = 0;
}
}
Linecast vs Raycast
With a raycast you set the start point, the direction, and the distance to check in that direction, with a linecast you simply set start and end points and it checks between those 2 points.
So, if you know the end destination specifically, use linecast, if you want to check in a specific direction but have no specific end point, use raycast.
Solution
First, use the initial raycast to obtain the first point, hit.point. Then, set the ray.origin to a point in world space outside the collider (the collider of the object we first collided with to obtain hit.point), and set the ray.direction to face the ray back at the first point, hit.point.
Finally, use a while loop to create a new linecast, at ray.origins new position (updated each time through the while loop until a linecast reaches hit.point), each time a collision with the object occurs until a linecast reaches hit.point. Once hit.point has been reached, it means every surface of the object was hit and on each hit, a new line was created until a line reached the first initial point, hit.point. To calculate thickness, take the distance between the first hit, hit.point, and the hit previous to the reverse linecast hitting hit.point, PreviousPoint.
UPDATE
1-Revise the code to properly handle 1-sided objects (ex: Planes).
2-Added counter to prevent special cases in which calculation not possible.
3-Improve readability.
I have a script attached to a mesh with a kinematic, rigid body with a convex mesh collider that I'd like to move around. Here's what I call in my update function:
if (Input.GetKey(forwards)) {
Debug.Log("forwards!!");
//get current velocity in local space
Vector3 localVel = transform.InverseTransformDirection(body.velocity);
//alter so that forward component = speed
localVel = new Vector3(localVel.x, localVel.y, linearSpeed);
//convert back into world space and set to body
Vector3 worldVel = transform.TransformDirection(localVel);
body.velocity = worldVel;
}
Other Info:
body is a Rigidbody variable that I assign in Start() using GetComponent<Rigidbody>();
linearSpeed is a float with value 1
I'm getting the Debug.Log output, but my mesh is not moving. Is there anything obvious I'm missing here? This is my first script for a 3D, as opposed to a 2D game.
public float speed = 20;
Rigidbody r;
void Start(){
r = gameObject.GetComponent<Rigidbody> (); //Put's reference to local rigidbody into variable "r"
}
void FixedUpdate () {
Vector3 direction = Vector3.zero; //set's current direction to none
//Adds vectors in case that user is pressing the button
if(Input.GetKey(KeyCode.W)) direction += Vector3.forward;
if(Input.GetKey(KeyCode.S)) direction -= Vector3.forward;
if(Input.GetKey(KeyCode.D)) direction += Vector3.right;
if(Input.GetKey(KeyCode.A)) direction -= Vector3.right;
//Normalizez direction (put's it's magnitude to 1) so object moves at same speeds in all directions
r.AddForce (direction.normalized * speed); //Adds direction with magnitude of "speed" to rigidbody
}
Rigidbody MUST be attached to same GO as this script. This script uses world directions, because working with local directions is much harder (the object is rotating and changes directions rapidly, you can use it if you want just by replacing reference to Vector3 to transform like this:
if(Input.GetKey(KeyCode.W)) direction += transform.forward;
Of course for all direction.
This is very basic way to move the object along it's local axises, to do it more better you need to write specific scripts for specific sets of objects, it all depends what kind of object are you moving and how you want to move it. (is it sphere, cube..., will it ever fly up, should it rotate....).
If the RigidBody is Kinematic it is meant to be moved by means other than the physics system; animations, transform.position, etc. Make your rigid body non-kinematic and it should move when you set velocity.
I have a scene with a body maked with makehuman, and I need to add a simple prefab (a torus) around the arm of the body when the user touch the arm.
I tried:
Instantiate the prefab in the point where the user touch, but the prefab apear in the border of the arm.
Instantiate the prefab in the center of the arm, with this code:
float radio = hit.transform.collider.radius; // the arm has a capsuleCollider
Ray r = Camera.main.ScreenPointToRay(Input.GetTouch(0));
Vector3 origin = r.origin;
float distance = (origin - hit.point).magnitude;
RaycastHit ou;
Vector3 position = hit.point;
Ray r2 = new Ray(r.GetPoint(distance + 10f), -r.direction);
if (cc.Raycast(r2, out ou, distance + 10f))
position = (hit.point + ou.point) / 2;
Instantiate(Prefab, position, Quaternion.identity);
This try to Select the center of the arm and initialite a torus.
The second option works in some cases, but the general impression is that is the wrong way to do it.
How can I add a prefab around a collider? or, how can I modify the mesh to add a visual indicator?
This should work a lot better as well as look a lot cleaner:
Vector3 center = hit.transform.collider.bounds.center;
Instantiate(Prefab, center, Quaternion.identity);
hit.transform.collider is a vital part of this process and you got that part. collider.bounds is the bounding box that surrounds the collider (http://docs.unity3d.com/ScriptReference/Collider-bounds.html), and bounds.center is the center of the bounding box (http://docs.unity3d.com/ScriptReference/Bounds-center.html). The Vector3 that bounds.center returns is where you want to spawn your prefab.
From there, you should be able to rotate the prefab to the desired angle and perform any number of operations you want.