Convert for loop by using lambda(C#3.0) - c#-3.0

How to convert the below code
double sumxy = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < x.Count; i++)
{sumxy = sumxy + (x[i] * y[i]);}
by using lambda
I am using C#3.0. x and y are list of double numbers
Thanks

If you're using .NET 4, you could use the Zip operator:
double sumxy = x.Zip(y, (a, b) => a * b).Sum();
Or in .NET 3.5:
double sumxy = x.Select((value, index) => value * y[index]).Sum();

There isn't really any point, but if you want to:
Enumerable.Range(0, x.Count).Select(i => x[i] * y[i]).Sum();

Something like this...
var sumy = Enumerable.Range(0, x.Count).Aggregate((result, i) => result + (x[i]*y[i]);

Related

How to use string.split() without foreach()?

Write a program in Scala that reads an String from the keyboard and counts the number of characters, ignoring if its UpperCase or LowerCase
ex: Avocado
R: A = 2; v = 1; o = 2; c = 1; d = 2;
So, i tried to do it with two fors iterating over the string, and then a conditional to transform the character in the position (x) to Upper and compare with the character in the position (y) which is the same position... basically i'm transforming the same character so i can increment in the counter ex: Ava -> A = 2; v = 1;
But with this logic when i print the result it comes with:
ex: Avocado
R: A = 2; v = 1; o = 2; c = 1; a = 2; d = 1; o = 2;
its repeting the same character Upper or Lower in the result...
so my teacher asked us to resolve this using the split method and yield of Scala but i dunno how to use the split without forEach() that he doesnt allow us to use.
sorry for the bad english
object ex8 {
def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = {
println("Write a string")
var string = readLine()
var cont = 0
for (x <- 0 to string.length - 1) {
for (y <- 0 to string.length - 1) {
if (string.charAt(x).toUpper == string.charAt(y).toUpper)
cont += 1
}
print(string.charAt(x) + " = " + cont + "; ")
cont = 0
}
}
}
But with this logic when i print the result it comes with:
ex: Avocado
R: A = 2; V = 1; o = 2; c = 1; a = 2; d = 1; o = 2;
Scala 2.13 has added a very handy method to cover this sort of thing.
inputStr.groupMapReduce(_.toUpper)(_ => 1)(_+_)
.foreach{case (k,v) => println(s"$k = $v")}
//A = 2
//V = 1
//C = 1
//O = 2
//D = 1
It might be easier to group the individual elements of the String (i.e. a collection of Chars, made case-insensitive with toLower) to aggregate their corresponding size using groupBy/mapValues:
"Avocado".groupBy(_.toLower).mapValues(_.size)
// res1: scala.collection.immutable.Map[Char,Int] =
// Map(a -> 2, v -> 1, c -> 1, o -> 2, d -> 1)
Scala 2.11
Tried with classic word count approach of map => group => reduce
val exampleStr = "Avocado R"
exampleStr.
toLowerCase.
trim.
replaceAll(" +","").
toCharArray.map(x => (x,1)).groupBy(_._1).
map(x => (x._1,x._2.length))
Answer :
exampleStr: String = Avocado R
res3: scala.collection.immutable.Map[Char,Int] =
Map(a -> 2, v -> 1, c -> 1, r -> 1, o -> 2, d -> 1)

Getting specific incremental key values into an array

I have a list which I zipped with indices:
val fun_i_map_e = (list.indices zip list).toMap
Now, I want to get each key's value incremented by num:Int :
for (k<-0 until list.length by num)
for ((k,v) <- fun_i_map_e) {
bufferArray += v}
The idea here is something like this in Java:
for (k = 0; k <= list.length; k+= num){
//increment key k each time and store value into dynamic array }
However, I'm getting very random and complete trash output. I would appreciate if someone can help as I'm new in Scala.
You are almost there. All you need is to shape your for function with yield as given below
val bufferArray = for (k <- 0 until list.length by num) yield fun_i_map_e(k)
I hope the answer is helpful
val list = List[Int](5, 6, 7, 8)
val map = list.indices.zip(list).toMap
val num: Int = 15
val incremantedKeys = map.keys.map { k => k + num }
println("Original keys:")
println(map.keys)
println
println(s"Keys incremented by $num:")
println(incremantedKeys)

