As you know, Buildroot allow save current configuration without default value. It is good idea for me because full configuration is too large to be read by human.
But
make savedefconfig
doesn't save
BR2_EXTERNAL_XYZZY_PATH's path. Is it a bug?
--How to reproduce?--
mkdir BuildRootTest && cd BuildRootTest
aria2c https://bugs.busybox.net/attachment.cgi?id=9461 --out '.7z'
7z x .7z
rm .7z
git clone https://github.com/buildroot/buildroot
make BR2_EXTERNAL=${PWD}/my_external_tree -C
buildroot pc_x86_bios_defconfig
make -C buildroot savedefconfig BR2_DEFCONFIG=${PWD}/'mydefconfig01'
Compare mydefconfig01 and buildroot/.config files. mydefconfig01 contains "BR2_EXTERNAL_USERCONFIGTREE_PATH" ones but buildroot/.config twice. make savedefconfig just remove BR2_EXTERNAL_USERCONFIGTREE_PATH="/home/username/delme/my_external_tree" from mydefconfig01.
Related
Some IDEs support a feature usually called "master filelist", that the user provides a simple text file containing all files for a project, thus the IDE only parses the listed files.
Is it possible with vscode workspace? Note that I am aware of the "Exclude" feature of vscode, but it is not convenient for my use case.
Thanks.
After trying many methods (all in vain), I came up with the following workaround: make symlinks to all files in the master filelist.
Suppose that the files in the filelist (${ABS_INCLUDE}) are with absolute pathes, and suppose they share a root directory (which can be always true), then first create a dedicated root directory (SYM_ROOT_DIR) for vscode workspace, and then create symlinks for each files under the new root directory, e.g.,
mkdir -p ${SYM_ROOT_DIR}
while IFS= read -r line
do
OLD_DIR=$(dirname "$line")
BASENAME=$(basename "$line")
SYM_DIR=$(echo "${OLD_DIR}" | sed "s#${ABS_ROOT_DIR}#${SYM_ROOT_DIR}#")
mkdir -p ${SYM_DIR}
ln -s ${line} ${SYM_DIR}/${BASENAME}
done < ${ABS_INCLUDE}
I'm unable to use the rm command to remove files remotely from another directory. I'm a beginner so I apologise for my inability to elaborate properly.
Here's what I'm trying to do:
I'm trying to delete all .srt files from a sub directory. It works when I cd into the specific directory like so:
Command 1:
cd /users/jakubdonovan/library/cloudstorage/iCloud\ drive/the-modern-python3-bootcamp/target_folder
Command 2:
rm *.srt
However, let's say I want to quickly delete a specific file type from a folder without first using the "cd" command, like so:
rm *.srt /users/jakubdonovan/library/cloudstorage/iCloud\ drive/the-modern-python3-bootcamp/target_folder
It returns with "No matches for wildcard '*.srt'. See help expand."
Which is strange because I can use the touch, cp and and all the other commands remotely without a problem.
Is there a way to make the command "rm *.filetype" remove all the files with that specific filetype from a folder and all its subfolders in one swoop?
If you would like to rm in a sub-directory you just have to specify that sub-directory in the command.
rm /path/to/folder/*.filetype
or if you know that the folder is inside your current directory you can try...
rm ./folder/*.filetype
I have this wget command:
sudo wget --user-agent='some-agent' --referer=http://some-referrer.html -N -r -nH --cut-dirs=x --timeout=xxx --directory-prefix=/directory/for/downloaded/files -i list-of-files-to-download.txt
-N will check if there is actually a newer file to download.
-r will turn the recursive retrieving on.
-nH will disable the generation of host-prefixed directories.
--cut-dirs=X will avoid the generation of the host's subdirectories.
--timeout=xxx will, well, timeout :)
--directory-prefix will store files in the desired directorty.
This works nice, no problem.
Now, to the issue:
Let's say my files-to-download.txt has these kind of files:
http://website/directory1/picture-same-name.jpg
http://website/directory2/picture-same-name.jpg
http://website/directory3/picture-same-name.jpg
etc...
You can see the problem: on the second download, wget will see we already have a picture-same-name.jpg, so it won't download the second or any of the following ones with the same name. I cannot mirror the directory structure because I need all the downloaded files to be in the same directory. I can't use the -O option because it clashes with --N, and I need that. I've tried to use -nd, but doesn't seem to work for me.
So, ideally, I need to be able to:
a.- wget from a list of url's the way I do now, keeping my parameters.
b.- get all files at the same directory and being able to rename each file.
Does anybody have any solution to this?
Thanks in advance.
I would suggest 2 approaches -
Use the "-nc" or the "--no-clobber" option. From the man page -
-nc
--no-clobber
If a file is downloaded more than once in the same directory, >Wget's behavior depends on a few options, including -nc. In certain >cases, the local file will be
clobbered, or overwritten, upon repeated download. In other >cases it will be preserved.
When running Wget without -N, -nc, -r, or -p, downloading the >same file in the same directory will result in the original copy of file >being preserved and the second copy
being named file.1. If that file is downloaded yet again, the >third copy will be named file.2, and so on. (This is also the behavior >with -nd, even if -r or -p are in
effect.) When -nc is specified, this behavior is suppressed, >and Wget will refuse to download newer copies of file. Therefore, ""no->clobber"" is actually a misnomer in
this mode---it's not clobbering that's prevented (as the >numeric suffixes were already preventing clobbering), but rather the >multiple version saving that's prevented.
When running Wget with -r or -p, but without -N, -nd, or -nc, >re-downloading a file will result in the new copy simply overwriting the >old. Adding -nc will prevent this
behavior, instead causing the original version to be preserved >and any newer copies on the server to be ignored.
