AttributeError: 'module' object has no attribute 'check_output' - subprocess

import subprocess
def check_output(cmd):
""" https://docs.python.org/2/library/subprocess.html#subprocess.Popen
Implementation subprocess.check_output() for Python 2.6
"""
process_list = []
cmd_list = cmd.strip().split("|")
for i, sub_cmd in enumerate(cmd_list):
STDIN = None
if i > 0:
STDIN = process_list[i - 1].stdout
process_list.append(subprocess.check_output(sub_cmd, stdin=STDIN, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, shell=True))
if len(process_list) == 0:
return ''
output = process_list[i].communicate()[0]
return output
print(check_output('ls -la /var | grep log'))
I am facing issue of AttributeError: 'module' object has no attribute 'check_output' in Thonny python Every time run my program, I tried call() also but it is showing same error

Related

How to do Semantic segmentation with detectron2

I'm using Detectron2 to do instance segmentation as in the tutorial. Below is the code:
from detectron2.config import CfgNode
import detectron2.data.transforms as T
from detectron2.data import build_detection_train_loader, DatasetMapper
os.makedirs(cfg.OUTPUT_DIR, exist_ok=True)
transform_list = [
# T.Resize(shape=(200,300)),
T.RandomRotation(angle=90.0),
# T.RandomContrast(intensity_min=0.75, intensity_max=1.25),
# T.RandomBrightness(intensity_min=0.75, intensity_max=1.25),
# T.RandomSaturation(intensity_min=0.75, intensity_max=1.25),
# T.RandomLighting(scale=0.1),
T.RandomFlip(),
# T.RandomCrop(crop_type="absolute", crop_size=(180, 270))
]
# custom_mapper = get_custom_mapper(transfrom_list)
custom_mapper = DatasetMapper(
cfg,
is_train=True,
augmentations=transform_list,
use_instance_mask=True,
instance_mask_format="bitmask",
)
class CustomTrainer(DefaultTrainer):
#classmethod
def build_test_loader(cls, cfg: CfgNode, dataset_name):
return build_detection_test_loader(cfg, dataset_name, mapper=custom_mapper)
#classmethod
def build_train_loader(cls, cfg: CfgNode):
return build_detection_train_loader(cfg, mapper=custom_mapper)
cfg.INPUT.MASK_FORMAT = 'bitmask'
cfg.DATALOADER.FILTER_EMPTY_ANNOTATIONS = False
trainer = CustomTrainer(cfg)
# trainer = DefaultTrainer(cfg)
# trainer.resume_or_load(resume=False)
# trainer.train()
However, in this case I don't care about instances and more like I want to do semantic segmentation but there is no tutorial or examples to do that nor I'm seeing a semantic model I can start with. Misc/semantic_R_50_FPN_1x.yaml throws an error saying there is no pretrained model available.
So instead I'm trying to use the SemSegEvaluator instead of COCO evaluator to give me metrics around semantic rather than instances. Below is the code:
from detectron2.evaluation import COCOEvaluator, inference_on_dataset, SemSegEvaluator
from detectron2.data import build_detection_test_loader
cfg.MODEL.ROI_HEADS.SCORE_THRESH_TEST = 0.4
# evaluator = COCOEvaluator(val_dataset_name, output_dir=os.path.join(cfg.OUTPUT_DIR, 'val'), use_fast_impl=False, tasks=['segm'])
evaluator = SemSegEvaluator(val_dataset_name, output_dir=os.path.join(cfg.OUTPUT_DIR, 'val'))
val_loader = build_detection_test_loader(cfg, val_dataset_name)
eval_result = inference_on_dataset(predictor.model, val_loader, evaluator)
print(eval_result)
However, this is failing with the following error:
[12/20 16:29:02 d2.data.datasets.coco]: Loaded 50 imagesss abdul in COCO format from /content/gdrive/MyDrive/SolarDetection/datasets/train8//val/labels.json
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
KeyError Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-10-61bd5aaec8ea> in <module>
3 cfg.MODEL.ROI_HEADS.SCORE_THRESH_TEST = 0.4
4 # evaluator = COCOEvaluator(val_dataset_name, output_dir=os.path.join(cfg.OUTPUT_DIR, 'val'), use_fast_impl=False, tasks=['segm'])
----> 5 evaluator = SemSegEvaluator(val_dataset_name, output_dir=os.path.join(cfg.OUTPUT_DIR, 'val'))
6 val_loader = build_detection_test_loader(cfg, val_dataset_name)
7 # ipdb.set_trace(context=6)
1 frames
/content/gdrive/MyDrive/repos/detectron2/detectron2/evaluation/sem_seg_evaluation.py in <dictcomp>(.0)
69
70 self.input_file_to_gt_file = {
---> 71 dataset_record["file_name"]: dataset_record["sem_seg_file_name"]
72 for dataset_record in DatasetCatalog.get(dataset_name)
73 }
KeyError: 'sem_seg_file_name'
Any idea or hint how I can setup and use the SemSegEvaluator?