Best purely functional alternative to a while loop

Is the a better functional idiom alternative to the code below? ie Is there a neater way to get the value j without having to use a var?
var j = i + 1
while (j < idxs.length && idxs(j) == x) j += 1
val j = idxs.drop(i).indexWhere(_ != x) + i
Or, as suggested by #kosii in the comments, use the indexWhere overload that takes an index from where to start searching:
val j = idxs.indexWhere(_ != x, i)
Edit
Since j must equal the length of idxs in case all items following i are equal to x:
val index = idxs.indexWhere(_ != x, i)
val j = if(index < 0) idxs.length else index
// or
val j = if (idxs.drop(i).forall(_ == x)) idxs.length
else idxs.indexWhere(_ != x, i)
Maybe with streams, something like:
((i + 1) to idxs.length).toStream.takeWhile(j => idxs(j) == x).last

Need pointers for optimization of Merge Sort implementation in Scala

I have just started learning Scala and sideways I am doing some algorithms also. Below is an implementation of merge sort in Scala. I know it isn't very "scala" in nature, and some might even reckon that I have tried to write java in scala. I am not totally familiar with scala, i just know some basic syntax and i keep googling if i need something more. So please give me some pointers on to what can i do in this code to make it more functional and in accord with scala conventions and best practices. Please dont just give correct/optimized code, i will like to do it myself. Any suggestions are welcomed !
def mergeSort(list: Array[Int]): Array[Int] = {
val len = list.length
if (len == 1) list
else {
var x, y = new Array[Int](len / 2)
val z = new Array[Int](len)
Array.copy(list, 0, x, 0, len / 2)
Array.copy(list, len / 2, y, 0, len / 2)
x = mergeSort(x)
y = mergeSort(y)
var i, j = 0
for (k <- 0 until len) {
if (j >= y.length || (i < x.length && x(i) < y(j))) {
z(k) = x(i)
i = i + 1
} else {
z(k) = y(j)
j = j + 1
}
}
z
}
}
[EDIT]
This code works fine and I have assumed for now that input array will always be of even length.
UPDATE
Removed vars x and y
def mergeSort(list: Array[Int]): Array[Int] = {
val len = list.length
if (len == 1) list
else {
val z = new Array[Int](len)
val x = mergeSort(list.dropRight(len/2))
val y = mergeSort(list.drop(len/2))
var i, j = 0
for (k <- 0 until len) {
if (j >= y.length || (i < x.length && x(i) < y(j))) {
z(k) = x(i)
i = i + 1
} else {
z(k) = y(j)
j = j + 1
}
}
z
}
}
Removing the var x,y = ... would be a good start to being functional. Prefer immutability to mutable datasets.
HINT: a method swap that takes two values and returns them ordered using a predicate
Also consider removing the for loop(or comprehension).

Scala - Most elegant way of initialising values inside array that's already been declared?

I have a 3d array defined like so:
val 3dArray = new Array[Array[Array[Int]]](512, 8, 8)
In Javascript I would do the following to assign each element to 1:
for (i = 0; i < 512; i++)
{
3dArray[i] = [];
for (j = 0; j < 8; j++)
{
3dArray[i][j] = [];
for (k = 0; k < 8; k++)
{
3dArray[i][j][k] = 1;
}
}
}
What's the most elegant approach to doing the same?
Not sure there's a particularly elegant way to do it, but here's one way (I use suffix s to indicate dimension, i.e. xss is a two-dimensional array).
val xsss = Array.ofDim[Int](512, 8, 8)
for (xss <- xsss; xs <- xss; i <- 0 until 8)
xs(i) = 1
Or, using transform it gets even shorter:
for (xss <- xsss; xs <- xss)
xs transform (_ => 1)
for {
i <- a.indices
j <- a(i).indices
k <- a(i)(j).indices
} a(i)(j)(k) = 1
or
for {
e <- a
ee <- e
i <- ee.indices
} ee(i) = 1
See: http://www.scala-lang.org/api/current/index.html#scala.Array$
You have Array.fill to initialize an array of 1 to 5 dimension to some given value, and Array.tabulate to initialize an array of 1 to 5 dimension given the current indexes:
scala> Array.fill(2,1,1)(42)
res1: Array[Array[Array[Int]]] = Array(Array(Array(42)), Array(Array(42)))
enter code here
scala> Array.tabulate(3,2,1){ (x,y,z) => x+y+z }
res2: Array[Array[Array[Int]]] = Array(Array(Array(0), Array(1)), Array(Array(1), Array(2)), Array(Array(2), Array(3)))