MongoDB aggregation: choose single document based on dates in subdocument - mongodb

My collection, userresults, has documents which are unique by userref and sessionref together. A session has a selection of game results in a results array. I have already filtered the results to return those userresults documents which contain a result for game “Clubs”.
[{
"userref": "AAA",
"sessionref" : "S1",
"results": [{
"gameref": "Spades",
"dateplayed": ISODate(2022-01-01T10:00:00),
"score": 1000
}, {
"gameref": "Hearts",
"dateplayed": ISODate(2022-01-02T10:00:00),
"score": 500
}, {
"gameref": "Clubs",
"dateplayed": ISODate(2022-01-05T10:00:00),
"score": 200
}]
}, {
"userref": "AAA",
"sessionref" : "S2",
"results": [{
"gameref": "Spades",
"dateplayed": ISODate(2022-02-02T10:00:00),
"score": 1000
}, {
"gameref": "Clubs",
"dateplayed": ISODate(2022-05-02T10:00:00),
"score": 200
}]
}, {
"userref": "BBB",
"sessionref" : "S1",
"results": [{
"gameref": "Clubs",
"dateplayed": ISODate(2022-01-05T10:00:00),
"score": 200
}]
}]
What I need to do within my aggregation is select the userresult document FOR EACH USER that contains the most recently played game of Clubs, ie in this case it will return the AAA/S2 document and the BBB/S1 document.
I’m guessing I need a group on the userref as a starting point, but then how do I select the rest of the document based on the most recent Clubs date?
Thanks!

If I've understood correctly you can try this aggregation pipeline:
First I've used $filter to avoid $unwind into the entire collection. With this you can get only objects into the results array where the gameref is Clubs.
Next stage is now the $unwind but in this case only with remaining documents, not the entire collection. Note that this stage will not pass to the next stage documents where there is no any "gameref": "Clubs".
Now $sort the remaining results by dateplayed to get the recent date at first position.
And last $group using $first to get the data you want. As documents are sorted by dateplayed, you can get desired result.
db.collection.aggregate([
{
"$set": {
"results": {
"$filter": {
"input": "$results",
"cond": {
"$eq": [
"$$this.gameref",
"Clubs"
]
}
}
}
}
},
{
"$unwind": "$results"
},
{
"$sort": {
"results.dateplayed": -1
}
},
{
"$group": {
"_id": "$userref",
"results": {
"$first": "$results"
},
"sessionref": {
"$first": "$sessionref"
}
}
}
])
Example here

Related

Why doesn't mongoose aggregate method return all fields of a document?

I have the following document
[
{
"_id": "624713340a3d2901f2f5a9c0",
"username": "fotis",
"exercises": [
{
"_id": "624713530a3d2901f2f5a9c3",
"description": "Sitting",
"duration": 60,
"date": "2022-03-24T00:00:00.000Z"
},
{
"_id": "6247136a0a3d2901f2f5a9c6",
"description": "Coding",
"duration": 999,
"date": "2022-03-31T00:00:00.000Z"
},
{
"_id": "624713a00a3d2901f2f5a9ca",
"description": "Sitting",
"duration": 999,
"date": "2022-03-30T00:00:00.000Z"
}
],
"__v": 3
}
]
And I am executing the following aggregation (on mongoplayground.net)
db.collection.aggregate([
{
$match: {
"_id": "624713340a3d2901f2f5a9c0"
}
},
{
$project: {
exercises: {
$filter: {
input: "$exercises",
as: "exercise",
cond: {
$eq: [
"$$exercise.description",
"Sitting"
]
}
}
},
limit: 1
}
}
])
And the result is the following
[
{
"_id": "624713340a3d2901f2f5a9c0",
"exercises": [
{
"_id": "624713530a3d2901f2f5a9c3",
"date": "2022-03-24T00:00:00.000Z",
"description": "Sitting",
"duration": 60
},
{
"_id": "624713a00a3d2901f2f5a9ca",
"date": "2022-03-30T00:00:00.000Z",
"description": "Sitting",
"duration": 999
}
]
}
]
So my first question is why is the username field not included in the result?
And the second one is why aren't the exercises limited to 1? Is the limit currently applied to the whole user document? If so, is it possible to apply it only on exercises subdocument?
Thank you!
First Question
When you use $project stage, then only the properties that you specified in the stage will be returned. You only specified exercises property, so only that one is returned. NOTE that _id property is returned by default, even you didn't specify it.
Second Question
$limit is also a stage as $project. You can apply $limit to the whole resulting documents array, not to nested array property of one document.
Solution
In $project stage, you can specify username filed as well, so it will also be returned. Instead of $limit, you can use $slice to specify the number of documents that you want to be returned from an array property.
db.collection.aggregate([
{
"$match": {
"_id": "624713340a3d2901f2f5a9c0"
}
},
{
"$project": {
"username": 1,
"exercises": {
"$slice": [
{
"$filter": {
"input": "$exercises",
"as": "exercise",
"cond": {
"$eq": [
"$$exercise.description",
"Sitting"
]
}
}
},
1
]
}
}
}
])
Working example