Python multiprocessing, can't pickle thread.lock (pymongo.Cursor)

First, let me assure you I read all the relevant answers and they don't work for me.
I am using multiprocessing Pool to parallelize my data creation. I am using Mongodb 5.0 and pymongo client.
As you can see I am initializing the mongo client in the worker as suggested by the available answers but still I get a :
TypeError: cannot pickle '_thread.lock' object
Exception ignored in: <function CommandCursor.__del__ at 0x7f96f6fff160>
Is there a way I can use multiprocessing with pymongo.Cursor ??
Any help will be appreciated
This is the function that calls the Pool
def get_all_valid_events(
event_criteria:str,
all_listings:List[str],
earnings:List[Dict[str,Any]],
days_around_earnings=0,
debug=False,
poolsize=10,
chunk_size=100,
lookback=30,
lookahead = 0
):
start = time.perf_counter()
listings = Manager().list(all_listings.copy())
valid_events = []
if debug:
for i in range(ceil(len(listings)/chunk_size)):
valid_events += get_valid_event_dates_by_listing(event_criteria,listings[i*chunk_size:(i+1)*chunk_size] , earnings, days_around_earnings,debug)
else:
payload = list()
for i in range(ceil(len(listings)/chunk_size)):
payload.append(
[
event_criteria,
listings[i*chunk_size:(i+1)*chunk_size],
earnings,
days_around_earnings,
debug,
lookback,
lookahead
]
)
with ThreadPool(poolsize) as pool:
valid_events = pool.starmap(get_valid_event_dates_by_listing, payload)
print(f"getting all valid true events took {time.perf_counter() - start} sec")
return valid_events
And this is the worker function:
def get_valid_event_dates_by_listing(
event_criteria:str,
listings:List[str],
earnings_list,
days_around_earnings=0,
debug=False,
lookback=30,
lookahead=0
) -> List[Tuple[Tuple[str, datetime], int]]:
#TODO: generalize event filter
start = time.perf_counter()
client = MongoClient()
db = client['stock_signals']
cursor_candles_by_listing = db.candles.find(
{'listing': {'$in': listings}},
{'_id':0, 'listing':1, 'date':1,'position':1, 'PD_BBANDS_6_lower':1, 'close':1, 'PD_BBANDS_6_upper':1}
)
candles = list(cursor_candles_by_listing)
df = pd.DataFrame(candles).dropna()
minimum_position_dict = dict(df.groupby('listing').min()['position']) # We need the minimum position by listing to filter only events that have lookback
# Filter only the dates that satisfy the criteria
lte_previous_bb_6_lower = df['close'] <= df[f"{event_criteria}_lower"].shift()
gte_previous_bb_6_upper = df['close'] >= df[f"{event_criteria}_upper"].shift()
potential_true_events_df = df[lte_previous_bb_6_lower | gte_previous_bb_6_upper]
potential_false_events_df = df.drop(potential_true_events_df.index)
potential_true_event_dates = potential_true_events_df[['listing', 'date', 'position']].values
actual_true_event_dates = earning_helpers.filter_event_dates_by_earnings_and_position(potential_true_event_dates, earnings_list, minimum_position_dict ,days_around_earning=days_around_earnings, lookback=lookback)
true_event_dates = [((event_date[0], event_date[1], event_date[2]), 1) for event_date in actual_true_event_dates]
potential_false_event_dates = potential_false_events_df[['listing', 'date', 'position']].values
