Perform action on all fields of structure - matlab

I wonder if it's possible to perform an action on all fields of a structure at once?
My scenario:
I have data from an eye tracker device. It is stored in a struct Data, and has the following fields:
Data.positionX
Data.positionY
Data.velocity
Data.acceleration
Each field contains a vector of integers. Suppose I want to delete sample number 10 from my data stream. I would have to do the following:
Data.positionX(10) = [];
Data.positionY(10) = [];
Data.velocity(10) = [];
Data.acceleration(10) = [];
How would I do this more efficiently?

Yes, use dynamic field names.
fields = fieldnames(Data);
for i=1:length(fields)
field = fields{i};
Data.(field)(10) = [];
end

If your data is simple enough, it may be worth switching to a structure where you index the data directly instead of its contents
Data(10).positionX
Data(10).positionY
...
then it would have been as simple as
Data(10)=[]
Or alternately, if you have a bunch of vectors you want to store together, you may be better off storing them in a matrix:
M = [positionX positionY] %And so on, possibly transposed
Then it would have been as simple as:
M(10,:)=[];

Related

I'm having trouble shuffling a deck of cards in Matlab. Need help to see where I went wrong

I currently have the deck of cards coded, but it is unshuffled. This is for programming the card game of War if it helps. I need to shuffle the deck, but whenever I do, it will only shuffle together the card numbers and the suits, not the full card. For example, I have A identified as an ace and the suits come after each number. A normal card would be "AH" (an ace of hearts) or "6D" (a six of diamonds). Instead, it will output "5A" as one of the cards, as in a 5 of aces. I don't know how to fix this, but the code that I currently have is this:
card_nums = ('A23456789TJQK')';
card_suits = ('HDSC')';
unshuffled_deck = [repmat(card_nums,4,1),repmat(card_suits,13,1)];
disp(unshuffled_deck)
shuffled_deck = unshuffled_deck(randperm(numel(unshuffled_deck)));
disp(shuffled_deck)
I would appreciate any help with this, and thank you very much for your time!
You're creating a random permutation of all of the elements from both columns of unshuffled_deck combined. Instead you need to create a random permutation of the rows of unshuffled_deck:
shuffled_deck = unshuffled_deck(randperm(size(unshuffled_deck,1)),:);
The call to size gives you the number of rows in the deck array, then we get a random permutation of the row indices, and copy the row (value, suit) as a single entity.
Here's a version using a structure array in response to #Carl Witthoft's comment. I was afraid it would add too much complexity to the solution, but it really isn't bad:
card_nums = ('A23456789TJQK')';
card_suits = ('HDSC')';
deck_nums = repmat(card_nums,4,1);
deck_suits = repmat(card_suits,13,1);
cell_nums = cellstr(deck_nums).'; %// Change strings to cell arrays...
cell_suits = cellstr(deck_suits).'; %// so we can use them in struct
%// Construct a struct array with fields 'value' and 'suit'
unshuffled_deck = struct('value',cell_nums,'suit',cell_suits);
disp('unshuffled deck:');
disp([unshuffled_deck.value;unshuffled_deck.suit]);
%// Shuffle the deck using the number of elements in the structure array
shuffled_deck = unshuffled_deck(randperm(numel(unshuffled_deck)));
disp('shuffled deck:');
disp([shuffled_deck.value; shuffled_deck.suit]);
Here's a test run:
unshuffled deck:
A23456789TJQKA23456789TJQKA23456789TJQKA23456789TJQK
HDSCHDSCHDSCHDSCHDSCHDSCHDSCHDSCHDSCHDSCHDSCHDSCHDSC
shuffled deck:
4976TT93KTJQJATK953A75QA82Q6226K5J784J4A3372486K859Q
CHSSSHCDSCSSHDDCDSHHCDHSDDCDHCCHHCHHHDDCSCDSSCHDSCSD
To access an individual card, you can do:
>> shuffled_deck(2)
ans =
scalar structure containing the fields:
value = 9
suit = H
Or you can access the individual fields:
>> shuffled_deck(2).value
ans = 9
>> shuffled_deck(2).suit
ans = H
Unfortunately, I don't know of any way to simply index the struct array and get, for instance, 9H as you would in a regular array using disp(shuffled_deck(2,:)). In this case, the only option I know of is to explicitly concatenate each field:
disp([shuffled_deck(2).value,shuffled_deck(2).suit]);