How can I combine two collection in mongoDB and also fulfill the following conditions?

Note: Each collection contains 96.5k documents and each collection have these fields --
{
"name": "variable1",
"startTime": "variable2",
"endTime": "variable3",
"classes": "variable4",
"section": "variable"
}
I have 2 collections. I have to compare these 2 collection and have to find out whether some specific fields( here I want name, startTime, endTime) of the documents are same in both the collection.
My approach was to join these 2 collection and then use $lookup .. I also tried the following query but it didn't work.
Please help me.
col1.aggregate([
{
"$unionWith": {"col1": "col2"}
},
{
"$group":
{
"_id":
{
"Name": "$Name",
"startTime": "$startTime",
"endTime": "$endTime"
},
"count": {"$sum": 1},
"doc": {"$first": "$$ROOT"}
}
},
{
"$match": {"$expr": {"$gt": ["$count", 1]}}
},
{
"$replaceRoot": {"newRoot": "$doc"}
},
{
"$out": "newCollectionWithDuplicates"
}
])
You're approach is fine you just have a minor syntax error in your $unionWith, it's suppose to be like so:
{
"$unionWith": {
coll: "col2",
pipeline: []
}
}
Mongo Playground

Pretty $lookup on collection - mongoDB

I have two collection:
Competition
{
"_id": "326",
signed_up": [
{"_id": "00001","category": ["First"], "status": true}]
}
and Playing
{
"_id": "6076e504db319b11c077d473",
"competition_id": "326",
"player": {"player_id": "00001","handicap": 6},
"totalScore": 6
}
I want to add playing --> totalScore on competition.signed_up array, based on player_id field:
{
"_id": "326",
signed_up": [
{"_id": "00001","category": ["First"], "status": true, "totalScore": 6]
}
I do not know how to do...
I'm not telling you this is the optimal way, but it seems to work...
Let's start out with the data. I've added one player to the competition, just to make it a little easier to see that things works as expected:
db.competition.insertOne({
"_id": "326",
"signed_up": [{
"_id": "00001",
"category": ["First"],
"status": true
}, {
"_id": "00002",
"category": ["First"],
"status": true
}]
})
db.playing.insertMany([
{
"competition_id": "326",
"player": {
"playing_id": "00001"
},
"totalScore": 6
},
{
"competition_id": "326",
"player": {
"playing_id": "00002"
},
"totalScore": 2
}
]);
Now for the aggregation...
db.competition.aggregate([
// Even though the [documentation](https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/reference/operator/aggregation/lookup/#use--lookup-with-an-array) states that unwinding is no longer necessary,
// I'm not sure if that includes arrays of subdocuments or only arrays of primitives. So I've chosen to unwind anyway...
{
$unwind: "$signed_up"
},
// => { "_id": "326", "signed_up": { "_id": "00001", ....} }
// now we have each player in it's own document and can easily lookup the score from playing collection
{
$lookup: {
from: 'playing',
localField: 'signed_up._id',
foreignField: 'player.playing_id',
as: 'player'
}
},
// => { "_id": "326", "signed_up": {...}, "player": [{ competition_id": "326"...}, ..]}
// now we have the matching competition documents as an array on each document.
// But we know there will only be one match and don't really care for the array,
// so we have to do some gymnastics to get the data we want where we want it
{
$project: {
"signed_up": {
$let: {
vars: {
player: { $arrayElemAt: [ "$player", 0 ] }
},
in: {
$mergeObjects: [
"$signed_up",
{ "totalScore": "$$player.totalScore" }
]
}
}
}
}
},