actual_false_event_dates = _random_false_events_from_listing_df(potential_false_event_dates, len(actual_true_event_dates), earnings_list, minimum_position_dict, days_around_earnings,lookback)
false_events_dates = [((event_date[0], event_date[1], event_date[2]), 0) for event_date in actual_false_event_dates]
all_event_dates = true_event_dates + false_events_dates
shuffle(all_event_dates)
print(f"getting a true sequence for listing took {time.perf_counter() - start} sec")
return all_event_dates
And this is my main
from utils import event_helpers, earning_helpers
from utils.queries import get_candle_listing
if __name__ == "__main__":
all_listings = get_candle_listing.get_listings()
earnigns = earning_helpers.get_all_earnings_dates()
res = event_helpers.get_all_valid_events('PD_BBANDS_6', all_listings, earnigns, 2, chunk_size=100)
Full Stack Trace
File "test_multiprocess.py", line 8, in <module>
res = event_helpers.get_all_valid_events('PD_BBANDS_6', all_listings, earnigns, 2, chunk_size=100)
File "/media/data/projects/ml/signal_platform/utils/event_helpers.py", line 53, in get_all_valid_events
valid_events = pool.starmap(get_valid_event_dates_by_listing, payload)
File "/home/froy001/.asdf/installs/python/3.8.12/lib/python3.8/multiprocessing/pool.py", line 372, in starmap
return self._map_async(func, iterable, starmapstar, chunksize).get()
File "/home/froy001/.asdf/installs/python/3.8.12/lib/python3.8/multiprocessing/pool.py", line 771, in get
raise self._value
File "/home/froy001/.asdf/installs/python/3.8.12/lib/python3.8/multiprocessing/pool.py", line 537, in _handle_tasks
put(task)
File "/home/froy001/.asdf/installs/python/3.8.12/lib/python3.8/multiprocessing/connection.py", line 206, in send
self._send_bytes(_ForkingPickler.dumps(obj))
File "/home/froy001/.asdf/installs/python/3.8.12/lib/python3.8/multiprocessing/reduction.py", line 51, in dumps
cls(buf, protocol).dump(obj)
TypeError: cannot pickle '_thread.lock' object
Exception ignored in: <function CommandCursor.__del__ at 0x7f46e91e21f0>
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/home/froy001/.cache/pypoetry/virtualenvs/signal-platform-31MTNyCe-py3.8/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pymongo/command_cursor.py", line 68, in __del__
File "/home/froy001/.cache/pypoetry/virtualenvs/signal-platform-31MTNyCe-py3.8/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pymongo/command_cursor.py", line 83, in __die
File "/home/froy001/.cache/pypoetry/virtualenvs/signal-platform-31MTNyCe-py3.8/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pymongo/mongo_client.py", line 1696, in _cleanup_cursor
File "/home/froy001/.cache/pypoetry/virtualenvs/signal-platform-31MTNyCe-py3.8/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pymongo/client_session.py", line 466, in _end_session
File "/home/froy001/.cache/pypoetry/virtualenvs/signal-platform-31MTNyCe-py3.8/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pymongo/client_session.py", line 871, in in_transaction
File "/home/froy001/.cache/pypoetry/virtualenvs/signal-platform-31MTNyCe-py3.8/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pymongo/client_session.py", line 362, in active
AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'STARTING'
Update: 01-23
I tried using the multiprocess library using dill but it didn't help