retrieve data from structure when entering one field value MATLAB

I have created a structure about patient. Its fields are name, age, etc. I want to be able to retrieve a patient's all info by entering its name or any other unique property. In other words, how can I find the patient's index? Thanks in advance.
patient(10).name = 'Chuck';
patient(10).age = 29;
patient(11).name = 'Sarah';
patient(11).name = 28;
Structures are not a good data type for doing what you want.
I suggest using a table. If you have your data in the structure already, call
patientTable = struct2table(patient);
Then, you get the index as:
chucksIndex = find( strcmp( patientTable.name, 'Chuck'))
And you get that patient's information as
patientTable(chucksIndex,:)
(note: if all you need the index for is lookup, you don't need to call find, the logical index from strcmp suffices).
Double-clicking the table in the workspace browser presents the data in an Excel-like fashion. The only thing you'll have to change in your code is accessing the data. Instead of
patient(10).name
patient(10).age
You write
patientTable.name{10}
patientTable.age(10)
If you do not want to use a table, you can get the index as:
chucksIndex = find(strcmp({patient.name},'Chuck'));
First, there is an error, it should be patient(11).name = 28;.
Here is a way this should work. I've started the indexes for Chuck and Sarah at 1.
patient(1).name = 'Chuck';
patient(1).age = 29;
patient(2).name = 'Sarah';
patient(2).age = 28;
% Assign to cell array
plist = {patient.name};
% Choose the name of a patient
choose_patient = 'Sarah';
% Find the chosen patient in the list
ix_patient = find(strcmp(plist, choose_patient))
% Get full entry for that patient
patient(ix_patient)

Is there a quick way to assign unique text entries in an array a number?

In MatLab, I have several data vectors that are in text. For example:
speciesname = [species1 species2 species3];
genomelength = [8 10 5];
gonometype = [RNA DNA RNA];
I realise that to make a plot, arrays must be numerical. Is there a quick and easy way to assign unique entries in an array a number, for example so that RNA = 1 and DNA = 2? Note that some arrays might not be binary (i.e. have more than two options).
Thanks!
So there is a quick way to do it, but im not sure that your plots will be very intelligible if you use numbers instead of words.
You can make a unique array like this:
u = unique(gonometype);
and make a corresponding number array is just 1:length(u)
then when you go through your data the number of the current word will be:
find(u == current_name);
For your particular case you will need to utilize cells:
gonometype = {'RNA', 'DNA', 'RNA'};
u = unique(gonometype)
u =
'DNA' 'RNA'
current = 'RNA';
find(strcmp(u, current))
ans =
2

how to get a parentNode's index i using d3.js

Using d3.js, were I after (say) some value x of a parent node, I'd use:
d3.select(this.parentNode).datum().x
What I'd like, though, is the data (ie datum's) index. Suggestions?
Thanks!
The index of an element is only well-defined within a collection. When you're selecting just a single element, there's no collection and the notion of an index is not really defined. You could, for example, create a number of g elements and then apply different operations to different (overlapping) subsets. Any individual g element would have several indices, depending on the subset you consider.
In order to do what you're trying to achieve, you would have to keep a reference to the specific selection that you want to use. Having this and something that identifies the element, you can then do something like this.
var value = d3.select(this.parentNode).datum().x;
var index = -1;
selection.each(function(d, i) { if(d.x == value) index = i; });
This relies on having an attribute that uniquely identifies the element.
If you have only one selection, you could simply save the index as another data attribute and access it later.
var gs = d3.selectAll("g").data(data).append("g")
.each(function(d, i) { d.index = i; });
var something = gs.append(...);
something.each(function() {
d3.select(this.parentNode).datum().index;
});