// => { "_id": "326", "signed_up": { "_id": "00001", .... , "totalScore": 6 } }
// Now we're pretty much done, except that we need to group the documents back
// into the original competition documents
{
$group: {
_id: "$_id",
signed_up: {
$push: "$signed_up"
}
}
}
// => { "_id": "326", "signed_up": [ { "_id": "00001", ....}, {"_id": "00002", ...} ] }
// And that completes the pipeline.
]);
I see that you have the id from the competition document also on the playing document, so I suspect that you need an additional check on the lookup to make sure you get the correct match. The way the code I have works, is that if you have more than one competition, you will get all the competitions for a player added to the playing array after the lookup.
If you take a look at the example Specify Multiple Join Conditions with $lookup in the documentation, you see how you can change the $lookup stage to do a more precise match on the target documents by using a pipeline on the target collection. It also shows how you can include a projection in that pipeline to only return the data that you really want.
Edit
Take a look at the following alternative lookup step:
{
$lookup: {
from: 'playing',
let: { playerid: "$signed_up._id", compid: "$_id" },
pipeline: [
{ $match: {
$expr: {
$and: [
{ $eq: ["$player.playing_id","$$playerid" ] },
{ $eq: ["$competition_id", "$$compid" ] }
]
}
}
},
{ $project: {
_id: 0,
"totalScore": 1
}
}
],
as: 'player'
}
}
This stores the players id and competition id from the current document into two variables. Then it uses those two variables in a pipeline run against the other collection. In addition to the $match to select the right player/competition document, it also includes a $project to get rid of the other fields on the playing documents. It will still return an array of one object, but it might save some bytes of memory usage...

mongodb aggregation pipeline - convert array entries to subdocument

I'm working on a mongodb aggregation pipeline. I currently have the following document:
{
"data": [
{ "type": "abc", "price": 25000, "inventory": 15 },
{ "type": "def", "price": 8000, "inventory": 150 }
]
}
And I would like to turn it in:
{
"abc": { "price": 25000, "inventory": 15 },
"def": { "price": 8000, "inventory": 150 }
}
I could do it field by field with a $project stage, but obviously my real example has way more fields then this simple example... And I also have no certainty about which values could be in type.
Since data is an array, you could use an aggregation pipeline similar to:
$unwind to split those into separate documents each containing a single item
$project to change it from {type:x, price:y, inventory:z} to [x,[{price:y, inventory:z}]]
$group to collect the items back to a single array of arrays
$arrayToObject to convert the array of arrays to [{x:{price:y,inventory:z}},...]
If you need more detail, I can see about working up a sample when I have a bit more time.
Thanks to #Joe I managed to create a solution:
db.collection.aggregate([
{
$unwind: "$data"
},
{
$project: {
data: [
"$data.type",
{
price: "$data.price",
inventory: "$data.inventory"
}
],
}
},
{
$group: {
_id: "$_id",
doc: {
$push: "$$ROOT"
}
}
},
{
$replaceRoot: {
newRoot: {
$arrayToObject: "$doc.data"
}
}
}
])
Result:
[
{
"abc": {
"inventory": 15,
"price": 25000
},
"def": {
"inventory": 150,
"price": 8000
}
}
]
Mongo Playground

MongoDB: How to Get the Lowest Value Closer to a given Number and Decrement by 1 Another Field