script runs in jupyter notebook but not vscode

When I run this code in Jupyter notebook it runs without any error but when I want to run it in VSCODE I get an error , It works by url and a token ,then I got the Json file and exported it to csv file to open in Excel :
This is the code ;
import json
import requests
import pandas
url = "url"
headers = {"Cookie":"token"}
response = requests.get(url, headers=headers)
data = response.json()
print(data)
a=data['tickers'][0]['items'][0]['days'][0]['items']
from copy import deepcopy
import pandas
def cross_join(left, right):
new_rows = []
for left_row in left:
for right_row in right:
temp_row = deepcopy(left_row)
for key, value in right_row.items():
temp_row[key] = value
new_rows.append(deepcopy(temp_row))
return new_rows
def flatten_list(data):
for elem in data:
if isinstance(elem, list):
yield from flatten_list(elem)
else:
yield elem
def json_to_dataframe(data_in):
def flatten_json(data, prev_heading=''):
if isinstance(data, dict):
rows = [{}]
for key, value in data.items():
rows = cross_join(rows, flatten_json(value, prev_heading + '.' + key))
elif isinstance(data, list):
rows = []
for i in range(len(data)):
[rows.append(elem) for elem in flatten_list(flatten_json(data[i], prev_heading))]
else:
rows = [{prev_heading[1:]: data}]
return rows
return pandas.DataFrame(flatten_json(data_in))
if __name__ == '__main__':
json_data = a
df = json_to_dataframe(json_data)
print(df)
df.to_excel("output.xlsx")
This is the Error ;
ModuleNotFoundError Traceback (most recent call last)
---> 59 df.to_excel("output.xlsx")
-> 2026 formatter.write(
--> 730 writer = ExcelWriter(stringify_path(writer), engine=engine)
---> 18 from openpyxl.workbook import Workbook
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'openpyxl'
What am I missing ?
Run this command from cmd window in VSCODE.
pip install openpyxl

Pycuda test_driver.py raises Attribute Error

I'm trying to install pycuda on Linux Mint with a GeForce 960M and Cuda 8.0 installed. When I run the test_driver.py script it outputs the following error:
============================= test session starts ==============================
platform linux2 -- Python 2.7.12, pytest-3.0.3, py-1.4.31, pluggy-0.4.0
rootdir: /home/milton/Downloads/pycuda-2016.1.2, inifile:
collected 28 items
test_driver.py ...................x.....F..
=================================== FAILURES ===================================
________________________ TestDriver.test_multi_context _________________________
args = (,), kwargs = {}
pycuda = <module 'pycuda' from '/home/milton/miniconda2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pycuda-2016.1.2-py2.7-linux-x86_64.egg/pycuda/init.pyc'>
ctx = <pycuda._driver.Context object at 0x7f540e39d758>
clear_context_caches = <function clear_context_caches at 0x7f540ee26758>
collect =<built-in function collect>
def f(*args, **kwargs):
import pycuda.driver
# appears to be idempotent, i.e. no harm in calling it more than once
pycuda.driver.init()
ctx = make_default_context()
try:
assert isinstance(ctx.get_device().name(), str)
assert isinstance(ctx.get_device().compute_capability(), tuple)
assert isinstance(ctx.get_device().get_attributes(), dict)
inner_f(*args, **kwargs)
../../../miniconda2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pycuda-2016.1.2-py2.7-linux-x86_64.egg/pycuda/tools.py:460:
self = <test_driver.TestDriver instance at 0x7f540c21fc20>
#mark_cuda_test
def test_multi_context(self):
if drv.get_version() < (2,0,0):
return
if drv.get_version() >= (2,2,0):
if drv.Context.get_device().compute_mode == drv.compute_mode.EXCLUSIVE:
E AttributeError: type object 'compute_mode' has no attribute 'EXCLUSIVE'
test_driver.py:638: AttributeError
================ 1 failed, 26 passed, 1 xfailed in 6.92 seconds ================
python driver compute mode only supports following modes:
DEFAULT,
PROHIBITED,
EXCLUSIVE_PROCESS
so please change this:
if drv.Context.get_device().compute_mode == drv.compute_mode.EXCLUSIVE:
to
if drv.Context.get_device().compute_mode == drv.compute_mode.EXCLUSIVE_PROCESS:
in your test_driver.py file

Socket, AttributeError: 'str' object has no attribute 'send'