loop through structures and finding the correlation

The following example resembles a similar problem that I'm dealing with, although the code below is merely an example, it is structured in the same format as my actual data set.
clear all
England = struct('AirT',rand(320,1),'SolRad',rand(320,1),'Rain',rand(320,1));
Wales = struct('AirT',rand(320,1),'SolRad',rand(320,1),'Rain',rand(320,1));
Ireland = struct('AirT',rand(320,1),'SolRad',rand(320,1),'Rain',rand(320,1));
Scotland = struct('AirT',rand(320,1),'SolRad',rand(320,1),'Rain',rand(320,1));
Location = struct('England',England,'Wales', Wales, 'Ireland',Ireland,'Scotland',Scotland);
FieldName={'England','Wales','Scotland','Ireland'};
Data = {England.AirT,Wales.AirT,Scotland.AirT,Ireland.AirT};
Data = [FieldName;Data];
Data = struct(Data{:});
Data = cell2mat(struct2cell(Data)');
[R,P] = corrcoef(Data,'rows','pairwise');
R_Value= [FieldName(nchoosek(1:size(R,1),2)) num2cell(nonzeros(tril(R,-1)))];
So, this script would show the correlation between pairs of Air Temperature of 4 locations. I'm looking for a way of also looking at the correlation between 'SolRad' and 'Rain' between the locations (same process as for AirT) or any variables denoted in the structure. I could do this by replacing the inputs into 'Data' but this seems rather long winded especially when involving many different variables. Any ideas on how to do this? I've tried using a loop but it seems harder than I though to try and get the data into the same format as the example.
Let's see if this helps, or is what you are thinking:
clear all
England = struct('AirT',rand(320,1),'SolRad',rand(320,1),'Rain',rand(320,1));
Wales = struct('AirT',rand(320,1),'SolRad',rand(320,1),'Rain',rand(320,1));
Ireland = struct('AirT',rand(320,1),'SolRad',rand(320,1),'Rain',rand(320,1));
Scotland = struct('AirT',rand(320,1),'SolRad',rand(320,1),'Rain',rand(320,1));
Location = struct('England',England,'Wales', Wales, 'Ireland',Ireland,'Scotland',Scotland);
% get all the location fields
FieldName = transpose(fieldnames(Location));
% get the variables recorded at the first location
CorrData = fieldnames(Location.(FieldName{1}));
% get variables which were stored at all locations(just to be safe,
% we know that they are all the same)
for ii=2:length(FieldName)
CorrData = intersect(CorrData,fieldnames(Location.(FieldName{ii})));
end
% process each variable that was recorded
for ii=1:length(CorrData)
Data = cell(1,length(FieldName));
% get the variable data from each location and store in Data
for jj=1:length(FieldName)
Data{jj} = Location.(FieldName{jj}).(CorrData{ii});
end
% process the data
Data = [FieldName;Data];
Data = struct(Data{:});
Data = cell2mat(struct2cell(Data)');
[R,P] = corrcoef(Data,'rows','pairwise');
R_Value= [FieldName(nchoosek(1:size(R,1),2)) num2cell(nonzeros(tril(R,-1)))];
% display the data, sounds good right?
fprintf(1,'Correlation for %s\n',CorrData{ii});
for jj=1:size(R_Value,1)
fprintf(1,'%s\t%s\t%f\n',R_Value{jj,1},R_Value{jj,2},R_Value{jj,3});
end
end
Let me know if I misunderstood, or if this is more involved than what you were thinking. Thanks!
fieldnames(s) and dynamic field references are your friend.
What I would suggest is to make one structure in which 'name' is a field, and the other fields are whatever you'd like. Regardless of how you set up your structure s, you can use fn = fieldnames(s); to return a cell array of the fields. You can access the contents of your structure using these names by using parentheses around the variable containing the name.
fn = fieldnames(s);
for i=1:length(fn)
disp([fn{i} ':' s.(fn{i})]
end
Whatever you do with the values is up to you, of course!