Given the following document containing 3 nested documents...
{ "_id": ObjectId("56116d8e4a0000c9006b57ac"), "name": "Stock 1", "items" [
{ "price": 1.50, "description": "Item 1", "count": 10 }
{ "price": 1.70, "description": "Item 2", "count": 13 }
{ "price": 1.10, "description": "Item 3", "count": 20 }
]
}
... I need to select the sub-document with the lowest price closer to a given amount (here below I assume 1.05):
db.stocks.aggregate([
{$unwind: "$items"},
{$sort: {"items.price":1}},
{$match: {"items.price": {$gte: 1.05}}},
{$group: {
_id:0,
item: {$first:"$items"}
}},
{$project: {
_id: "$item._id",
price: "$item.price",
description: "$item.description"
}}
]);
This works as expected and here is the result:
"result" : [
{
"price" : 1.10,
"description" : "Item 3",
"count" : 20
}
],
"ok" : 1
Alongside returning the item with the lowest price closer to a given amount, I need to decrement count by 1. For instance, here below is the result I'm looking for:
"result" : [
{
"price" : 1.10,
"description" : "Item 3",
"count" : 19
}
],
"ok" : 1
It depends on whether you actually want to "update" the result or simply "return" the result with a decremented value. In the former case you will of course need to go back to the document and "decrement" the value for the returned result.
Also want to note that what you "think" is efficient here is actually not. Doing the "filter" of elements "post sort" or even "post unwind" really makes no difference at all to how the $first accumulator works in terms of performance.
The better approach is to basically "pre filter" the values from the array where possible. This reduces the document size in the aggregation pipeline, and the number of array elements to be processed by $unwind:
db.stocks.aggregate([
{ "$match": {
"items.price": { "$gte": 1.05 }
}},
{ "$project": {
"items": {
"$setDifference": [
{ "$map": {
"input": "$items",
"as": "item",
"in": {
"$cond": [
{ "$gte": [ "$$item.price", 1.05 ] }
],
"$$item",
false
}
}},
[false]
]
}
}},
{ "$unwind": "$items"},
{ "$sort": { "items.price":1 } },
{ "$group": {
"_id": 0,
"item": { "$first": "$items" }
}},
{ "$project": {
"_id": "$item._id",
"price": "$item.price",
"description": "$item.description"
}}
]);
Of course that does require a MongoDB version 2.6 or greater server to have the available operators, and going by your output you may have an earlier version. If that is the case then at least loose the $match as it does not do anything of value and would be detremental to performance.
Where a $match is useful, is in the document selection before you do anything, as what you always want to avoid is processing documents that do not even possibly meet the conditions you want from within the array or anywhere else. So you should always $match or use a similar query stage first.
At any rate, if all you wanted was a "projected result" then just use $subtract in the output:
{ "$project": {
"_id": "$item._id",
"price": "$item.price",
"description": "$item.description",
"count": { "$subtract": [ "$item.count", 1 ] }
}}
If you wanted however to "update" the result, then you would be iterating the array ( it's still an array even with one result ) to update the matched item and "decrement" the count via $inc:
var result = db.stocks.aggregate([
{ "$match": {
"items.price": { "$gte": 1.05 }
}},
{ "$project": {
"items": {
"$setDifference": [
{ "$map": {
"input": "$items",
"as": "item",
"in": {
"$cond": [
{ "$gte": [ "$$item.price", 1.05 ] }
],
"$$item",
false
}
}},
[false]
]
}
}},
{ "$unwind": "$items"},
{ "$sort": { "items.price":1 } },
{ "$group": {
"_id": 0,
"item": { "$first": "$items" }
}},
{ "$project": {
"_id": "$item._id",
"price": "$item.price",
"description": "$item.description"
}}
]);
result.forEach(function(item) {
db.stocks.update({ "item._id": item._id},{ "$inc": { "item.$.count": -1 }})
})
And on a MongoDB 2.4 shell, your same aggregate query applies ( but please make the changes ) however the result contains another field called result inside it with the array, so add the level:
result.result.forEach(function(item) {
db.stocks.update({ "item._id": item._id},{ "$inc": { "item.$.count": -1 }})
})
So either just $project for display only, or use the returned result to effect an .update() on the data as required.