If anyone actually reads this thanks!
Anyway on to the problem, every time I run my code I get an 'AttributeError' and I can't find where the issue is. I'm using Socket, tKinter, os and multiprocessing. Here's my code(I know its now the most pythony thing in the world but hey I'm just playing with sockets):
#---Import statments---#
import socket, os, multiprocessing
import tkinter as tk
#---global variables---#
setup = ''
cleintsocket = ''
#---Defs---#
def setup():
global host, port, user
host = setup_host_box.get()
port = setup_port_box.get()
user = setup_user_box.get()
def connect(self, hostname, connectingport):
self.connect((hostname, int(connectingport)))
print('connected')
multiprocessing.Process(target = resv()).start()
def create_sock(nhost, nport):
global cleintsocket
cleintsocket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
connect(cleintsocket, nhost, nport)
def send(username, cleintsock):
'''to send a message'''
usrmsg = (username + ' - ' + chat_msg_box.get()).encode()
cleintsock.send(usrmsg)
def resv(sock):
'''resive subscript, run through mutiprosses module'''
while True:
rmsg = sock.recv(1024).decode()
chat_msg_display_text.insert('end.0.', rmsg)
def chat():
'''loads chat page'''
setup_host_text.pack_forget()
setup_host_box.pack_forget()
setup_port_text.pack_forget()
setup_port_box.pack_forget()
setup_user_text.pack_forget()
setup_user_box.pack_forget()
setup_confirm_button.pack_forget()
chat_msg_desplay_text.pack()
chat_msg_box.pack()
chat_msg_send_button.pack()
def start():
'''starts the setup page'''
setup_host_text.pack()
setup_host_box.pack()
setup_port_text.pack()
setup_port_box.pack()
setup_user_text.pack()
setup_user_box.pack()
setup_confirm_button.pack()
#---TK Setup---#
#--window setup--#
window = tk.Tk()
window.title('Chat')
window.geometry('600x600')
window.configure(background='#ffffff')
#--connection setup page--#
setup_host_text = tk.Label(window, text = 'Host')
setup_host_box = tk.Entry(window, bg = '#ffffff')
setup_port_text = tk.Label(window, text = 'Port')
setup_port_box = tk.Entry(window, bg = '#ffffff')
setup_user_text = tk.Label(window, text = 'Username')
setup_user_box = tk.Entry(window, bg = '#ffffff')
setup_confirm_button = tk.Button(window,text = 'Connect', command = setup())
#--chat page--#
chat_msg_box = tk.Entry(window, bg='#ffffff')
chat_msg_send_button = tk.Button(window, text = 'send', command = send(user, cleintsocket))
chat_msg_display_text = tk.Text(window, width=600, height=500, wrap = 'word')
#--------------#
start()
The python console is saying there is an error here chat_msg_send_button = tk.Button(window, text = 'send', command = send(user, cleintsocket)) that produces an AttributeError: 'str' object has no attribute 'send' error however I can't see any problems with it.
Please help.
Thanks again!
EDIT: Here's the error(Not needed now but this is for principle)
Traceback (most recent call last):
File ".../tkcleint.py", line 76, in <module>
chat_msg_send_button = tk.Button(window, text = 'send', command = send(user, cleintsocket))
File ".../tkcleint.py", line 29, in send
cleintsock.send(usrmsg)
AttributeError: 'str' object has no attribute 'send'
First off (as #R.Murry has pointed out) you are calling the functions immediately and passing their return value as the command which in this case is None, so I'd start by fixing that up:
setup_confirm_button = tk.Button(window,text = 'Connect', command = setup) #don't call setup here
...
def send_button_callback():
send(user, cleintsocket)
chat_msg_send_button = tk.Button(window, text = 'send', command = send_button_callback)
next, it is important to include the whole error message in your question because that is not the line that is running into problems:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File ".../test.py", line 76, in <module>
chat_msg_send_button = tk.Button(window, text = 'send', command = send(user, cleintsocket))
File ".../test.py", line 29, in send
cleintsock.send(usrmsg)
AttributeError: 'str' object has no attribute 'send'
You pass the variable cleintsocket into send and try to use the .send method of a socket, however it is initialized to an empty string:
cleintsocket = ''
so if you call send before it is changed to a socket you will get that error, simply check whether it has been initialized yet:
def send(username, cleintsock):
'''to send a message'''
if cleintsock: #not an empty string
usrmsg = (username + ' - ' + chat_msg_box.get()).encode()
cleintsock.send(usrmsg)
#else:window.bell() #play a error beep