When running Wget with -N, with or without -r or -p, the >decision as to whether or not to download a newer copy of a file depends >on the local and remote timestamp and
size of the file. -nc may not be specified at the same time as >-N.
A combination with -O/--output-document is only accepted if the >given output file does not exist.
Note that when -nc is specified, files with the suffixes .html >or .htm will be loaded from the local disk and parsed as if they had been >retrieved from the Web.
As you can see from this man page entry, the behavior might be unpredictable/unexpected. You will need to see if it works for you.
Another approach would be to use a bash script. I am most comfortable using bash on *nix, so forgive the platform dependency. However the logic is sound, and with a bit of modifications, you can get it to work on other platforms/scripts as well.
Sample pseudocode bash script -
for i in `cat list-of-files-to-download.txt`;
do
wget <all your flags except the -i flag> $i -O /path/to/custom/directory/filename ;
done ;
You can modify the script to download each file to a temporary file, parse $i to get the filename from the URL, check if the file exists on the disk, and then take a decision to rename the temp file to the name that you want.
This offers much more control over your downloads.
In my workflow, I have lots of xxx.smr files in a folder and I need to convert them into other file format xxx_step3.mat by importing some data from xxx_info.xlsx. I learned that GNU make is powerful in keep all the files up-to-date.
In a very simple "explicit" format (without sophisticated wild card usage), Makefile for this process would look like this. To handle multiple xxx.smr files and their descendants, I should be able to do that by modifying this file.
.PHONY: all clean
all: xxx_step3.mat
xxx_step3.mat: xxx_step2.mat xxx_info.xlsx
matlab -r "merge2files('xxx_step2.mat', 'xxx_info.xlsx')"
xxx_step2.mat: xxx_step1.mat
matlab -r "convertmat('xxx_step1.mat')"
xxx_info.xlsx: master.xslx
matlab -r "extractfromMasterxlsx('master.xlsx', 'xxx_info.xlsx')"
xxx_step1.mat: xxx_step0.smr
#echo "\nCreate " $#
# I can't do this step from the command line so I leave message
clean:
rm -f xxx_step1.mat xxx_step2.mat xxx_step3.mat xxx_info.xlsx
However, I realized that, when some of xxx.smr files were found to be surplus and deleted at some point, running GNU make with this Makefile does not delete the obsolete descendant files, including all the intermediate files and the final xxx_step3.mat files, that are dependent on those deleted xxx.smr files.
For example, I start with the three xxx.smr files and run Make.
A.smr, B.smr, C.smr
It will create all the descendants, including the final target files:
A_step3.mat, B_step3.mat, C_step3.mat
Later, say, I find the B.smr contained a fatal error and decided to delete from the folder.
A.smr, C.smr
Running Make at this stage will result in ... no change, because both A_step3.mat and C_step3.mat are newer than its direct prerequisites (and than A.smr and C.smr). However, actually I need to remove all the descendants of B.smr, such as B_step1.mat, B_step2.mat, B_step3.mat, and B_info.xlsx. If those obsolete files are kept, the final target B_step3.mat will be included in the subsequent analyses and affect the results.
I wonder if there is a "smart" way of removing xxx_step1.mat, xxx_step2.mat, xxx_step3.mat, xxx_info.xlsx files, when their corresponding xxx.smr files have been deleted.
Or should I just implement this with MATLAB or Python etc?
Since a Makefile is a collection of shell commands, on your clean: target, you can collect and remove all the files that correspond to your xxx.smr files using a for loop and parameter expansion/substring matching. To find all files that correspond to each xxx.smr file, find all xxx.smr files. Then for each xxx.smr, extract xxx and remove all xxx_step?.* and xxx_info.* files. After each of the step? and info files are removed, then remove xxx.smr. In multi-line form it would look like:
for i in *.smr; do
for j in ${i%.*}; do
rm -f "${j}_step?.*" "${j}_info.*"
done
rm -f "$i"
done
Or, in a single line:
for i in *.smr; do for j in ${i%.*}; do rm -f "${j}_step?.*" "${j}_info.*"; done; rm -f "$i"; done
Note this will remove all xxx_step... and xxx_info... files for each xxx.smr file. Make sure this is what you intend and run on a test directory first. You can tighten the extensions above to just remove xxx_info.xlsx by replacing xxx_info.* with xxx_info.xlsx, etc...
I want to copy a particular file using Makefile and then make this file executable. How can this be done?
The file I want to copy is a .pl file.
For copying I am using the general cp -rp command. This is done successfully. But now I want to make this file executable using Makefile
Its a bad practice to use cp and chmod, instead use install command.
all:
install -m 0777 hello ../hello
You can use -m option with install to set the permission mode, and even note that by using the install you will preserve not only the permission but also the owner of the file.
You can still use chmod accordingly but it would be a bad practice
all:
cp hello ../hello
chmod +x ../hello
Update: install vs cp
cp would simply copy files with current permissions, install not only copies, but also can change perms/ownership as arg flags. (This is what your requirement was)
One significant difference is that cp truncates the destination file and starts copying data from the source into the destination file. install, on the other hand, removes the destination file first.
This is significant because if the destination file is already in use, bad things could happen to whomever is using that file in case you cp a new file on top of it. e.g. overwriting an executable that is running might fail. Truncating a data file that an existing process is busy reading/writing to could cause pretty weird behavior. If you just remove the destination file first, as install does, things continue much like normal - the removed file isn't actually removed until all processes close that file.[source]
For more details check these,
install vs. cp; and mmap
How is install -c different from cp